Articles tagged with Respiration
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study of 1,475 people found moderate to severe sleep apnea increases stroke risk by 3-4 times over four years. The risk is double that of other well-known factors like high blood pressure and obesity.
A new analysis found that a non-drug device-guided slow breathing treatment reduced the white-coat effect by ~80% in patients, compared to ~40% for controls. The treatment was also effective across different patient groups, including pre-hypertensives and resistant hypertensive patients.
Researcher Patrice G. Guyenet proposes that central chemoreceptors are located in the retrofacial region of the brainstem, loaded with glutamate, to sense pH changes in cerebrospinal fluid. In contrast, Dr. Richerson suggests that these receptors are found near midline blood vessels to 'taste' blood pH levels.
New guidelines suggest that bystanders performing CPR should focus on continuous chest compressions, even if they're not familiar with mouth-to-mouth procedures. This approach aims to increase the chances of saving lives by making CPR more accessible and easier to perform.
A recent study found that surgery for children with sleep apnea can significantly improve their quality of life. Adenotonsillectomy was shown to improve QOL scores and polysomnogram parameters, with improvements seen six months after surgery and sustained at one year.
A large study found that untreated severe sleep breathing disorder, also known as obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea, significantly increases the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events in men. Effective treatment with CPAP reduces this risk. Simple snoring is not a significant cardiovascular risk factor.
The Mt. Everest team, comprising anaesthesia and intensive care experts, aims to study human physiology in extreme environments by testing a closed-circuit breathing system and investigating the effects of hypoxia on brain function and genetics. The expedition seeks to understand acclimatization at the very limit.
Researchers propose that insects close off their respiratory systems to lower internal oxygen concentration and prevent oxidative damage. Insects like grasshoppers and moths regulate oxygen levels by controlling breathing patterns, which can impact aging and pesticide use.
A study conducted by Dr. James Carson and his wife Kimberly found that mindfulness meditation can help couples reduce interpersonal stress and boost their satisfaction with each other by 50%. The eight-week training sessions taught couples how to become more aware of the present moment and direct positive feelings toward their loved ones.
A clinical study found that roughly half the population produces more than 98% of potentially pathogenic bioaerosols. Administration of nebulized saline can reduce droplet exhalation in high-producers for up to six hours.
Researchers at UCLA have found that children with Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) share similar brain responses to breathlessness. The study suggests that the irregular brain mechanisms provoking CCHS may also underlie SIDS.
Researchers have developed a transistor that fuses carbon nanotubes with polymers to create a capnography sensor detecting subtle changes in CO2 concentrations. This technology may provide a new tool for emergency responders to monitor patients' respiratory patterns and verify breathing tube placement.
A study found that melatonin improved sleep quality in women with mild to moderate asthma without affecting asthma symptoms. Another study revealed a high prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing among commercial truck drivers, linked to increased accident risk and substance abuse. Critical care use was common among seriously ill patie...
A multi-center randomized controlled study found that 45 minutes of weekly self-treatment with RESPeRATE significantly reduces systolic blood pressure, with greater reductions in medicated and non-medicated patients. The device's effectiveness was correlated with slow breathing time, making it easy to use at home.
Infants with breathing pauses or slow heart rates during sleep scored lower on mental development tests at one year of age. Children with frequent snoring, loud breathing, or sleep apneas also performed worse on intelligence, memory, and behavior tests.
Research found that infants' sighs play a significant role in helping their lungs mature and regulate breathing. The study revealed that sighs may 'reset' the breathing mechanism, improving lung function and gas exchange efficiency. This suggests a crucial link between breathing control and mechanical development.
Researchers define two groups of pacemaker neurons driving breathing rhythm, with calcium channels playing critical role in gasping mechanism. Under hypoxia, sodium-driven pacemakers become essential for baby's survival, suggesting a potential link to SIDS risk factors.
A new sedation algorithm has significantly reduced unplanned extubations in pediatric ICU patients without increasing hospital stays. The Penn State Children's Hospital Sedation Algorithm sets target behavior goals for ventilated children and provides corresponding medication recommendations.
Researchers found that brain waves change with each breath, suggesting a new understanding of how sleep apnea affects the brain. The study's novel algorithm detected changes in brain wave activity linked to breathing cycles, promising potential for predicting daytime sleepiness and treatment outcomes.
A recent study found that CPAP treatment significantly improves insulin sensitivity in patients with OSAS, with less obese patients showing improvements after just 2 days of treatment. The researchers also identified a link between increased insulin resistance and the metabolic effects of OSAS.
A recent study has discovered how calorie restriction activates a specific gene called SIR2, leading to increased longevity in yeast and potentially other organisms. The researchers found that a decrease in the levels of NADH allows NAD to better activate Sir2, resulting in extended life span.
The study found that intermittent periods of decreased oxygen increased concentrations of the BDNF protein in the phrenic nerve, leading to enhanced respiratory memory. This breakthrough could lead to new therapies for sleep apnea, spinal cord injuries, and other breathing disorders
Research reveals that children with narrow retropalatal air spaces have more severe SDB due to significantly larger tonsil and soft palate CSAs. The study found a significant correlation between OAHI and oropharyngeal volume, indicating the importance of pharyngeal geometry and soft tissue anatomy in determining SDB severity.
A study of 404 sudden cardiac arrest victims found that almost half did not receive CPR before EMS arrival. The most common reasons for no CPR included physical limitations, victim location, and signs of life.
Researchers suggest that ultra-low oxygen and greenhouse warming sparked two mass-extinction events, killing 90% of species on Earth. The development of an unusual breathing system in some dinosaurs, still found in birds today, may have helped them survive harsh conditions.
Researchers found significant racial and sex differences in nasal contribution to breathing during exercise, with African-Americans having a greater nasal contribution than Caucasians. Women had significantly less physical work capacity and breathing efficiency compared to men.
A new study found significant gray matter loss in the insular cortex and basal ganglia of advanced heart failure patients. The insular cortex was affected on both sides, with greater loss on the right side, while basal ganglia damage was also observed.
Research identifies critical role of innate immunity in lung transplant rejection, suggesting novel therapies may prevent acute rejection. Preschool children with asthma also exhibit abnormal pulmonary function, while patients with sleep apnea show periods of stable breathing.
Researchers identified a genetic region on chromosome 11 associated with eye and kidney problems in individuals with Joubert syndrome. The study provides hope for developing a genetic screening test to inform parents about the risk of passing the condition to future children.
A large study of 100,544 ICU admissions found that septic shock mortality decreased from 62.1% in 1993 to 55.9% in 2000, but its frequency increased due to more multi-resistant bacterial strains. The use of vasopressor therapy and mechanical ventilation also increased during this period.
Researchers found that people can learn to recognize early symptoms of injury and take steps to maintain their health. Training in muscle relaxation and breathing techniques significantly decreased symptoms and improved well-being among volunteers.
Researchers tested ancient tree species to disprove the carbon loss hypothesis, which suggested deciduous trees had an advantage in polar forests. The study found that deciduous trees actually lose more carbon than evergreen trees, challenging the long-held theory.
Researchers published studies on new treatments for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), a potential new treatment for pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell patients using oral arginine, and the benefits of noninvasive ventilation. Early removal of breathing tubes, combined with noninvasive ventilation, significantly reduced hospi...
A groundbreaking study has identified mirtazapine as a highly effective treatment for sleep apnea, significantly reducing symptoms and improving breathing patterns. The medication, already approved for depression, showed the largest benefit and most consistent improvement of any pharmaceutical therapy in controlled studies.
A study by Therese Mar found a significant association between stagnant air and respiratory deaths, as well as cardiovascular deaths. The research used wind data to analyze the effects of air pollution on mortality over a 28-year period.
Chronic snorers are more than twice as likely to experience chronic daily headaches as those with occasional headaches. Researchers suggest that treating snoring could help alleviate headaches in some individuals.
A study found that prenatal exposure to nicotine increases the function and density of GABAa receptors in brain regions controlling breathing, leading to more frequent and prolonged episodes of apnea in newborn rats. This suggests a possible link between maternal smoking during pregnancy and increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndro...
Researchers at UCLA discovered that two cellular networks collaborate to control breathing, with one system responding to sensory feedback and another controlling stability. This finding has important implications for treating neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease.
Researchers have discovered that many insects, including crickets and wood beetles, breathe using a mechanism similar to human lungs. The study used x-ray imaging to reveal rapid breathing cycles, producing air exchange rates of nearly 50 percent.
Researchers from Leiden discovered that vitamins C and E can prevent breathing problems in patients after surgery by reducing the impact of sedatives and painkillers. The study found that stress and pain play a significant role in maintaining alertness, which may help counteract breathing issues.
Dr. Laura Hawryluck argues that administering neuromuscular blockers can blur the lines between palliative and euthanasia care. She suggests that physicians should prepare family members for the reality of a dying patient's breathing and bodily reactions.
Researchers from the University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine found no relationship between long-term exposure to dental aerosols and respiratory illness among dental students. The study, which analyzed data from over 800 students, suggests that breathing in mists spun off by drills may not cause respiratory problems.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a 3.9% reduction in workforce participation rates, particularly among those with moderate to severe disease. Additionally, sleep-disordered breathing in mildly obese men is linked to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance.
A new study reveals a strong link between children's sleep problems and behavioral issues like hyperactivity and inattention. The research, published in the journal Pediatrics, found that children who snore often are nearly twice as likely to have attention and hyperactivity problems.
Patients treated with nocturnal breathing support for sleep apnoea experience a significant reduction in blood pressure, as well as improved quality of life and reduced excessive daytime sleepiness. The study confirms that therapeutic nCPAP treatment produces a clinically important lowering of blood pressure.
The study investigated LTF in OSA patients with hypoxic exposure using nasal CPAP. Hypoxia caused increased minute ventilation and decreased upper airway resistance, which persisted during the recovery period.
Researchers found that men exhibited a decrease in coordination during exercise-induced hypoxia, whereas women showed an increase. Conversely, women had lower ventilatory responses to hypoxia compared to men.
Researchers identified a small group of neurons responsible for issuing breathing commands within the preBotzinger Complex. Destroying these neurons in rats resulted in irregular breathing patterns and impaired oxygen control, suggesting they hold underlying causes of breathing disorders.
Respiratory sounds can precisely determine the level of shortness of breath in asthma patients. A new computer program uses acoustic analysis to detect breathing problems, potentially setting off an alarm during sleep and enabling researchers to study conditions without inducing symptoms.
A new partial voice box resection procedure shows excellent local control and significant improvement in quality of life for patients with intermediate to advanced stage larynx cancers. This approach can provide a less drastic treatment option, reducing hardship on patients.
A study found that using oral steroids to control severe asthma attacks reduced the risk of death from the disease by 90 percent. A written asthma action plan also significantly reduced the risk of death and hospitalization rates. Additionally, African-American women experienced a slower rate of lung function decline with age compared ...
Researchers found that obese individuals were twice as likely to be diagnosed with asthma, but not more responsive airways. Underweight individuals, on the other hand, experienced increased airway responsiveness and reduced lung function.
A pilot study found that an implanted 'brain pacemaker' for epilepsy may cause mild increases in sleep apnea, a condition where breathing is disrupted during sleep. Researchers are investigating ways to fine-tune the device to reduce these effects and improve treatment outcomes.
A large-scale survey of over 65,000 people in Norway found that women are more susceptible to the damaging effects of cigarette smoke. Women reported higher rates of respiratory symptoms and asthma compared to men, particularly among those who smoked more cigarettes daily.
Studies at the University of Illinois have identified a brain pathway in which neurons activate during low oxygen, triggering increased breathing. Newborns may not have enough neurons to respond sufficiently, possibly contributing to sudden infant death syndrome.
The Respiratory Tract Infection Alert, a first national tracking system, provides predictive information via the Internet and a toll-free number to predict RTI season peaks. The system tracks common respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis, sinusitis, and pneumonia.
A new clinical score for managing upper respiratory tract infections with sore throat could substantially reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions. The study found that using the score would have reduced antibiotics prescribed to culture-negative patients by 63.7% and overall antibiotics by 52.3%.
A comparative study found Factive eradicated H. influenzae after one day, while Biaxin took seven days. The results showed Factive's superior efficacy in treating chronic bronchitis airway infections.
A 2-year study found that day care centers incubate and spread antibiotic-resistant respiratory tract bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae. The study suggests that day care centers are ideal environments for the development of such resistance due to high rates of respiratory infections and antibiotic use.
The European Respiratory Society warns that hundreds of medicines can cause lung diseases, with 310 therapeutic substances identified as having iatrogenic effects. Early withdrawal of these medicines can reduce the risk of damaging sequelae in 70% of cases.