Articles tagged with Cohort Studies
Two studies found that reducing air pollution through coal bans and emission controls leads to significant decreases in mortality rates, particularly for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Estimated reductions include 116 respiratory deaths and 243 cardiovascular deaths per year.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Human Biology found that women who reproduce later in life have a lower chance of having their descendants survive and thrive. In contrast, women who start families earlier tend to have more lineage success. The researchers used statistical models to analyze the impact of education, i...
A new study found that moderate to high calcium intake can lower the risk of distal colon cancer by 40-50% in women and men. However, excessive calcium consumption did not provide further benefits. Calcium may be the key component reducing colon cancer risk.
A new UCSF study reveals that the KSHV epidemic in San Francisco gay men occurred before the HIV epidemic, and was linked to oral intercourse. The study found a steady prevalence of KSHV infection among gay men from 1978 to 1995, despite a significant decline in unprotected anal intercourse.
A large study of nearly 40,000 women in Denmark found that moderate drinkers became pregnant faster than non-drinkers. However, high alcohol intake was related to longer waiting times, particularly among older women and those who smoked or were overweight.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that nearly half of people receiving antiretroviral treatment for HIV-1 developed clinical adverse effects, while 27% experienced laboratory adverse effects. The authors emphasize the need for postmarketing surveillance to improve tolerability of anti-HIV-1 treatment.
A unique 5-year study will enroll 105,000 people, including two-thirds African-Americans, to identify key factors contributing to cancer development. The Southern Community Cohort Study will explore lifestyle and genetic factors linked to cancer disparities in the southeastern US.
A long-term study of over 1000 Finnish men found that reduced lung function due to smoking increases the risk of death from all causes. Quitting smoking halts this decline and reduces mortality risk, suggesting preserving lung function in later life may predict a longer life.
A study of 350 men and women found that mental aging begins in the 20s with continuous declines in processing power. By mid-60s, people may notice a decline in everyday activities. An increase in experience and knowledge can compensate for losses until age 50.
Researchers have established Canadian normative data for the SF-36, a widely used health-related quality of life measure. The study found that Canadians scored higher than US and UK counterparts in several domains.
A University at Buffalo study found that a woman's biology, specifically age at first menstruation and first live birth, are major predictors of resolved fertility in fertile women, not lifestyle habits. Women over 30 at first live birth were three times more likely to take longer than a year to conceive.
A study by Kermyt Anderson found that stepfathers invest significant amounts of money and time in their stepchildren. Despite initial assumptions portraying stepfathers negatively, the research suggests they gain mating benefits and opportunities for lifetime reproductive success.
The Boston University conference explores how science is used and misused in public discourse, affecting policy decisions such as failed drug policies. The event also examines the intersection of science with social sciences and the courts, aiming to provide a clearer understanding of scientific findings for the general public.
A recent study by David J. Maume Jr. found that 44% of men are promoted after 12 years, compared to 15% of white women, 7% of black women, and 17% of black men. Discrimination was the only factor controlling promotion rates across professions.
Researchers found that aged varnish molecules contribute to the typical yellow discoloration of old-master paintings. The study suggests that larger molecules in the varnish layer are harder to dissolve during restoration processes.
A panel of scientists concludes that some UFO sightings are accompanied by physical evidence deserving scientific study. While the panel was not convinced of an extraterrestrial explanation, it highlighted potential health risks and noted that rare natural phenomena can cause similar effects.
A new study reveals that many laboratories offering genetic tests for cystic fibrosis don't test for enough mutations, which can lead to unreliable results. The recommended widespread screening is premature due to the lack of standardization in testing labs.