Articles tagged with Research Organizations
A study by Colorado State University researchers found that students who reported more anger in response to common driving situations were at risk for anger, aggression, and accidents. Both groups of drivers were more alike than different in terms of their risk levels.
A study by Jungmeen E. Kim, Ph.D., and Phyllis Moen, Ph.D. found that newly retired women experience higher depression if their husbands remain employed, while newly retired men with employed wives face more marital conflict. In contrast, retired men who re-employ show higher morale.
Researchers have confirmed that catnip repels German cockroaches, specifically through the action of nepetalactone. The study also found that male cockroaches are more sensitive to the repellent activity than females.
Four experts will discuss their findings on the chemistry of addictions involving cocaine, alcohol, and PCP at a news briefing. The experts will provide insights into the underlying mechanisms and potential treatments for these addictions.
A longitudinal study of over 600 adult participants found a significant seasonal effect on depression, hostility, anger, irritability, and anxiety, with winter months showing the highest levels. The researchers suggest diet, activity, and light exposure may contribute to these seasonal mood differences.
Researchers found that airplane crash survivors have lower levels of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms compared to non-crash air travelers. The study suggests that survivors may benefit from experiencing a traumatic event, providing a resource for recovery.
Researchers have obtained X-ray images of crucial steps in bacterial infection, revealing the structure of pili and adhesins that enable bacteria to cling to tissue. The findings provide new insights into the development of effective antimicrobial strategies and vaccine candidates.
The symposium aims to examine the structure of vancomycin and its potential weaknesses. Researchers will discuss various strategies for preventing the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains.
Breakthroughs in self-assembly and supermaterials could lead to extraordinary applications such as artificial body parts, ultraresistant coatings, and high-definition television screens. Five experts will share their discoveries that could jump-start new marvels in materials technology.
A Cornell University study found that senior volunteers enjoy significantly higher levels of psychological and physical well-being than non-volunteers. The research suggests that volunteering provides retirees with social connections, routines, and a sense of purpose, leading to improved overall well-being.
Researchers have genetically modified rice grains to improve supply of iron and vitamin A. IDA and VAD are major contributors to childhood and maternal mortality primarily in developing countries. The transgenic material will be freely available for further development into publicly available rice breeding lines.
Researchers found that oxygen supplementation can significantly reduce the effects of retinal detachment by protecting photoreceptor cells and limiting cell abnormality. This breakthrough suggests that ophthalmologists may want to consider providing oxygen therapy to patients diagnosed with retinal detachment while awaiting surgery.
The University of Southern California has received a historic gift of $110 million from the W.M. Keck Foundation to establish the Keck School of Medicine and enhance its health sciences program. The donation will focus on neurogenetic disorders, with potential breakthroughs in understanding and treatment of debilitating diseases.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have discovered the molecular signals that lead to programmed cell death in spinal cord injuries. This breakthrough discovery may lead to the development of drugs to prevent or limit the consequences of spinal cord injury.
A University of Toronto researcher found that home births enable women to connect childbirth with their religious beliefs and family relationships. The study involved 45 American women from diverse backgrounds who valued having loved ones nearby during birth.
The ONR report highlights the need for further research into the effects of underwater noise on marine life, including non-hearing physiological effects and behavioral changes. The report also reviews current scientific knowledge and expert opinions on the topic, emphasizing the importance of understanding the impacts of human activiti...
Phyllis I. Hanson, a researcher at Washington University School of Medicine, has been awarded a Keck Foundation grant to study the molecular machinery that neurons use to communicate. Her work may one day suggest treatments for neuromuscular and psychiatric disorders resulting from faulty communication between neurons.
A team of researchers at Washington University School of Medicine has been awarded a grant to develop new treatments for spinal cord injuries. They plan to use embryonic stem cells to replace damaged tissue and restore lost functions, with the long-term goal of enabling patients to regain bladder and bowel control and potentially walk ...
Bruce Clurman, a researcher at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, has been awarded a $1 million grant to support his medical research. The award, part of the W.M. Keck Foundation's Distinguished Young Scholars in Medical Research Program, will enable Clurman to pursue new ideas and develop new treatments for diseases.
Researchers have successfully eliminated human brain tumors grown in mice using a toxin produced by E. coli bacteria, providing a potential breakthrough in treating astrocytoma and glioblastoma, two common types of brain cancer. The next phase of research will focus on preliminary clinical trials in older children and adults.
The American Heart Association awarded Gold Heart Awards to Edmond M. Hoffman and Harold C. Strauss for their significant contributions to the organization over several decades. Their work includes promoting increased federal funding of biomedical research and relocating the National Center from New York City to Dallas.
A study by Boston University researchers found that delivering bad news via email is more accurate and less painful for the messenger than personal or phone delivery. The research suggests that electronic communication can increase honesty and accuracy in delivering negative information, challenging current norms.
A new analytical technique has revealed large variations in Ginkgo biloba herbal products, which may be a problem for consumers. The study found that some products contain significantly more ginkgolides and bilobalide, the most pharmacologically active compounds, than others.
A new review of psychological research reveals exercise as a viable treatment for mild to moderate depression. Regular exercise has been shown to be an effective but underused treatment option.
The U.S. Army has implemented a new computerized supply tracking system called Wildcat, which applies commercial strategies and wireless technology to improve efficiency and reduce costs. The system tracks supplies using hand-held mobile computers and a central database, eliminating the need for manual ordering and inventory management.
A new study by Penn State researchers improves the regional climate assessment of the Mid-Atlantic Region. The research involved gathering input from over 95 stakeholders representing industry, environmental groups, government, and research organizations. Key findings highlight the importance of human health in addressing global change...
The 'Edge of Light' scanner uses light reflection to create a high-resolution map of surface topography, detecting deformation between rivets caused by corrosion. This technology has the advantage over existing NDI technology, allowing for non-destructive inspection and potential applications in forensic studies and forgery detection.
University of California researchers have successfully created a buckyball device that emits white light, contrary to conventional scientific wisdom. The device, made from a modified buckyball derivative, has extremely low efficiency but could potentially be used for illuminating rooms in the future.
A new scanning device enables researchers to examine internal characteristics of composite engine parts as they are mended, improving use of composite materials. Initial experiments showed that surface integrity can belie internal damage in graphite fibre-PEEK composites.
The study found that only 7% of D.C. residents and 14% of Delaware residents consider themselves part of the South. In contrast, 84% of Texans and 82% of Virginians identify as Southerners. The results suggest a more nuanced understanding of regional identity.
Researchers may consider a new concept proposing the immune system responds only to foreign substances causing damage, rather than traditional views. This approach could lead to better understanding of hypersensitivity reactions and development of predictive tests for drug interactions.
Patients with heart attacks who are taken directly to high-volume hospitals have a higher survival rate than those treated at smaller centers. Younger patients and those with cardiologists as attending physicians also benefit from increased survival rates.
Researchers discover that iron minerals in sediment protect marine organisms from extreme arsenic levels. The study suggests that natural processes can be harnessed to develop new methods for treating arsenic-tainted waste.
A team of physicists has devised a general theorem to explain the phenomenon of allometric quarter-power scaling, which describes how biological processes vary in predictable ways depending on an organism's mass. The researchers found that efficient transportation networks, including those in plants and animals, follow this scaling law.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have created the largest protein from scratch, inspired by a household bacteria. The protein, called alpha-3D, has a well-defined three-dimensional structure and could lead to novel drugs and diagnostic tools.
A new study reveals that global surface temperatures have increased by 14.6 degrees Celsius, with the warmest years on record occurring in the 1990s. Most of the warming has occurred over the northern continents during specific seasons.
The grant will support government programs, non-governmental organizations, and local women's groups to improve access to emergency care. Researchers aim to reduce maternal mortality rates by up to 1 in 12, which can be dramatically improved with timely medical intervention.
A University of Illinois professor's study reveals that crew members' communication timing greatly affects performance during emergencies. High-performing crews were found to be targeted and specific with their exchanges, while low-performing crews had a disconnect between training and actual conditions.
Researchers have determined that a particular enzyme bound to HDL acts as a powerful antioxidant within blood vessels. This discovery may lead to new treatments for heart disease by preventing oxidative modifications of low-density lipoprotein (LDL).
A new mathematical model suggests that annual antibiotic treatments will not be enough to eradicate trachoma in areas with high incidence rates. The model predicts that these areas, which account for only 10% of total affected regions, will experience a higher rate of blindness due to reinfection.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have identified a critical molecular link between endothelial cells and the development of new blood vessels. This discovery could lead to more targeted treatments for heart disease and cancer with fewer side effects.
Researchers from the Partnership for Natural Disaster Reduction (PNDR) presented various studies on wind and earthquake resistance, including a large-scale extreme wind research facility and hurricane-resistant homes. The PNDR program aims to reduce damage from natural disasters through concerted nationwide research efforts.
Researchers refute Garrett Hardin's 'Tragedy of the Commons' thesis, highlighting successful management through incentives, rules, and monitoring. Small groups and local autonomy are key to effective resource use.
A nationwide survey of internists found that up to 50% of physicians in managed care settings failed to prescribe recommended services, while 39% in fee-for-service settings did so. Financial incentives led to a decrease in ordering tests and referrals.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have discovered that yeast can form an interconnected system where one organelle gives rise to another through outgrowths of its own membrane. This finding sheds light on disorders such as Menkes disease and polycystic kidney disease, which are caused by defects in Golgi function.
Researchers at the University of Michigan discovered that folic acid effectively lowers homocysteine levels in blood plasma, reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. The study found that folic acid supplementation can also benefit people with normal MTHFR enzymes by protecting them against heat-induced enzyme inactivation.
A study of California physicians reveals mixed support for the state's law requiring suspected domestic violence cases to be reported to authorities. The majority believe the law creates barriers to care and violates patient confidentiality, which could deter victims from seeking help or jeopardize their safety.
Researchers have successfully removed up to 99% of trichloroethylene from contaminated soil using the innovative Lasagna technology, which uses electrical current fed to electrodes buried in the ground. This cost-effective approach has potential for wide use and minimal environmental disturbance.
Research presents evidence that moderate caffeine consumption can improve performance in tasks requiring sustained attention. Additionally, studies suggest that green tea catechins have anti-oxidative, antibacterial, and antiviral potency, while polyphenolic compounds in cocoa may also have cardiovascular benefits.
Researchers have found that butyltins can disrupt the function of human natural killer cells, which are critical in fighting tumor cells and infected cells. The study's findings highlight the need for further research into the potential health effects of these chemical contaminants on humans.
Scientists have developed cotton fabrics with built-in pesticide detoxifiers that can be cleaned and reactivated by washing with bleach. The treatment reduces pesticide levels in garments to harmless fragments within minutes, offering a comfortable and protective solution for agricultural workers and gardeners.
Research on limonoids, compounds in citrus peels, indicates potential anticancer activities, inhibiting human breast cancer cell proliferation and reducing LDL cholesterol levels. Field tests also demonstrate insect pest management prospects for these compounds.
Researchers have developed a new, more effective form of the medication Ritalin that produces fewer side effects and has the potential to be used in anticocaine therapy. The improved drug is made through a chiral synthesis process, which allows for smaller doses and reduced potential side effects.
Researchers have confirmed that blue-green algae Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) significantly lowers cholesterol levels in animals. Additionally, the algae's benefits appear to be independent of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), suggesting a potential dual mechanism of action.
A Canadian study found that university-educated white-collar women experience significant increases in blood pressure due to office stress and large family responsibilities. The research revealed a persistent effect of these factors on blood pressure throughout the day, evening, and night.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new way to study the chemistry of life using tiny, cell-sized containers called vesicles. These vesicles allow for the creation of minuscule chemical reactions that can mimic the conditions found inside living cells.
The American Chemical Society is honoring black chemist Percy Julian's accomplishments in pharmaceuticals and chemical synthesis. Julian made significant contributions to the development of a low-cost synthetic method for cortisone, an antiarthritis drug, and synthesized the glaucoma medication physostigime.
A team of researchers led by Christine MacKenzie aims to create efficient intelligent tools for performing tasks in both virtual and real environments. The goal is to achieve direct vision and manipulation in a virtual hand lab, enabling humans to use their fingers as pointers.
Researchers found no link between M74 and environmental pollutants, but suspect complex interacting factors in the Baltic Sea. Precautionary treatment with Vitamin B1 reduces mortality in salmon hatcheries.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a decontamination foam that can neutralize chemical and biological agents in minutes. The foam, called Decon Foam 100, is made from ordinary household products and could be dispensed immediately after an attack, even before evacuating casualties.