Research on ethnicity, identity, and health. Covers code-switching, traditional health practices, immigration and disease, and patient communication.
A study of 34,500 patients found racial and ethnic disparities in locally advanced rectal cancer treatment outcomes may be influenced by unidentified biological or social factors. Non-Hispanic Black patients were more likely to experience poorer outcomes.
A new study finds that everyday discrimination can drive unhealthy coping behaviors like smoking, leading to increased heart disease risk. Research highlights the importance of considering multiple identities when studying health disparities and creating interventions.
Researchers have identified 13 strategies to advance racial and ethnic equity in the academic health sciences. The 'roadmap' aims to create more diverse and equitable graduate health programs.
The study reveals a significant prevalence of refractive error in African American adults, affecting their quality of life and work productivity. Providing universal vision care coverage can reduce this burden by over two-thirds, improving lives and increasing economic opportunities.
A UK study published in Anaesthesia found that black children are at a significantly higher risk of postoperative complications following emergency appendicitis surgery, with a four-fold greater risk compared to white children. The study also identified other risk factors for complications, including pre-existing medical conditions and...
Researchers found that Inuit residents in Nunavik had shorter survival rates for lung cancer compared to Montreal residents, despite similar disease stages. The study attributes this disparity to chronic under-resourcing of healthcare services and lack of Inuit representation in healthcare provision.
A large, diverse genetic study identified novel genetic locations associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. The study implicated vascular and cancer-related genes in POAG risk, with 20% of associated genes related to primary cilia.
A new study found that Hispanic patients with moderate to severe ARDS were more likely to be deeply sedated while on a ventilator, spending nearly 75% of their days in deep sedation. This disparity may be driven by factors such as language barriers, cultural differences, and implicit bias in clinical decision making.
A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found a causal link between government policies and mental health decline in people with Black Caribbean heritage. The research team analyzed data from over 58,000 participants and found an increase in psychological distress after the 2014 Immigration Act and the Windrush scandal.
Youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities face higher risk for foster care involvement, particularly among Black and female populations. The study highlights the urgent need for system-level interventions to address these disparities.
A study found that people from ethnic minorities show clearer signs of depression and lower adaptability on average. The researchers also discovered correlations between area poverty levels and the proportion of ethnic minorities exhibiting these traits.
A recent analysis found that Black women in the USA have significantly higher homicide rates compared to their White peers, with disparities increasing from 1999 to 2020. Gun deaths among Black and White women also increased, with Black women being more likely to be killed by firearms.
A new study finds that non-white victims of violence and suicide in the US lose more potential years of life due to lethal violence, with socioeconomic factors and access to firearms playing a role. The study suggests addressing these disparities through community resources and improving access to healthcare.
The Medical University of South Carolina will be one of four sites exploring the genetic basis of Parkinson’s disease in the Black community. The study, known as BLAAC PD, aims to genotype over 150,000 people worldwide and develop targeted treatments for this subtype of PD.
A study found that white actors are still overrepresented on American film posters, with Black and Asian actors gaining ground in recent years. The research suggests that non-white actors tend to appear in minor roles or films related to their ethnicity.
Researchers developed a novel approach to measuring community personality and found that people in like-minded communities tend to be happier, healthier, and more highly achieving. Communities differ significantly in terms of personality traits, with some counties having high proportions of open-minded or conscientious individuals.
The study analyzed over 1 million stroke patients and found that the Target: Stroke quality initiative led to increased thrombolysis frequency, timeliness, and improved outcomes across all racial and ethnic groups. However, disparities persisted, highlighting the need for further interventions.
The American Heart Association's PREVENT risk calculator will be evaluated among diverse populations to assess its accuracy and fairness. The research aims to ensure that the tool provides accurate risk predictions for people from various racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
A recent study found that Black adults exposed to gun violence were more likely to experience lifetime suicidal ideation and behavior. The research highlights the need for public health efforts to reduce both gun violence and suicide among this vulnerable population.
Officer-involved killings of unarmed Black individuals worsened sleep duration among Black respondents, while no adverse effects were found for white respondents. The study highlights the role of structural racism in shaping racial disparities in sleep health.
A study of emergency department visits reveals that most injuries from conducted energy devices, such as TASERs, involve young Black and white males from low-income areas. This finding is consistent with existing research on police violence and racial disparities in the US population.
A meta-analysis of New Jersey clinical trials from 2017 to 2022 reveals an uptick in diversity among trial participants, with 97% reporting on race and/or ethnicity. Despite this progress, there is still work to be done to match U.S. Census demographics, but the study suggests recent efforts are having a positive impact.
Research at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that social inequity contributes to lower use of epidural analgesia among non-Hispanic White and African American women. In counties with high social inequity, labor neuraxial analgesia was used by 72% of African American women, compared to 78% in low-equality counties.
New research finds that Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) individuals experience greater negative impacts on their health status, activity levels, and ability to work after COVID-19 infection compared to white participants. The study highlights the need for equitable health interventions for underserved populations.
A study at Lake Okeechobee found that a faith-based approach increased ADRD diagnoses from 0.9% to 24.3%, with 55.3% of participants receiving referrals for further testing and treatment.
A study of 57,000 US adults found that lower levels of food security are associated with a higher risk of premature mortality and shorter life expectancy. The findings highlight the potential importance of improving food security in promoting population health and reducing health disparities.
A study of Medicare patients in 2022 revealed disparities in COVID-19 therapy access based on patient age, race and ethnicity, Medicaid eligibility, and nursing home residence. Higher-risk individuals received COVID-19 therapy less often than those with lower risk factors.
Gaps in vision screening pathways disproportionately affect historically marginalized groups, leading to poor outcomes and inadequate care. The study highlights the need for improved strategies to address these disparities.
A new study reveals significant disparities in dementia care among minoritized racial and ethnic populations, including delayed diagnoses and inadequate treatment. The researchers highlight the importance of granular data collection to address these disparities and promote health equity.
A study found that most people in Britain and the USA choose white men as their heroes, with women and people of color often being overlooked. Only 1 in 4 Britons and 1 in 5 Americans said they had a heroine, highlighting a persistent gap between prominent white male heroes and forgotten heroines.
A study found that interracial marriages result in lower wages for white males and higher wages for Black males compared to their same-sex and same-race counterparts. In states where marriage was less accepted, the penalties were more pronounced. The findings highlight the incomplete acceptance of interracial marriage in the US.
Researchers analyzed survey data from nearly 5,000 first-year college students and found that those with higher levels of extraversion or agreeableness tend to feel a greater sense of belonging. In contrast, students with greater neuroticism experience lower feelings of belonging.
The Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR) will continue for five years to investigate behaviors, lifestyle, and brain health in Black adults. Researchers hope to identify risk factors and protective measures to reduce disparities in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis among Black Americans.
Researchers found differences in gene expression and cytokines between American Indians, African Americans, and white Americans in colon cancer specimens. These molecular differences may impact the effectiveness of existing colon cancer drugs, particularly for non-white populations.
Researchers develop revised scoring system for National Health Service Clinical Impact Awards to address accessibility concerns and improve distinction between levels of excellence. The new system offers a wider range of scores from 0-10, with clear descriptions, and retains pro rating of award values for part-time consultants.
Despite declining overall US cancer mortality rates, substantial racial disparities persisted for many common cancers, including breast and colorectal cancer. Structural racism, medical mistrust, and health care access inequities contribute to these disparities.
A commonly used cognitive screening tool, MoCA, is found to be inaccurately assessing cognitive impairment in ethnically and linguistically diverse older adults. The study's findings underscore the importance of considering cultural factors when evaluating cognitive performance in traditionally underserved communities.
A new study from the University of Ottawa found that minority candidates, particularly women and LGBTQ2S+, are more likely to be positioned by parties to lose elections. The research highlights the need for political parties to adopt more inclusive nomination processes.
No significant disparities in receipt of general anesthesia were found among laboring patients who had labor epidural catheters in situ across different racial and ethnic groups. The study suggests that prior care disparities may contribute to higher rates of general anesthesia among minority groups.
A study found that patients with breast cancer are more likely to choose distant hospitals for surgery based on factors such as age, ethnicity, and living location. The investigation highlights the potential for healthcare inequalities to worsen if policies do not address these disparities.
A study of 2,709 patients with limited English proficiency found higher sepsis mortality rates among certain racial and ethnic groups. The findings suggest a need for equitable care models to address language-based inequities in healthcare.
A new study from the University of Illinois finds that high-striving minority youth in early adolescence may experience accelerated puberty development, a potential indicator of 'skin-deep resilience,' which can lead to physiological changes such as inflammation and metabolic disorders.
A new study reveals that accelerating sea level rise will exacerbate existing social inequality in coastal areas, with minority populations facing the most severe burdens. Rising sea levels disrupt transportation networks and roads, leading to increased isolation and reduced access to essential services.
A study in the JAMA Network Open found that Hispanic and American Indian individuals with breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer were undercaptured in the National Cancer Database, but representation improved over time. Further investigation is needed to understand where these populations seek cancer care.
A study of 8,000 participants found that negative wealth shock was associated with accelerated cognitive decline and elevated risks of dementia among middle-aged and older U.S. adults. The findings suggest a potential link between financial hardship and cognitive aging.
A systematic review of 120 studies with 14,000 participants revealed underrepresentation of Asian, Black, Hispanic, and Indigenous groups in neonatal clinical trials. Geographic representation was also unevenly distributed, with some US regions underrepresented.
A Learning Health System model is being developed to increase organ donation and reduce disparities in access to transplantation. The project, led by Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, will use data tools to track progress and improve equity in organ donation across the US.
A study found that viewers' perceptions of Facebook users differed from users' self-perceptions, with multimedia views being more accurate than text-only views. The findings highlight the importance of understanding online self-presentation and impression formation.
A new study published in Neurology found that nearly 30% of caregivers for severe stroke patients experience high levels of anxiety, depression, or post-traumatic stress during the first year after hospital discharge. Post-traumatic stress was particularly common among Mexican American caregivers.
A study of 13,000 patients reveals few completed preoperative life-sustaining treatment documentation, with gaps in rates based on patient characteristics. The disparity affects veterans from different racial, ethnic, and rural backgrounds, as well as those with access to high-volume facilities.
A new study examines the impact of public benefit programs on child maltreatment rates across different racial and ethnic groups. The research suggests that these programs may exacerbate existing disparities, with white children facing lower rates of investigation compared to their Black and Hispanic counterparts.
A study of 2,329 Mexican-inspired fast food restaurants in six US locations found that consumers purchase fewer calories at restaurants with calorie labels. Consumers are sensitive to calorie information on menu boards, leading to reduced calorie purchases.
A study of 57,000 adults reveals racial disparities in access to living donor kidney transplants, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing systemic inequalities in transplant programs and centers.
Research highlights the role of racism in producing mental health disparities among Black Americans, calling for community-driven action to reduce inequitable care. The study's findings emphasize the need to address systemic racism as a root cause of poor mental health outcomes.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open analyzed data from 10,000 US adolescents and found a significant increase in e-cigarette use during late pregnancy. However, the study revealed no statistically significant association between e-cigarette use and an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age birth among adolescents.
Black patients in integrated communities experience greatest benefits from PCI-CF openings, including a five times greater likelihood of receiving same-day PCI. Segregation is associated with poorer outcomes for racial minority groups.
Researchers found that UK White and minority ethnic medical students have varying academic achievement gaps depending on their individual ethnicity and medical school attended. Minority ethnic students are more likely to be male, from deprived backgrounds, and achieve lower UK Foundation Programme scores compared to their White peers.
A recent study published in JNCCN found that patients from underrepresented groups treated with first-line immunotherapy for advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) showed similar survival outcomes as their White counterparts. The study analyzed data from 248 patients and highlighted the need for more diverse patient representation...
This study reveals racial and ethnic differences in hospice use, with Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black individuals having lower odds of receiving hospice care. Hispanic individuals had the highest odds of a short hospice stay, highlighting potential barriers to access and acceptance among low-income populations.
A study of 562,000 women with endometrial, ovarian, or cervical cancer reveals racial and ethnic disparities in clinical trial enrollment. Underrepresented groups face significant barriers to participation, highlighting the need for continued efforts to address these disparities.