Articles tagged with Ethnicity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study by Penn researchers finds that healthcare algorithms can have a nuanced impact on racial and ethnic disparities, sometimes reducing disparities but also affecting other outcomes. The research team identified strategies to mitigate disparities, including adding non-race variables and using diverse data sets.
A study published in JAMA found that Black candidates have lower heart offer acceptance rates compared to white candidates of the same gender, while women have higher acceptance rates than men. These disparities persist after adjusting for various factors, highlighting the need for further investigation into site-level decision-making.
Black and Hispanic individuals received fewer telemedicine visits than white individuals after controlling for geographic region, contrary to national trends. The study suggests systemic inequalities in access to telemedicine care exist despite increased use during the pandemic.
Long-term BMI variability was a significant risk marker for adverse cardiovascular events, independent of mean BMI, across major racial and ethnic groups. The study's findings have implications for the phenotype of high BMI variability and potential preventive measures.
A study by Washington State University researchers found that people living outside urban areas and those of Native American and Hispanic descent face longer travel distances to see neurologists. This can result in delayed diagnoses, higher costs, and reduced quality of life for dementia patients.
Medicare expenditures were higher for Black and Hispanic individuals compared to whites, with average total costs ranging from $136,326 to $165,730. The analysis attributed these differences to greater use of high-cost care during the last year of life.
A new study published in the journal Stroke found that African American veterans with PTSD had a significantly higher risk of re-hospitalization after a stroke compared to those without PTSD. This was not observed among white veterans. The study highlights the importance of targeted care for high-risk populations and reducing modifiabl...
The Child Opportunity Index 3.0 finds significant inequities in opportunity for children of different races and ethnicities in US metros, with White kids living in high-opportunity neighborhoods and Black and Hispanic children facing large gaps. The index ranks neighborhoods by a Child Opportunity Score ranging from 1-100.
A new study shows that hospitals struggle to consistently collect accurate racial and ethnicity data from patients who visit their emergency department multiple times. The findings suggest that nearly a quarter of adult patients and up to 32% of children receive different race or ethnicity designations on subsequent visits, indicating ...
A study of 15,000 preterm infants reveals racial disparities in care treatment, with Black and Hispanic infants receiving less intensive care. The findings highlight the need to address social determinants of health and improve healthcare access for all infants.
A 20-year analysis found that calcium and vitamin D supplements reduced cancer mortality by 7%, but increased cardiovascular disease mortality by 6% in postmenopausal women. The study suggested that cancer incidence depends on pre-supplementation status, while CVD mortality is higher among supplement users.
A qualitative study of 25 Black patient interviews reveals significant medical mistrust and anticipation of racism in emergency care. The study suggests system improvements are needed to address these issues and improve health outcomes for Black patients.
A team of NYGC researchers, led by Dr. Melissa Davis, has received a $25M grant to study cancer inequities in diverse populations. They aim to analyze genomic data from participants with African ancestry to identify factors contributing to disparities in cancer outcomes.
A new study published in Neurology found significant racial disparities in the evaluation and prescription of genetic testing among patients with neurologic conditions. Black patients were half as likely to be evaluated for genetic testing as white patients, despite having similar levels of office visits before evaluation.
A substantial percentage of American Indian or Alaska Native and Black US adults reported living with loaded and unlocked firearms, frequent carry outside the home, and gun violence exposure. This highlights the need for nuanced public health campaigns and policies addressing racial disparities and changing legal frameworks.
A large-scale study has found a significant link between smoking and DNA methylation, with two new epigenetic markers identified that differ by race or ethnicity. The research could lead to better ways to predict smoking-related disease risk and improve early detection and treatment.
A new study found that a widely used prostate cancer test may leave black men at increased risk of overdiagnosis due to naturally higher PSA levels. The study analyzed patient records of 730,000 men and found that black men were more likely to receive a diagnosis of prostate cancer after a raised PSA test result.
A study of 34,500 patients found racial and ethnic disparities in locally advanced rectal cancer treatment outcomes may be influenced by unidentified biological or social factors. Non-Hispanic Black patients were more likely to experience poorer outcomes.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that socioeconomic status consistently underlies other factors affecting opportunities for girls to participate in sports. Higher family socioeconomic status increased the likelihood of girls playing most sports, while lower-income schools had a negative impact on participation rates.
A comprehensive study found pulse oximeters significantly overestimated oxygen saturation readings in individuals with darker skin tones. This could lead to missed treatments and incorrect diagnoses, as devices may not accurately reflect critical oxygen levels.
A new study finds that everyday discrimination can drive unhealthy coping behaviors like smoking, leading to increased heart disease risk. Research highlights the importance of considering multiple identities when studying health disparities and creating interventions.
Researchers have identified 13 strategies to advance racial and ethnic equity in the academic health sciences. The 'roadmap' aims to create more diverse and equitable graduate health programs.
A UK study published in Anaesthesia found that black children are at a significantly higher risk of postoperative complications following emergency appendicitis surgery, with a four-fold greater risk compared to white children. The study also identified other risk factors for complications, including pre-existing medical conditions and...
The study reveals a significant prevalence of refractive error in African American adults, affecting their quality of life and work productivity. Providing universal vision care coverage can reduce this burden by over two-thirds, improving lives and increasing economic opportunities.
A large, diverse genetic study identified novel genetic locations associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. The study implicated vascular and cancer-related genes in POAG risk, with 20% of associated genes related to primary cilia.
Researchers found that Inuit residents in Nunavik had shorter survival rates for lung cancer compared to Montreal residents, despite similar disease stages. The study attributes this disparity to chronic under-resourcing of healthcare services and lack of Inuit representation in healthcare provision.
A new study found that Hispanic patients with moderate to severe ARDS were more likely to be deeply sedated while on a ventilator, spending nearly 75% of their days in deep sedation. This disparity may be driven by factors such as language barriers, cultural differences, and implicit bias in clinical decision making.
A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found a causal link between government policies and mental health decline in people with Black Caribbean heritage. The research team analyzed data from over 58,000 participants and found an increase in psychological distress after the 2014 Immigration Act and the Windrush scandal.
Youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities face higher risk for foster care involvement, particularly among Black and female populations. The study highlights the urgent need for system-level interventions to address these disparities.
A recent analysis found that Black women in the USA have significantly higher homicide rates compared to their White peers, with disparities increasing from 1999 to 2020. Gun deaths among Black and White women also increased, with Black women being more likely to be killed by firearms.
A study found that people from ethnic minorities show clearer signs of depression and lower adaptability on average. The researchers also discovered correlations between area poverty levels and the proportion of ethnic minorities exhibiting these traits.
A study found that white actors are still overrepresented on American film posters, with Black and Asian actors gaining ground in recent years. The research suggests that non-white actors tend to appear in minor roles or films related to their ethnicity.
Researchers developed a novel approach to measuring community personality and found that people in like-minded communities tend to be happier, healthier, and more highly achieving. Communities differ significantly in terms of personality traits, with some counties having high proportions of open-minded or conscientious individuals.
The study analyzed over 1 million stroke patients and found that the Target: Stroke quality initiative led to increased thrombolysis frequency, timeliness, and improved outcomes across all racial and ethnic groups. However, disparities persisted, highlighting the need for further interventions.
The American Heart Association's PREVENT risk calculator will be evaluated among diverse populations to assess its accuracy and fairness. The research aims to ensure that the tool provides accurate risk predictions for people from various racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
A new study finds that non-white victims of violence and suicide in the US lose more potential years of life due to lethal violence, with socioeconomic factors and access to firearms playing a role. The study suggests addressing these disparities through community resources and improving access to healthcare.
The Medical University of South Carolina will be one of four sites exploring the genetic basis of Parkinson’s disease in the Black community. The study, known as BLAAC PD, aims to genotype over 150,000 people worldwide and develop targeted treatments for this subtype of PD.
A recent study found that Black adults exposed to gun violence were more likely to experience lifetime suicidal ideation and behavior. The research highlights the need for public health efforts to reduce both gun violence and suicide among this vulnerable population.
A study of emergency department visits reveals that most injuries from conducted energy devices, such as TASERs, involve young Black and white males from low-income areas. This finding is consistent with existing research on police violence and racial disparities in the US population.
Officer-involved killings of unarmed Black individuals worsened sleep duration among Black respondents, while no adverse effects were found for white respondents. The study highlights the role of structural racism in shaping racial disparities in sleep health.
A meta-analysis of New Jersey clinical trials from 2017 to 2022 reveals an uptick in diversity among trial participants, with 97% reporting on race and/or ethnicity. Despite this progress, there is still work to be done to match U.S. Census demographics, but the study suggests recent efforts are having a positive impact.
New research finds that Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) individuals experience greater negative impacts on their health status, activity levels, and ability to work after COVID-19 infection compared to white participants. The study highlights the need for equitable health interventions for underserved populations.
Research at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that social inequity contributes to lower use of epidural analgesia among non-Hispanic White and African American women. In counties with high social inequity, labor neuraxial analgesia was used by 72% of African American women, compared to 78% in low-equality counties.
A study at Lake Okeechobee found that a faith-based approach increased ADRD diagnoses from 0.9% to 24.3%, with 55.3% of participants receiving referrals for further testing and treatment.
A study of 57,000 US adults found that lower levels of food security are associated with a higher risk of premature mortality and shorter life expectancy. The findings highlight the potential importance of improving food security in promoting population health and reducing health disparities.
A study of Medicare patients in 2022 revealed disparities in COVID-19 therapy access based on patient age, race and ethnicity, Medicaid eligibility, and nursing home residence. Higher-risk individuals received COVID-19 therapy less often than those with lower risk factors.
Gaps in vision screening pathways disproportionately affect historically marginalized groups, leading to poor outcomes and inadequate care. The study highlights the need for improved strategies to address these disparities.
A study found that interracial marriages result in lower wages for white males and higher wages for Black males compared to their same-sex and same-race counterparts. In states where marriage was less accepted, the penalties were more pronounced. The findings highlight the incomplete acceptance of interracial marriage in the US.
A new study reveals significant disparities in dementia care among minoritized racial and ethnic populations, including delayed diagnoses and inadequate treatment. The researchers highlight the importance of granular data collection to address these disparities and promote health equity.
A study found that most people in Britain and the USA choose white men as their heroes, with women and people of color often being overlooked. Only 1 in 4 Britons and 1 in 5 Americans said they had a heroine, highlighting a persistent gap between prominent white male heroes and forgotten heroines.
Researchers found differences in gene expression and cytokines between American Indians, African Americans, and white Americans in colon cancer specimens. These molecular differences may impact the effectiveness of existing colon cancer drugs, particularly for non-white populations.
Researchers analyzed survey data from nearly 5,000 first-year college students and found that those with higher levels of extraversion or agreeableness tend to feel a greater sense of belonging. In contrast, students with greater neuroticism experience lower feelings of belonging.
The Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (STAR) will continue for five years to investigate behaviors, lifestyle, and brain health in Black adults. Researchers hope to identify risk factors and protective measures to reduce disparities in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis among Black Americans.
Researchers develop revised scoring system for National Health Service Clinical Impact Awards to address accessibility concerns and improve distinction between levels of excellence. The new system offers a wider range of scores from 0-10, with clear descriptions, and retains pro rating of award values for part-time consultants.
Despite declining overall US cancer mortality rates, substantial racial disparities persisted for many common cancers, including breast and colorectal cancer. Structural racism, medical mistrust, and health care access inequities contribute to these disparities.
A commonly used cognitive screening tool, MoCA, is found to be inaccurately assessing cognitive impairment in ethnically and linguistically diverse older adults. The study's findings underscore the importance of considering cultural factors when evaluating cognitive performance in traditionally underserved communities.
A new study from the University of Ottawa found that minority candidates, particularly women and LGBTQ2S+, are more likely to be positioned by parties to lose elections. The research highlights the need for political parties to adopt more inclusive nomination processes.
No significant disparities in receipt of general anesthesia were found among laboring patients who had labor epidural catheters in situ across different racial and ethnic groups. The study suggests that prior care disparities may contribute to higher rates of general anesthesia among minority groups.
A study found that patients with breast cancer are more likely to choose distant hospitals for surgery based on factors such as age, ethnicity, and living location. The investigation highlights the potential for healthcare inequalities to worsen if policies do not address these disparities.
A study of 2,709 patients with limited English proficiency found higher sepsis mortality rates among certain racial and ethnic groups. The findings suggest a need for equitable care models to address language-based inequities in healthcare.