Articles tagged with Ethnicity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new report by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine offers key findings on reducing health inequities and improving healthcare outcomes for marginalized communities. The report highlights complex interactions driving inequality and recommends community-based approaches to address these disparities.
A new German study reveals widespread grading bias based on gender, ethnicity, social origin, and body size, with minority students and those with higher BMIs receiving lower grades. The study used data from over 14,000 ninth graders, showing that biases stack up against students with multiple intersectional identities.
A study found that pay-for-performance incentives increased home dialysis use and kidney transplant rates. The End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Choices model did not associate these outcomes with changes in racial or socioeconomic disparities.
A study analyzing data from 6,010 English practices between 2018 and 2022 found that the national average dropped from 29.3% to 19% of patients able to see a preferred doctor. Practices with more doctors and higher same-day appointment rates showed slower declines in continuity.
The revised standards capture a broader range of communities, enabling more precise data collection and analysis to identify and address health disparities. This shift has significant implications for policy and practice, with the potential to direct resources towards communities facing the greatest health challenges.
The USPSTF recommends providing or referring children and adolescents with a high body mass index (BMI) to comprehensive behavioral interventions. Approximately 19.7% of US children aged 2-19 have a BMI at or above the 95th percentile, with higher prevalence among Hispanic/Latino, Native American/Alaska Native, and lower-income families.
A new index reveals that election administration performance varies widely among counties, with lower-performing areas often having greater numbers of low-income people and racial minorities. The study found that urban areas tended to rank lowest on the index, while more affluent counties performed better.
Research reveals diverse impacts of anxiety, depression, and discrimination on substance use among young adults, with varying effects by race or ethnicity. The study suggests that everyday discrimination is associated with increased likelihood of substance use in all product forms.
A cohort study found that neighborhood deprivation is associated with increased breast cancer mortality in non-Hispanic white women, but not in non-Hispanic Black women. Factors beyond those explored may contribute to the disparity in breast cancer mortality among Black women.
Researchers have discovered a better way to identify those at high risk of potential heart attacks and strokes by adding genetic information to health checks. The study found that combining clinical risk scores with polygenic risk scores significantly improves identification rates, especially among younger people.
A recent study found a disproportionate increase in pregnancy-associated deaths across diverse ethnic/racial groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study revealed that certain groups, such as Hispanic and Black women, faced higher risks of death from non-obstetric causes like substance abuse and intimate partner violence.
Using three definitions of iron deficiency, researchers found significant variations in prevalence rates among women in the US and Canada. Higher serum ferritin thresholds led to a greater diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency, resulting in reduced morbidity.
A cohort study found lower moderate to vigorous physical activity levels linked to increased cardiovascular disease or mortality in normoglycemic Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults. Adults with prediabetes may gain from reducing sedentary behavior and improving lifestyle factors beyond exercise alone
Low-income Black and Hispanic stroke survivors with uncontrolled hypertension experienced a more than two-fold reduction in blood pressure when tracked at home and sent readings to a nurse. Nurse case management enhanced telehealth programs showed significant benefits for this vulnerable population.
A study of over 24,000 people found that mixed social networks with diverse friends improve social cohesion and personal well-being. People with heterogeneous friend groups reported higher levels of social cohesion within their neighborhoods, closely associated with increased life satisfaction.
A study found that mass incarceration contributes to social disorganization and increased firearm homicides among Black communities in Chicago. Targeted policies addressing mass incarceration may help reduce urban firearm violence.
A new study by ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group aimed to address disparities in breast cancer care for Black patients. The trial found that tailoring research to the needs of underserved groups is effective, with docetaxel showing lower rates of peripheral neuropathy and dose reductions compared to paclitaxel.
A quality improvement analysis found that many US residents live within 30 miles of a clinical trial site, highlighting disparities in access. The study highlights concerns about equity and fairness in healthcare resource distribution, particularly for marginalized communities.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that Black and Hispanic people were twice as likely to lose Medicaid coverage due to inability to complete the renewal process. Researchers call for improved Medicaid enrollment processes to reduce health disparities.
A Swiss research team surveyed 400 Portuguese immigrants to understand how their desire for citizenship influences their attachment to home and host cultures. The findings suggest that acquiring citizenship can lead to a decrease in attachment to the immigrant's original group, while increasing identification with the host culture.
Residents of all races are more likely to sustain injuries if they live in economically under-resourced areas, but rates decrease with greater racial diversity. Injuries also increase in disadvantaged communities across all three regions of Illinois.
A study of 2,814 men found that cardiovascular health in older age was worse for fathers compared to nonfathers, despite lower death rates. Fathers may have a more robust social support system and lower rates of depressive symptoms contributing to these findings.
A study found that professional interpreters and respectful relationships between parents and medical staff improve trust and quality care. Parents desire active listening, collaboration, and consideration of their children's religious, spiritual, and cultural needs to build trust and receive comprehensive care.
Aggregating patients by broad racial or ethnic groups creates risks for clinical care and research. Recognizing the heterogeneity of lived experiences among LHS populations in healthcare is essential for equitable outcomes.
A study presented at ASCO highlights biases reported by female cancer physicians, including racial and ethnic discrimination. The researchers emphasize the importance of representation and diversity in overcoming these issues.
A new study found that using race-neutral equations for lung function test interpretation accurately predicted risk of death and COPD flare-ups, especially for African Americans. The study suggests reclassifications can allow those most in need to gain eligibility for specialized treatments like lung transplant.
A cross-sectional study reveals racial and ethnic disparities in treatment delays and discontinuations among patients with SARS-CoV-2, leading to increased cancer mortality among minoritized adults. The disproportionate burden varied across SARS-CoV-2 waves.
Research found that race-neutral spirometry equations tend to decrease severity for white patients and increase severity for Black patients, leading to higher enrollment rates of Black patients in COPD clinical trials. This shift resulted in more Black subjects meeting typical inclusion criteria, while fewer white subjects were eligible.
The V142I transthyretin variant is associated with substantial risk for heart failure hospitalization and death in Black individuals, particularly those with reduced ejection fraction. Further investigation into the complex interplay between the variant, ancestry, social determinants of health, and biological factors is warranted.
A research team at Kyoto University found that interactive AI programs can reduce prejudice and anxiety among historically divided ethnic groups in Afghanistan during online interactions. Participants in the AI intervention group showed more engagement and significantly less prejudice and anxiety compared to the control group.
A cross-sectional study found racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer treatment declination and overall survival. The study suggests that patient education on treatment benefits and improved communication between patients and clinicians can help reduce disparities and improve patient outcomes.
Almost 90% of U.S. adults met criteria for cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic syndrome (CKM) stage 1 or higher, with 15% meeting advanced stage criteria that did not improve between 2011 and 2020. Advanced stages were associated with increased risk among older age, men, and Black adults.
Between 2011 and 2021, more than 320,000 US children lost a parent due to drug overdose. The study highlights significant racial and ethnic disparities in the impact of parental loss on families and children.
A University of Kansas scholar proposes examining anti-Black aggressions in educational research to better understand the unique experiences of Black students. This approach would allow researchers to honor the original spirit of microaggression theory and ask direct questions about the Black experience in American education.
Black and Hispanic patients with atrial fibrillation were less likely to initiate direct oral anticoagulants at study onset, but these disparities narrowed over time. The study highlights the need to address unequal access to novel therapies for Black and Hispanic populations.
A recent study reveals significant racial and ethnic disparities in all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US youth. The findings highlight a disproportionate burden of mortality among American Indian or Alaska Native and Black youth, particularly those involving firearms.
The prevalence of lung cancer mutations varies significantly across different ethnic groups in Latin America, highlighting the need for region-specific medical interventions. Enhancing molecular diagnostic and research efforts is crucial for effective management of cancer in this population.
A study found that US state abortion bans primarily impact American Indian and Black female populations of reproductive age. These policies concentrate in regions with higher proportions of these groups, leading to unequal access to reproductive healthcare.
This cross-sectional study investigates differences in cardiovascular health metrics among diverse populations. It reveals significant disparities in cardiovascular health at the intersection of race, ethnicity, and sexual identity.
The American Heart Association has funded four new grants to evaluate the use of race in predicting heart disease risk and develop unbiased clinical algorithms. The research projects will test various risk models to remove racial bias from care decisions, improving patient outcomes.
A recent study by UNC Greensboro's Dr. Tsz Lun Chu found that Black female athletes reported the most positive perceptions of coaching climates and satisfaction with psychological needs compared to other race by gender subgroups. Coaches can play a key role in supporting student-athletes' continued participation, and a nuanced approach...
A study of 26,000 US participants found that both individual- and area-level social determinants contribute to cardiovascular disease risk. The findings suggest that these factors should be considered in future risk assessment tools, especially for Black individuals.
A study by Mount Sinai researchers has identified several pathophysiological mechanisms underlying perianal fistulae in Crohn’s disease. The findings highlight key transcription factor binding events and epigenetic phenomena that contribute to the higher rates of complications in African American patients. The research provides avenues...
A recent study by the University of California - Davis Health found that racial and social barriers significantly impact access to autoHCT, a key bone marrow transplant treatment for multiple myeloma. Despite having higher rates of cancer development compared to other groups, Black patients received lower proportions of the transplant ...
A study of 322 participants found racial discrimination to predispose Black young adults to metabolic syndrome through sleep issues and chronic inflammation. This discovery could inform targeted prevention strategies to address existing health disparities in minority populations.
A study by the University of Gothenburg found that women with triple-negative breast cancer and high immune cell levels have a lower relapse risk after surgery. This suggests that these patients may not need chemotherapy, despite having faster-growing tumors and higher relapse rates than other breast cancers.
A study found that women in London trust the police less than anywhere else in the UK, with a significant trust gap among ethnic minorities. The Met's poor recruitment, vetting, and management practices have been cited as contributing factors to this issue.
Researchers found that individuals from certain racial and ethnic groups are less likely to be eligible for Alzheimer's disease clinical trials due to lower amyloid levels at early stages of the disease. Amyloid buildup in the brain varies across different populations, contributing to underrepresentation in clinical trials.
A systematic review found a lack of reporting on ethnicity and underrepresentation of ethnic minority groups in MLTC intervention studies. Ethnic minorities are more likely to experience higher levels of socioeconomic deprivation, which contributes to the development of MLTCs.
A new study from the Keck School of Medicine of USC found that genome-wide association studies' imputation technique works better for European, African American, and Latino groups than others. The researchers evaluated over 100 global populations, finding that imputation is less reliable for those farther away from Europe.
A study of health care personnel reveals delayed COVID-19 testing was more common among non-Hispanic Black HCP and those with other racial backgrounds compared to non-Hispanic white HCP with graduate degrees. The findings highlight sociodemographic disparities in the response to COVID-19.
A new study by UCLA Health found that middle-aged Black Americans had the highest mortality rates from suicide, drug overdose, and alcoholic liver disease in 2022. Native Americans had the highest combined death rate from these causes over nearly two decades.
Midlife mortality rates for deaths of despair, including suicide, overdose, and liver disease, vary by race and ethnicity, with higher rates among Black and American Indian/Alaska Native populations. Early mortality from drug- and alcohol-related causes contributes to these disparities.
A telephone-based strategy improved guideline-directed medical therapy rates for outpatients with heart failure by 30 days, offering a low-cost solution for rural settings with limited access to care. This study suggests the potential for expanded remote healthcare initiatives to address health disparities.
A multicentre observational study found socioeconomic and ethnic disparities in access to cochlear implantation among UK adults. Men, those living in deprived areas, and Asian/Black individuals were less likely to be referred for the procedure, highlighting disparities in healthcare access.
A survey study found that one-third of surgical residents reported lacking meaningful mentorship, with non-white or Hispanic trainees disproportionately affected. The study emphasizes the need for efforts to facilitate mentorship and improve education and wellness outcomes for all residents.
Research highlights socioecologic factors contributing to racial disparities in breast cancer prognostic scores, emphasizing the impact of structural racism on health outcomes. Additional research is needed to better understand the influence of social determinants on breast cancer biology among disadvantaged communities.
The study reveals that smartphone-based cognitive assessments can provide reliable and valid results for diagnosing frontotemporal lobar degeneration. These findings suggest a scalable solution for remote evaluations, which may enhance early detection.
A cohort study of 64,000 Americans found that nearly 80% consumed excessive sodium, associated with 10-30% increase in cardiovascular disease mortality. Public health programs targeting reduced sodium intake may be beneficial for this underserved population.
A recent Johns Hopkins Children's Center study reveals a significant negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth minority mental health. The research found increased rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts among adolescents in racial and ethnic minorities, with Black females showing a 90.2% increase in suicidal thoughts.