Morgan's research focuses on the exploitation of enslaved women, highlighting their role in the economic foundations of slavery. Her work deepens understanding of the intertwined issues of racism, capitalism, and gender in early America.
The U.S. Department of Energy has selected Kate Petersen Mace as the project director for the High Performance Data Facility (HPDF), a first-of-its-kind project providing resources for data-intensive science. Mace will lead the team in developing transformational capabilities to serve the DOE community.
Researchers at Texas Biomedical Institute have developed a TB therapy that does not interfere with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in patients with HIV. The host-directed therapy blocks an immune system protein and has shown improved control of TB when used with antibiotics.
For the first time, researchers have demonstrated how mechanical forces affect gene expression by showing that RNAP polymerase remains on the DNA template and can be pulled to start a subsequent cycle of transcription. This force-directed recycling mechanism can change the relative abundance of adjacent genes.
A Southwest Research Institute-led team has detected carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide on Charon's surface, revealing insights into the moon's geological processes and formation. The presence of these substances suggests that Charon's surface is altered by solar ultraviolet light and energetic particles.
Researchers developed a detector that senses and analyzes antineutrinos emitted by nuclear reactors, enabling detection of reactor use even from hundreds of miles away. The device exploits Cherenkov radiation to characterize energy profiles and can distinguish between operational cycles and specific isotopes in spent fuel.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital studied the structure of Fanzor2, a eukaryotic genome-editing protein, to understand its potential for gene editing. The findings reveal that Fanzor2 has a unique RNA-guided nuclease system, which could be harnessed to create more functional and smaller proteins.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute have made a groundbreaking discovery in chiral materials, enabling the creation of orbital electronics. The study reveals that certain materials naturally possess orbital angular momentum monopoles, which can be harnessed for memory devices and other applications.
A study by Osaka Metropolitan University found that ChatGPT's diagnostic performance for brain tumors was comparable to that of neuroradiologists, with an accuracy rate of 73%. The model's performance varied depending on the type of clinical report written, with higher accuracy when using reports from neuroradiologist writers.
Researchers have developed a sustainable synthesis route for covalent organic frameworks (COFs) that can capture carbon dioxide (CO2) efficiently. The frameworks are stable in water and electrolytes, making them suitable for waste gas cleaning and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers from University of Texas at Arlington have identified 206 systems of interest for potential habitability, including one system where the planet is always situated in the HZ. The team analyzed data from NASA Exoplanet Archive and found F-type stars to be a promising case for life beyond Earth.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh discover that deep brain stimulation instantly improves arm and hand strength and function weakened by traumatic brain injury or stroke. The therapy stimulates the motor thalamus, a key relay hub of movement control, and significantly improves activation of muscles and grip force.
Researchers at Tampere University have observed hidden deformations in complex light fields for the first time. These deformations carry significant information about the object, such as its material properties. The study has implications for measuring material properties with structured waves and will inspire new optical technologies.
Researchers developed a heat-adjusting material inspired by squid skin, allowing for user-adjusted warmth and breathability. The fabric is breathable, washable, and can be integrated into flexible clothing, making it suitable for cold weather applications.
A pre-registered experiment found that seven nudges aimed at reducing hateful speech online had no effect, but unexpectedly increased engagement with harmless posts. The study recruited over 4,000 Americans and showed participants one of the nudges before engaging with a website featuring varied content.
Researchers create synthetic sourdough communities with varying acetic acid bacteria strains to study their effects on flavor formation. The study reveals high variation in metabolites even among closely related strains, offering new insights for bread makers to shape sourdough flavor and texture.
A new study reveals that climate experts believe the Earth is headed for a rise in global temperatures far higher than the 2015 Paris Agreement targets. Two-thirds of respondents think we may succeed in achieving net zero CO2 emissions during the second half of this century, indicating some optimism about mitigation efforts.
A study by researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center found that high levels of specific antibodies in breast milk provide protection against rotavirus, a common gastrointestinal disease. The findings highlight the importance of optimized breastfeeding practices to improve infant health globally.
Researchers have elucidated the structures of GLUT9 and URAT1 transporters at high resolution, highlighting their substrate preferences and interactions with inhibitors. The findings provide an excellent starting point for developing targeted therapies for hyperuricemia and gout.
Researchers at Baylor University found that coyotes possess a well-developed muscle for raising their inner eyebrow, similar to dogs, contradicting the idea that this feature evolved specifically during domestication. The study suggests that 'puppy dog eyes' may be an ancestral trait shared by multiple species in the Canis genus.
Researchers have developed a low-coherence Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry system that overcomes spatial resolution and measurement range trade-offs. The new method uses periodic pseudo-random modulation, achieving accurate distributed strain measurements without a variable delay line.
Researchers have made a promising breakthrough in understanding the origins of mirror movements disorder by identifying the cellular mechanism behind the condition. A defect in axon guidance is revealed to be the underlying cause of the disorder, which can lead to difficulties in performing tasks requiring left-right coordination.
A new epigenetic clock based on cheek cells accurately predicts mortality risk, outperforming previous clocks trained on blood data. The study found that specific methylation sites are linked to human mortality, and future research is needed to identify associations with age-related diseases.
A retrospective analysis of over 2,600 patients found that Black children were more likely to suffer severe graft-versus-host disease but overall survival rates improved across all racial groups. The study suggests that cord blood transplants are a vital lifeline for many patients and improve care for those without a matched donor.
Researchers have discovered large underwater ice formations at the edge of the Canadian Beaufort Sea, revealing an unanticipated mechanism for submarine permafrost ice formation. The newly formed ice is created by melting ancient permafrost and refreezing as brackish groundwater approaches the seafloor.
A study by the University of Córdoba found that 98% of women in Spain experience street harassment, with 80% reporting monthly incidents. The research highlights the impact on women's psychological well-being, including increased anxiety and fear of rape, as well as self-esteem drops.
In Dominica, Hurricane Maria killed most Purple-throated caribs, allowing other birds to pollinate heliconia plants. Researchers found that specialized pollination systems can become generalized after natural disturbances, showing resilience in ecosystems.
Materials scientists at Stanford employed a novel electron microscopic technique to study the structural microstructure and electrochemical properties of organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors, revealing how they maintain electronic functionality despite swelling by up to 300%.
The BICAN Rapid Release Inventory provides early access to single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic profiles from humans and other mammalian species. This open data release aims to accelerate discoveries in neuroscience by facilitating collaboration and data reuse among researchers.
Researchers used accelerometers to observe the movement and behavior of green turtle hatchlings as they emerge from their nests. The findings show that hatchlings maintain a head-up orientation and move vertically through the sand by rocking forwards and backwards.
Researchers propose reevaluating nomenclature for low-grade prostate cancer, a condition that rarely metastasizes or causes symptoms. This shift aims to balance detection with treatment to reduce harms of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
A mathematical model suggests vaccinating children and teens against the flu can protect the elderly in tropical countries. Vaccination strategies focus on age-specific groups, with a particular emphasis on protecting older adults when vaccine supplies are limited.
Researchers found that individual PFAS have relatively low cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity levels, but the chemicals act together to make mixtures toxic. PFOA and PFOS were found to be major contributors to mixture toxicity.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have imaged the structure of RSV proteins, which are crucial for the virus's interaction with host cells. The images reveal that pairs of F proteins may be a key target for destabilizing the virus and preventing infection.
Two populations of the same wild species, Brassica fruticulosa, have evolved differently under similar environmental conditions, revealing distinct adaptation strategies to soil salinity. The study identifies two adaptive responses, one involving sodium restriction and the other through efficient osmotic adjustment mechanisms.
A new study published in Scientific Reports reveals the importance of foot movement in early infant development and interaction. By using machine and deep learning techniques, researchers found that AI can accurately classify five-second clips of 3D infant movements, with foot movements showing the highest accuracy rates.
A decade-long analysis of wildlife rescue records in NSW reveals a bias towards larger reptiles, with two species accounting for almost two-thirds of all rescues. Human behavior and environment play significant roles in shaping these interactions.
A study analyzing 1.6 million social media posts found that Ukrainian solidarity posts received significantly more online engagement than derogatory posts about Russia. After the invasion, posts celebrating unity gained a 92% increase on Facebook and a 68% increase on Twitter.
Researchers found that humans slow their speech when talking to dogs to match the pets' receptive abilities, allowing for better understanding of commands. The study also revealed that dogs respond well to slower tempos and prosody in human speech.
A large proportion of gene variants previously classified as 'variants of uncertain significance' (VUS) have been reclassified as benign, according to a study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics. This reduces the total number of VUS by 37%, providing relief for carriers worldwide.
Researchers created the largest atlas of how tumor architecture changes in response to immune checkpoint therapy. The study found that multiple T cells recognize different neoantigens, altering the tumor ecosystem, and challenged prevailing theories on immunotherapy.
Scientists at German Cancer Research Center developed a convoy of millimeter-sized robots to transport heavy surgical instruments. The robotic unit successfully performed an electric surgical procedure on a bile duct obstruction experimentally.
A new spatio-temporal fusion method called RES-STF combines VIIRS LST and Landsat LST data to create high-resolution images with both spatial and temporal details. This approach offers improved accuracy and robustness compared to traditional methods, providing critical data for studying urban heat environment changes and guiding agricu...
A nationwide study found that Australians are buying too many clothes and need guidance on responsible disposal. The study revealed that age was the most significant factor in determining consumer clothing practices, with younger generations more likely to buy second-hand and repair clothes.
A new study reveals that bais, vast treeless clearings in the Congo Basin, are home to numerous endangered species, including Western lowland gorillas and African forest elephants. The researchers found over 2,000 distinct bais, covering less than 0.2% of the national park's landscape.
A systematic review of 40 studies found associations between outdoor air pollution and differences in children's brain volumes, connections, and markers for Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that even low-level pollution can impact brain development, highlighting the need for policy changes to reduce exposure.
The 'MiCCrobioTAckle' project investigates the complex interactions between the gut microbiome and tumor cachexia to find ways of slowing down muscle breakdown. Twelve doctoral researchers from twelve countries will work together across Europe, gaining new insights into the relationship between the gut microbiome and cancer cachexia.
Researchers estimate that 7% of hospital patients receiving general medical care experience harmful diagnostic errors, most of which are preventable. The study suggests new approaches to surveillance and integrating AI tools into the workflow can minimize their prevalence.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham uncover key regulators of malaria parasites' cell division, revealing NEK1 as a potential drug target. The study aims to find new therapeutic targets for controlling malaria transmission.
Researchers developed an AI-driven approach to model complex hand movements, overcoming current limitations in neuroscience and biomedical engineering. The model achieved a 100% success rate in controlling virtual Baoding balls, showcasing its strength in various challenging situations.
A new technology developed by Dr. Jaeyeon Pyo's team uses light to visualize nanoscale glass microcapillary tips, allowing precise and delicate contact with other objects. The method, which surpasses the resolution limits of optical microscopes, is a remarkable achievement in biotechnology and manufacturing.
The new report finds breast cancer mortality rates overall have dropped by 44% since 1989, averting approximately 517,900 breast cancer deaths. However, the incidence of breast cancer has continued to rise, with a 1% annual increase from 2012-2021.
The study reveals high levels of potentially pathogenic bacteria in microplastics and fish consumed by the local population, threatening the entire natural ecosystem and human health. The Cénaga Grande de Santa Marta, a shallow lake ecosystem, is also home to numerous bacterial species that can cause infections, including Vibrio cholerae.
Researchers have developed a new model of the electric double layer, accounting for various ion-electrode interactions. The model predicts a device's ability to store electric charge and aligns with experimental results.
A study by University of Edinburgh researchers suggests that high installation costs for heat pumps are slowing widespread adoption in the UK. Despite projections of cost reductions, the actual savings are unlikely to meet government targets.
A recent study by Washington State University researchers found that women are more inclined to purchase wine with labels featuring feminine gender cues. The study's lead author noted that winemakers may want to pay attention to the perceptions of this understudied group, which represents 59% of U.S. wine consumers.
A new INSEAD study finds that the #MeToo movement led to a significant decrease in demand for high-heeled shoes and stockouts of stereotypically feminine products. The researchers surveyed over 1,000 women in the US and found a rebellion against traditional gender stereotypes drove this shift.
Researchers identify a plausible geological environment where nucleic acids can replicate and potentially lead to life. The study reveals a circular fluid flow at the gas-water interface drives strand separation, allowing replication to occur.
The American College of Chest Physicians has released a new clinical guideline on endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) specimen processing and handling to standardize the process. The guidelines aim to improve diagnostic yield and specimen preservation for downstream ancillary testing.
Researchers at McMaster University have identified a critical vulnerability in metastatic brain cancer that can be exploited with new drugs. By targeting an enzyme called IMPDH, they anticipate preventing brain metastasis from occurring. The study has shown promising results and could lead to an alternative treatment option for patients
Researchers studied the 4.8-magnitude Tewksbury earthquake, which surprised millions with its strong shaking reports despite minimal damage near the epicenter. The study found that the rupture direction may have funneled the shaking away from the epicenter and toward the northeast.
A new study reveals that Brazil's democracy has been weakened by authoritarian populism, which has undermined welfare systems and human rights protections. This has created an exclusionary view of citizenship and intensified social conflicts, posing a threat to the country's democratic future.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a multidisciplinary approach to create supportive learning environments, reducing harm from suspension and expulsion. Research shows that exclusions don't deter misbehavior and instead create significant mental and physical health harms.
Shailaja Paik, a University of Cincinnati professor, has been awarded a MacArthur fellowship for her groundbreaking research on Dalits and caste inequality in India. The grant will support her work on promoting education and human rights for marginalized communities.
Research suggests that immigrant assimilation patterns have remained consistent over the past century, with immigrants still working low-paying jobs and their children entering the middle class. Attitudes toward immigration are more positive than ever before, but also more polarized by political party.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science have discovered a novel means of directing lipid nanoparticles to target specific tissues. By incorporating siloxane composites into ionizable lipids, they were able to achieve tissue-specific delivery, particularly to the liver, lungs, and spleen.
According to a study from Linköping University, 29% of current and former Swedish cheerleading athletes reported experiencing psychological abuse. The most common reason was feeling frozen out of the community or being manipulated, while lack of support from coaches and injuries were also major contributors to athletes quitting the spo...
Astronomers have discovered an exoplanet orbiting Barnard's star, located six light-years away, which has at least half the mass of Venus and orbits its star in just over three Earth days. The discovery was made using ESO's VLT and confirms the existence of a new exoplanet candidate, while also hinting at the presence of three more.
The expert panel discussion sheds light on the best practices for injecting hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers in the infraorbital hollows. Top surgeons share their preferred fillers and techniques, providing valuable insights for treating undereye dark circles.
The new framework, called SLIViT, has been developed by UCLA researchers and achieved accurate disease risk biomarkers detection from medical scans. It consistently achieves better performance compared to domain-specific state-of-the-art models.
Researchers successfully activated a specific memory circuit in mice using brain-imaging technology. The study found that stimulating neurons in two areas of the mouse brains reactivated spatial memory and caused the mice to seek shelter.
Researchers developed a modular click chemistry method to synthesize catechol derivatives, which showed potent inhibitory effects against SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro with low cytotoxicity. The study demonstrates the feasibility of this approach for natural-product-based structural modifications in antiviral drug discovery.
Researchers at MIT developed a security protocol that leverages quantum mechanics to guarantee secure data transmission during deep-learning computations. The protocol encodes data into laser light, making it impossible for attackers to copy or intercept information without detection.
A new American Thoracic Society report provides practical frameworks to address systemic racism in asthma care. The report highlights the need to engage affected communities and critically evaluate funding mechanisms to promote antiracism practices in research.
Researchers explore immune activation and tumor-promoting transcription factor FOXM1's role in CDK4/6-MEK resistance. They suggest targeting the oncogenic network of CDK4/6, MEK, PD-L1, and FOXM1 as future treatment options for MPNST patients.
A six-month study in the UK found that ParkRun participants experienced improved life satisfaction, particularly for those who were previously inactive. The study estimates a cost-effectiveness range of £16.70 to £98.50 for every pound spent on running.
A new study found that nearly six in ten Americans have pro-inflammatory diets, increasing the risk of health problems like heart disease and cancer. Anti-inflammatory foods such as garlic, ginger, and turmeric can help combat chronic conditions like diabetes and depression.
A new study presents an innovative curriculum for nursing students, exposing them to geriatric care early in their training with the goal of increasing interest in specializing in care for older adults. The curriculum uses virtual standardized patients, providing a higher level of training and covering knowledge, attitudes, and skills.
Researchers have developed a lab-grown spine model that can test the effects of valproic acid on fetal development. The study found that co-treatment with Rapamycin can prevent the negative effects of valproic acid, enabling women to take life-saving medication while having healthy children.
A new study reveals high levels of airborne plasticizers in Southern California, including phthalates known to cause reproductive harm and cancer. The study uses silicone wristbands to track exposure to these chemicals, finding that daily levels are both high and persistent.
Scripps Research scientists develop a new approach to designing drugs that selectively bind to cancer-related proteins and their paralog counterparts. By identifying a druggable site on the paralog, they characterize drugs that only bind to the protein of interest, potentially leading to more effective treatments for certain cancers.
Researchers developed a novel approach to optimizing siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles using NMR-based molecular-level characterization. Pre-mixed LNPs exhibit superior gene-silencing effects due to a stacked bilayer structure that enhances gene silencing.
A study by University of Potsdam researchers analyzed the data of 1585 wild animals fitted with GPS collars, finding that 30 species changed their behavior significantly after release. The animals generally recovered within four to seven days, with larger ones and those in human-influenced habitats returning more quickly.
The 11th Heidelberg Laureate Forum brought together top researchers to discuss climate change, AI differences between humans and machines. The event featured workshops, panels, and networking opportunities for future collaborations.
SEARCH aims to accelerate healthcare innovation by generating FAIRified synthetic data for use in AI/ML models, enabling large-scale data collaborations while preserving privacy and compliance. The hub will deliver reliable methodologies for synthetic data generation, significantly increasing the availability of interoperable datasets.
A new study estimates that cool roofs could have saved up to 249 lives in London during the 2018 record-setting hot summer. If widely adopted, cool roofs would reduce the city's ambient temperature by about 0.8 degrees C on average.
A new synthesis of regional climate data highlights the need for climate adaptation policy based on the latest regional climate science. Emerging signals of climate change are expected to significantly alter monsoon intensity, leading to substantial societal impacts in tropical and subtropical regions.
A new study has identified the genetic elements responsible for transforming classical Klebsiella pneumoniae into a devastating, drug-resistant killer. Researchers found that the plasmid pVir is the primary determinant of hypervirulence in this bacterium.
A new study by economists at the University of Zurich finds that engaging in public discourse increases socially responsible market behavior regardless of participants' social norms and values. The researchers conducted three lab experiments with over 2,500 participants and observed a significant increase in trade with fair products wh...
Brendan G. Carr, MD, MS, receives the Colin C. Rorrie Award for Excellence in Health Policy, recognized for his work on building regional systems for emergency care and advocating for increased collaboration between public and private sectors. Ugo Ezenkwele, MD, MPH, receives the Leon L. Haley Jr. Award for Excellence in Diversity, Inc...
A team of researchers found that the use of microbial biofertilisers and algae-based biostimulants can significantly enhance both the yield and quality of organic tomatoes. The treatments improved processes like nutrient absorption and stress tolerance, supporting overall crop performance.
The study analyzed the genetic profiles of 80,000 people and found that repeat expansion disorders (REDs) are common across different populations. The findings suggest a significant shift in how we think about genetic testing, profiling, and counseling for these conditions.
Researchers seek to identify Hispanic women at risk of developing chronic diseases through early screenings or interventions, aiming to improve health outcomes for millions in the population.
A new study finds that fatal falls among older people in the US have a higher cost than firearm deaths, with an estimated average medical cost of $1,427,773,589 for fatal falls compared to $246,456,666 for firearm injuries. The researchers highlight the urgent need for preventive measures to address this growing public health challenge.
The study reveals substantial gaps in compensating for lost protected areas, risking global efforts to conserve biodiversity. Protected areas play a crucial role in conserving species and ecosystems, but PADDD events expose them to extinction risks.
Scientists developed a streamlined approach to assemble 2D molecular structures using a supramolecular scaffold, enhancing the efficiency of singlet fission and paving the way for advancements in solar cells. The new method created two distinct 2D self-assembling structures with high quantum yields, outperforming previous designs.
Scientists highlight critical knowledge gaps in Arctic coastal ecosystems due to climate change, which are having broader implications for both ecological and human systems. The consequences of these changes extend beyond the open Arctic Ocean, requiring adaptive measures to ensure socioecological sustainability.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have developed six lines of humanized mice to study human cases of COVID-19, shedding light on SARS-CoV-2's movement through the body and varying symptoms. The models help understand how different genetic backgrounds influence disease progression.
A study links droughts in Southern Africa to a massive plankton bloom off Madagascar's southeast coast. Climate warming intensified the dust particles carried by wind, which acted as fertilizer in seawater, creating ideal conditions for phytoplankton growth.
Researchers have identified six epigenetic hallmarks that characterize transformed cells, including DNA methylation, viral reactivation, and histone protein modifications. These properties enable cancer cells to evolve and resist therapy, making them a key target for improving diagnosis and treatment.