Articles tagged with Vision
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have created a slim, telescopic contact lens that can switch between normal and magnified vision, offering AMD patients a relatively unobtrusive way to enhance their vision. The system uses a modified pair of liquid crystal eyeglasses to selectively block either the magnifying portion or its unmagnified center.
The National Eye Institute has launched new resources to help people with low vision, including a large-print booklet and videos. The materials provide tips for maximizing remaining eyesight and encourage individuals to seek help from a low vision specialist.
Balint's syndrome is a rare neurological disorder that badly impairs a patient's ability to make sense of what they see. Patients experience difficulties with eye movements, arm pointing, and visual field constriction.
Researchers at USC's iLab discovered that men focus on a person's mouth when listening to an interview, while women shift their gaze between the speaker's eyes and body. Women are also more easily distracted by people entering the video frame than men.
A study by Kelvin Lui and Alan Wong found that frequent media multitaskers outperformed light multitaskers in integrating visual and auditory information. This improvement was attributed to their ability to routinely take in information from multiple sources.
A study by Rémi Radel found that hungry participants saw food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying them, indicating an early change in visual perception. This suggests the brain can adjust its processing to prioritize information related to needs or desires.
Cuttlefish have been found to possess the most acute polarization vision yet discovered in any animal, with sensitivity to differences as small as one degree. This remarkable ability allows them to perceive and communicate through polarized light, potentially revolutionizing our understanding of underwater camouflage and communication.
A study by McMaster University psychologist Daphne Maurer found that playing video games for just 40 hours can reverse visual processing deficiencies in adults. The researchers also discovered that babies and toddlers initially exhibit a form of synaesthesia, which gradually disappears as they develop.
Researchers at Caltech found that leeches rely on two distinct methods to detect prey: hairs detecting water disturbances and simple eyes picking up passing shadows. In adulthood, the preference shifts to using water disturbances alone.
A recent study found that children under 3 with a nasolacrimal duct obstruction are at increased risk for developing amblyopia, with an 8-fold increase compared to the general population. Early treatment is crucial, as poor vision becomes permanent if left untreated.
Contrary to long-held assumptions, birds developed a better sense of smell than their dinosaur ancestors, suggesting that scent played a crucial role in early bird evolution. The study reveals that ancient birds, like Archaeopteryx, had a sense of smell similar to modern-day pigeons.
Researchers have solved some of the mysteries of the zebrafish's neural circuit that underlies its vision. By analyzing the brain activity of retinal cells, they found that large visual stimuli are filtered out to prevent overreacting, while small moving objects activate the output neurons efficiently.
Researchers at Emory University have identified the first fish species to switch from ultraviolet to violet vision, a significant find in understanding natural selection. The scabbardfish's ability to detect blue light is linked to environmental factors and molecular evolution.
A recent study at the University of Alberta found that most pharmacy pamphlets fail to meet guidelines for accessibility, with only 23% meeting 9 out of 10 Canadian recommendations. The study highlights a need for improved accessibility and readability in pharmaceutical information.
The Vision Revolution reveals how human vision has evolved to perform extraordinary feats, from color perception to X-ray vision and beyond. Changizi's groundbreaking research overturns basic assumptions about human vision, exploring its unique capabilities and their impact on our daily lives.
A study published in HortTechnology found that consumers' floral purchase decisions are driven by sensory hedonics for men and emotion conditioning for women. Consumers from rural areas prioritize curiosity fulfillment and monetary worth, while urban consumers value emotion conditioning.
A new study published in Neurology reveals that men with idiopathic intracranial hypertension are two times more likely to experience severe vision problems than women. The research suggests that men with this condition should have closer monitoring of their eyesight and potentially more aggressive treatment when vision loss is detected.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that fruit flies use TRPA1 to sense single degree changes in the comfortable range, adapting to different temperatures through a multistep process. This discovery raises the possibility that mammals may also be able to sense small changes in internal body temperature.
Children screened for amblyopia before age 2 tend to have improved visual outcomes compared to those detected between ages 2 and 4. Early photoscreening yields better results in treating amblyopia.
Researchers at the Salk Institute found that motion-sensitive neurons can perform both integration and segmentation tasks, but not simultaneously. They can access information from other neurons to recover true direction of motion, suggesting a flexible processing mechanism.
This special issue of the Journal of Rehabilitation Research investigates innovative approaches to vision rehabilitation, including surgical excision of abnormal blood vessels and resurfacing with patient-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells. Teleretinal imaging is also explored as a tool for screening patients with diabetes for di...
A groundbreaking case study reveals that congenitally blind individuals can acquire visual function and skills even after extended periods of blindness during childhood. The findings challenge the widely-held 'critical period' theory, suggesting the brain's ability to relearn and adapt remains flexible throughout life.
New research at Georgia Tech and Zoo Atlanta shows that giant pandas can discriminate between colors and various shades of gray. The study found that both pandas were able to choose the correct colored pipe in tests, indicating they have some sort of color vision.
NASA's Goddard technologist Vladimir Lumelsky proposes developing a 'High-Tech Skin' with over 1,000 infrared sensors to enable robots to sense their environment and react like humans. This technology is crucial for carrying out NASA's Vision for Space Exploration, where humans and robots work together in unstructured environments.
The customized ablation technique has revolutionized eye surgery, allowing patients to enjoy enhanced vision with reduced side effects. Increasing the treatment zone size and precise laser positioning have significantly improved results.
A recent study found a correlation between the loss of olfactory receptor genes and the acquisition of full trichromatic color vision in primates. The research team analyzed 19 primate species, including humans, and discovered that Old World monkeys and apes had similar percentages of OR pseudogenes, while New World monkeys had lower p...
Research by Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center reveals that hearing can significantly improve the ability of individuals with mildly impaired eyesight to locate objects in space. The study found that when sound was added, participants with nearsightedness were able to perform as well as those with normal vision.
A new operation developed at Johns Hopkins improves vision for nearly half of the first 100 patients treated with early-stage macular degeneration. Six months after surgery, 48% of patients could read an additional two lines on a standard eye chart or had vision of 20/100 or better, enough to legally drive in Maryland.
Researchers found that mutations in the ABCR gene cause a wide range of eye problems, including Stargardt disease and retinitis pigmentosa. The study suggests that a single therapy designed to replace ABCR activity could alleviate or prevent retinal degeneration.
Researchers have restored vision in a mouse model of Leber congenital amaurosis, a severe retinal degenerative disease. The treatment, which involves orally administering a chemical compound derived from vitamin A, has shown promising results in restoring visual function.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed an optical system that gives people unprecedented eyesight, improving even those with 20/20 vision. The technology, using adaptive optics, detects subtle visual distortions and corrects them for improved low-light conditions.
Patients with macular degeneration experienced improved moods and increased use of visual aids after completing a six-week behavioral self-management program. The program also boosted confidence in daily functioning and reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression.
A study of infants with dense cataracts found that visual stimulation, not brain development, is responsible for the five-fold visual improvement within six months of birth. Babies' vision improved rapidly after cataract removal and contact lens fitting, with some developing 20/20 vision.
Scientists have identified a drug that completely stops the growth of abnormal blood vessels on or beneath the retinas of laboratory mice, potentially preventing vision loss. The drug, PKC 412, has shown promising results in halting abnormal vessel growth by up to 100%, with no apparent adverse effects on normal blood vessels.
Researchers developed the Ocutech autofocus telescope, which enables people with macular degeneration to see clearly for the first time. The device has been praised for its comfort and convenience, allowing users to see blackboards, read signs, and watch birds without manual focus.
Scientists used adaptive optics technology, originally developed for spy satellites, to map out the topography of the inner eye and take unprecedented photographs of retinas. The results show a random arrangement of cones, which could help diagnose and treat diseases like blindness.
Researchers have discovered a key role for the TIGR protein in non-hereditary forms of glaucoma, which may lead to novel diagnostic tools and treatments. The study found that exposure to steroid drugs or oxidative stress increased TIGR protein production, contributing to elevated intraocular pressure.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a 360-degree videocamera called Omnicam, which can capture hemispheric views and display them in linear perspective on screens. The technology has various applications, including surveillance, teleconferencing, and robotic vision.