A study of Martian meteorites suggests that Mars formed quickly and became geologically quiet, with little plate tectonics. This process allowed the planet's internal structure to remain relatively unchanged since its earliest history.
Nearly 30% of US workers are employed in non-traditional jobs, such as part-time and contract work, suffering severe wage and benefit penalties. The studies found that women and minorities disproportionately hurt by these arrangements, with limited access to benefits like health insurance and pensions.
This special journal issue examines the success of ecological engineering in dealing with environmental problems in Central and Eastern Europe. The topics include remediation efforts around the Chernobyl nuclear plant, use of wetlands to filter heavy metals from industrial waste water, and treatment of acidified soils.
A new study found that 69% of babywalker-related injuries occurred in spite of adult supervision. Infant mobility is too great for young children to control, increasing the risk of falls and injuries. Researchers advocate for stricter standards on babywalker design to prevent further accidents.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a new acoustic liner material made from hollow ceramic spheres that can absorb both low and high sound frequencies. The material can withstand temperatures over 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit, making it suitable for applications in aerospace and industry.
Researchers found that Respiratory Sincytial Virus (RSV) affects previously healthy adults, leading to misdiagnoses and delayed treatment. The study highlights the importance of routine RSV testing in hospitals to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use and ensure accurate diagnosis.
A new study reveals that chimpanzees can determine whether their partners are aware of danger, indicating a shared ability to perceive knowledge states and intentions. This suggests a stronger cognitive connection between chimps than previously thought.
A unique deep-water coral reef with 80% coral cover was discovered in the Gulf of Mexico, challenging conventional thinking that coral reefs are restricted to shallow areas. The reef's unusual flat plate-like form and complex structure provide an ideal habitat for fish.
Scientists activate protein receptor to stimulate cell death in brain tumors, potentially sparing normal brain tissue. The therapy shows promise in treating nearly untreatable primary central nervous system lymphomas.
The FalconView portable mapping system allows pilots to plan flights on laptops with enhanced features and real-time updates. It includes a new form of imagery, five-meter controlled image base, which offers twice the resolution of the previous imagery, and is tailored to various aircraft types.
Researchers have discovered how key molecules interact in the major pathway regulating cell division. Disrupting this pathway may force cancer cells to divide prematurely, favoring their death. A class of molecules that inhibit Cdc25C has also been identified, suggesting a potential target for cancer therapies.
Researchers discovered an electrical abnormality in heart failure patients that prevents their hearts from recovering normally after each beat. This erratic and unstable ability to recover affects millions of Americans with heart disease, leading to potentially life-threatening rhythm disturbances.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a low-temperature nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst that can be used in small production boiler systems. The catalyst, tested at temperatures between 350-400°F, shows promise in eliminating the need for high-temperature baghouse bags and reducing costs.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have discovered a new subnuclear particle, an exotic meson, which is composed of quarks and antiquarks rather than just one type. The discovery was made possible by a high-energy particle experiment conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
A new study suggests that electrified vehicle fleets could replace large central utilities as a major source of power generation. The research calculates that the US passenger-vehicle fleet has 10 times more potential to generate electricity than all the nation's electricity-generating equipment combined.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that two missing cancer-suppressor genes play a crucial role in female development, leading to catastrophic cell death. The study suggests that the combination of missing genes is lethal to female mouse embryos, offering new insights into cancer mechanisms and potential therapeutic strat...
Researchers found that mating is more harmful to females than egg laying, with costs imposed by males leading to female survival and reproductive value depression. In contrast, egg production has a minimal impact on female fitness under certain conditions.
A review of 90 animal studies suggests that diet pills containing fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine can cause permanent loss of serotonin nerve terminals in the brain. This damage may lead to symptoms such as anxiety, depression, cognitive problems, and sleep disturbances.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified a cell component called the spectrosome that guides reproductive cells to self-renew and mature differentiated cells in fruit flies. The finding may help explain how men continuously produce sperm and why some stem cells lose control, forming cancerous tumors.
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center investigated the role of cytokines in treating heart disease. Amlodipine, a widely prescribed medication for patients with heart failure, was found to lower plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in heart patients over a period of 26 weeks.
Researchers have developed a gene therapy technique that restricts the activity of genes used for gene therapy to specific cell types, bypassing safety hurdles. This discovery could lead to targeted treatment of cardiovascular diseases and other disorders.
A new approach to math education, developed by Dr. Alex Friedlander, focuses on investigative experiences that motivate children to discover mathematical principles. This method encourages creative problem-solving and allows advanced students to learn at their own pace.
In a surprising twist, female Photuris fireflies lure male Photinus fireflies close enough to eat them, obtaining defensive chemicals called lucibufagins. These compounds help females repel predators like spiders and birds.
Nurse home visits have long-lasting positive effects on low-income women's lives and their children's well-being. The studies found that home-visited women had lower rates of child abuse and neglect, fewer pregnancies, and reduced healthcare needs.
Hopkins-HHMI researchers discover a novel genetic mutation in the APC gene that causes familial colorectal cancer (FCC) through DNA instability. A simple blood test can detect this mutation, providing valuable insights into the disease and potential early detection.
Researchers at the University of Delaware are developing a space-capsule computing concept that could help bridge the gap between processing speed and memory for a petaflops computer. The concept, introduced by Guang R. Gao, involves preparing
Ray Turner, a renowned expert on using toys to teach physics, has won the American Association of Physics Teachers' Excellence in Undergraduate Physics Education Award. He uses non-threatening toys like miniature cars and ball-spinning circus seals to make complex concepts accessible to students of all ages.
deCODE Genetics has identified the location of a gene, FET1, responsible for familial essential tremor on human chromosome 3. This discovery brings new hope for understanding and treatment of the disease, which affects an estimated 5-10 percent of the elderly population.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new gold-DNA probe technique that offers high accuracy and speed in detecting genetic and pathogenic diseases. The method uses gold nanoparticles combined with oligonucleotides to detect specific genes linked to diseases, eliminating the need for radioactive materials.
University of Delaware researchers have developed a silicon-based device that can convert some light into electricity using a germanium-carbon alloy. The device, which was tested with laser light, showed a conversion rate of 1.4 percent and demonstrated efficient rectification numbers. This breakthrough has the potential to bridge the ...
Researchers at Virginia Tech are developing a low-power, high-data-rate wireless communications device that uses a new type of computer-based radio. The Changeable Advanced Radio for Inter-Operable Telecommunications (CHARIOT) will automatically adapt to different standards, enabling seamless communication.
The report examines residents' fears about wolf interactions with livestock, humans, and the native deer population. Despite these concerns, states with wolves have minimal livestock losses, highlighting a more nuanced understanding of wolf ecology.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute have found a biological switch that drives the growth of lung cells in ex-smokers, leading to an increased risk of lung cancer. The 'switch' is triggered by gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptors, which capture circulating hormones and spur lung cell division.
A new study highlights the risks of biological control gone wrong, as a widely released weevil has attacked five native thistle species. The Eurasian weevil, introduced to the US in 1968, has damaged native plants' seed production by 86% and expanded its distribution.
The USGS is providing crucial information for restoring the South Florida ecosystem through multidisciplinary research activities. The latest data on pre-development environmental conditions, contaminant transport, and physical conditions in Florida Bay are being shared to inform land and water resource managers.
A new fire detector developed by Purdue University engineers senses temperature to detect flames, providing a fast response time compared to traditional smoke detectors. The device can also be integrated into home security systems and may reduce false alarms caused by common household occurrences.
Researchers at UNC-CH School of Medicine found a genetic mutation, 5T allele, associated with milder forms of cystic fibrosis and other chronic lung and sinus infections. The study suggests that the 5T allele may be linked to infertility and urological abnormalities in infertile men.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have discovered a novel gene called p73, which closely resembles the well-known tumor suppressor gene p53. The study found that p73 is deleted in at least one type of cancer and resides in an area of the genome suspected to contain other tumor suppressor genes.
A researcher found that older people's successful real-life experiences with swindlers and con artists are not often used in official advice, which may stem from legal liability concerns. The expert suggests incorporating individual success stories into educational materials to provide positive behavioral models for others.
Researchers found that teenagers who ate dinner with their families regularly were less likely to experience adjustment problems. These teens also reported better peer relationships and academic motivation. The study suggests that family mealtimes can help teens deal with the pressures of adolescence.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University found an association between the HLA-A2 gene and the age of onset for Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that the two susceptibility genes HLA-A2 and apolipoprotein E (APOE) together account for a decade variation in the age of onset.
A mutated gene in the glutamate receptor family causes faulty nerve cells to die due to false detection of neurotransmitters. The discovery may help understand how to slow down or stop this process, preserving neurons.
Researchers found buckyballs protect nerve cells from various types of damage, including stroke and spinal cord injury. In a mouse model of ALS, modified buckyballs delayed symptoms and increased lifespan by up to 15%.
Researchers at the University of Florida have built a 300-foot experimental runway to study the effects of lightning strikes on existing runway lighting systems. The runway, equipped with various lighting systems, will be struck by lightning-induced electrical discharges from rockets launched into dark skies.
A study of 224 female college students in Ohio found that those who had experienced sexual assault listed as many danger cues in a rape video as those with no history of victimization. This suggests that victim status may not be related to the perception of danger, and raises questions about why re-victimization occurs.
Research found that 2-3% of pregnant women acquire herpes during pregnancy, with the greatest risk to infants when acquired late. Routine testing for herpes can help prevent transmission and inform birthing decisions.
Researchers have identified a multigene family of candidate pheromone receptors expressed by sensory neurons in the vomeronasal organ, which may recognize different classes of pheromones. The discovery could lead to understanding of innate behaviors and mating behaviors in mice.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a way to increase food production in crops by using wild plant genes. By combining domesticated and wild gene varieties, they observed significant improvements in grain yield, with some increases of up to 48%.
Researchers have identified the gene responsible for Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), an inherited disease characterized by recurring fevers, abdominal pain, and inflammation. The discovery of the pyrin protein mutations may lead to a simple diagnostic blood test and improved treatments for FMF.
A low-cost antiseptic solution significantly reduced postpartum infectious problems in both mothers and babies, resulting in a three-fold reduction in infant deaths related to sepsis. The solution, 0.25 percent chlorhexidine in sterile water, was applied at each vaginal examination before delivery and to babies after birth.
Research data suggest limited benefits from screening programs, with significant costs incurred for low yields. The authors recommend improving the process by focusing on diseases prevalent in the country of origin, assessing disease prevalence, and providing education and counseling to migrants.
Researchers found that home uterine activity monitoring had no significant impact on reducing very low birth weight (VLBW) babies, as most births were caused by conditions not qualifying for monitoring. Early prenatal care is crucial to benefit from monitoring, and many women lacked it.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University have created artificial human chromosomes, offering a powerful tool for studying human genetics and potentially treating genetic diseases. The synthetic microchromosomes demonstrate normal centromeric activity, genetic stability, and continued gene expression.
Researchers at UF found that organic waste can improve roadside soil, allowing grass to grow and stabilize roadways. The compost adds nutrients and holds water, making conditions favorable for grass growth.
Tuberculosis bacteria use the C2a protein to lure macrophages to their death, a strategy that makes them effective pathogens. Understanding this mechanism may lead to the development of a novel vaccine to prevent tuberculosis.
Researchers have created a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, allowing for study of both skeletal muscle and heart disease. The double mutant mouse develops severe symptoms, including muscle wasting and heart disease, similar to humans with the disorder.
According to CDC estimates, millions of US-born girls and women may be at risk of female genital mutilation (FGM/FC) due to their immigrant heritage. The practice is concentrated in certain states and metropolitan areas with large populations of immigrants from FGM/FC-practicing countries.
The article recommends adopting nurse-midwifery as the standard of care for normal deliveries in the US, citing its cost-effectiveness and ability to mitigate low birth weight and infant mortality. Nurse-midwives' non-interventionist approach can provide high-quality care with equivalent outcomes to physicians.
Research finds that stay-at-home dads participate equally in household chores as stay-at-home moms, yet work mothers often resume their traditional roles when returning home. The study also highlights the impact of stay-at-home dad arrangements on mother-child bonds.
A team of researchers from Bowman Gray School of Medicine used sonography to analyze the anatomy of healthy subjects and define normal spinal and paraspinal structures. The study aims to improve the interpretation of sonographic images in patients with back pain.