A new study recommends that breast cancer patients with a positive ultrasound-guided axillary node biopsy undergo an axillary dissection due to more extensive disease. Patients with a negative biopsy can instead have a sentinel lymph node biopsy.
A new study reveals that people's judgements about their depression and anxiety symptoms are influenced by how they rank their own suffering compared to others. This can lead to inaccurate diagnoses, with vulnerable individuals being at higher risk of missed diagnoses due to relative severity perception.
Researchers have identified a functional genetic variant responsible for the highest prevalence of blonde hair outside of Europe in the Melanesian population. This finding explains over 45% of the variance in hair color in the Solomon Islands.
Researchers found that high levels of honor ideology predict hostile responses to terrorist attacks and support for extreme counterterrorism measures. Individuals from honor states showed stronger desires for lethal retaliation against terrorists compared to those from non-honor states.
A new study finds that differences in screening account for 42% of the observed disparity in colorectal cancer incidence and 19% of disparity in mortality between blacks and whites. Equal access to care could substantially reduce racial disparities in colorectal cancer rates.
Insect glands produce secretions that help sperm survive and guide fertilization in fruit flies, potentially providing clues to similar human reproductive glands. Mutant fruit flies with absent glands are infertile, but expression of a mouse gene can partially restore gland formation.
A study published at the University of Granada found that heart rehabilitation programs significantly improved cardiovascular health in patients with heart disease. The program reduced total cholesterol and plasma triglyceride levels, promoted healthier eating habits, and increased physical activity among participants.
A new study uses molecular clock methods to reconstruct the cypress family tree, revealing that their evolution reflects the break-up of Pangea. The research confirms that cypresses are a very old plant family with origins tracing back to 153 million years ago.
A new study by Emory University researchers found that patients with simple assault or ground-level falls without pre-existing spinal conditions do not need cervical spine CT scans. This reduction in unnecessary exams can help decrease radiation exposure to sensitive areas, such as the eyes and thyroid, and lower healthcare costs.
Researchers found four white dwarfs with dust from shattered planetary bodies containing oxygen, magnesium, iron, and silicon, similar to the Earth's composition. The study provides evidence of a 'terminal phase' in the death of rocky exoplanets, potentially shedding light on their destruction process.
Dr. Samuel Young receives grant to develop critical technology for researching potential therapies targeting LRRK2, a key Parkinson's-related gene. The technology aims to overcome challenges in expressing the gene using commonly used neuroscience research tools.
A study by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center found that women with low levels of fetal cells have a 70% lower risk of breast cancer, while those with high levels have a four-fold increased risk for colon cancer. The biological reasons behind this contradictory effect are unknown and require further investigation.
The US spent nearly $8,000 per person in 2009 on health care services, while other countries in the study spent between one-third and two-thirds as much. Higher prices and greater use of technology appear to be the main factors driving high rates of US spending.
A recent study suggests that pleasure eating can activate the body's reward system, leading to overeating. Researchers found that the hormone ghrelin and chemical compounds like 2-arachidonoylglycerol increased during hedonic eating, overriding the body's signal that enough has been eaten.
University of Houston's Simon Bott receives $5,000 honorarium as a 2012 Piper Professor for his exceptional college-level teaching. He is praised for engaging students with hand-written pop quizzes and encouraging campus involvement.
Astronomers at Queen's University Belfast have gathered direct evidence of a supermassive black hole shredding a star that wandered too close. The discovery provides insights into the harsh environment around black holes and the types of stars swirling around them.
Researchers found women who smoke and carry certain gene variants are more likely to experience hot flashes. The study suggests that these women may benefit from aggressive smoking cessation efforts.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new phase-change memory alloy that can store more data, last longer and work faster than current materials. The breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient computer systems, movie discs and other data storage media.
Scientists from Queen Mary University of London found that zebrafish housed individually spent less time on the bottom of their tank, indicating lower stress levels. Individually housed fish also responded to ethanol and had lower cortisol levels compared to group-housed fish.
A new study reveals that automated breast ultrasound can detect additional clinically significant breast cancers missed by mammography, in just three minutes of physician time. This technology is a game-changer for women with dense breasts, who are at higher risk of missing cancer diagnoses.
Researchers identified a group of patients with high immune response gene expression who are more likely to have their tumors completely eradicated by pre-operative chemotherapy. Patients with HER2-positive and ER-negative/HER2-negative subtypes showed better treatment outcomes.
Researchers used rare earth element analysis to determine that human remains found at Vero Beach dated back to the late Pleistocene epoch around 13,000 years ago. This discovery sheds light on the lives of early North Americans, who likely co-existed with extinct giant mammals like mammoths and mastodons.
A new study conducted at Elizabeth Wende Breast Care in Rochester, NY found that women aged 40-49 with no family history of breast cancer are still at a high risk of developing invasive disease. The study included 211 women who underwent screening mammography and found that 64% had invasive disease.
Researchers at McGill University turned back the clock to understand the evolution of sex differences in water striders. They found that male traits, such as elaborate antennae, were shaped by a struggle between sexes during mating, leading to increased mating success.
Rapid advancements in corneal transplantation have led to the decline of complete cornea transplantation (PK), with newer forms of lamellar transplantation surgery selectively replacing diseased layers offering better visual outcomes and lower risks of complications.
Researchers found blacks and Hispanics have a higher risk of developing precancerous colorectal polyps compared to whites, with a higher rate in the upper portion of the colon. Colonoscopy may be a more effective screening test for these populations than sigmoidoscopy.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory and collaborators provide direct evidence for magnetism's role in forming Cooper pairs, a key to high-temperature superconductivity. The findings strengthen confidence in using this theory to identify new materials with improved properties.
Research reveals breast cancer in young women is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, with a significantly higher risk of relapse independent of other factors. Genomic analysis identified age-related biological processes and potential targets for treatment, including the phosphoinositide 3-kinase molecular pathway and RANKL.
A new study shows Greenland's contribution to rising sea levels may be less than expected due to a 30% speedup in outlet glaciers. This means the ice sheet could contribute up to nearly 19 inches of sea level rise by 2100, but long-term behavior is still uncertain.
Researchers at NIST created a novel bioreactor that stimulates and evaluates tissue as it grows using ultrasound technology, reducing the need for destructive sampling. The device has shown promise in creating three-dimensional engineered cartilage with improved structural properties.
Researchers identified a genetic pathway that influences the spread of cancer cells, which could lead to new treatment avenues. The study found that changes in genetics affect DNA methylation, causing cells to divide uncontrollably.
Research shows that earplugs can lower the incidence of confusion and delay cognitive disturbances in ICU patients. The use of earplugs resulted in better sleep quality, with a corresponding decrease in delirium risk by over 50%.
Researchers discovered that low adrenomedullin levels may contribute to slower muscle contractions and ciliary beating, favoring embryo retention in the oviduct. Administering adrenomedullin reversed this effect, suggesting it could be a useful predictor for tubal ectopic pregnancy.
Researchers found that reducing fishmeal in farmed fish diets leads to lower health and growth. The cobia fed with reduced fishmeal had higher levels of metabolites linked to physical stress and lower levels of primary energy sources. In contrast, the diet with full fishmeal showed more normal growth and energy production.
Astronomers have discovered a supermassive black hole eating a star's core, revealing that these massive objects snack infrequently. The discovery showcases the power of the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) in detecting transient phenomena.
A $4.5 million grant will fund the search to find new ways of treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common type of primary brain tumors. The study aims to discover new medicines that can precisely target tumors, shrinking or eliminating them with minimal harm.
A new transatlantic graduate school in ocean system science and technology is launched by German and Canadian researchers. The Helmholtz Research School will improve understanding of the ocean's responses to natural and human influences, with a focus on sustainable use of marine resources.
Researchers at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine have identified variant enhancer loci (VELs) that can turn genes on or off in colorectal cancer. The discovery provides clues about the disease's development and could lead to new therapeutic targets.
Researchers use satellite-based data to measure crustal uplift at unprecedented accuracy, indicating a relatively fast rise of 1 to 2 millimeters every year. This data challenges previous estimates and suggests the modern Sierra Nevada could be formed in less than 3 million years.
Ten University of Delaware students have received National Science Foundation Graduate Research Program Fellowships, a three-year stipend of $30,000 plus cost of education allowance. The awards recognize exceptional students pursuing research-based master's and doctoral degrees in STEM fields.
A new study shows cone beam CT is better than multidetector CT for visualizing superior semicircular canal dehiscence and normal temporal bone anatomy, with improved image quality at half the radiation dose. The study found a significant reduction in false positives and improvements in pathology detection.
A new study has found that experiments underestimate plant responses to climate change, with shifts in flowering and leafing timing being much greater than estimated. Long-term historical records show that many plant species have shifted their leafing and flowering earlier, in step with warming temperatures over recent decades.
A new study suggests that invasive bladder testing before incontinence surgery is not necessary, with a preoperative office evaluation showing equally successful outcomes. Women with stress urinary incontinence experienced high success rates with minimal testing.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that about 70 percent of people have two functional copies of a gene linked to an odor receptor that detects androstenone, a compound in male mammals like pigs. This genetic variation may contribute to why some people find the smell of meat unpleasant.
A study found that varenicline significantly reduced average number of drinks per week by 36% in participants assigned to take the drug. The effects on drinking behavior were separate from its effects on smoking.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University develop a peptide therapy that mimics DJ-1's normal function, protecting dopamine-producing neurons and reducing mobility dysfunctions. The treatment has shown promising results in pre-clinical trials on mice, indicating a viable option for Parkinson's patients.
A new analysis of streams in the western US found that stream temperatures are not necessarily warming at the same rate as air temperatures despite general climate trends. Long-term monitoring sites with minimal human impact show cooler-than-expected maximum, mean, and minimum temperatures.
Researchers discovered that underweight babies are more likely to become obese due to a disrupted hypothalamus, which leads to an increased appetite for calories. This results in the child consuming more calories to catch up on lost nutrition in utero, potentially leading to childhood obesity.
A study by the Wildlife Conservation Society found that intense gas development is driving away wildlife from their traditional wintering grounds. In Wyoming's Jonah and PAPA gas fields, researchers discovered an 82% decline of high-quality habitat for pronghorn, a sharp increase in infrastructure, and behavioral shifts among the animals.
Researchers discover that a highly toxic beta-amyloid protein triggers Alzheimer's disease by converting abundant beta-amyloids into a more toxic form. This process involves the interaction of beta-amyloid with tau protein, leading to the formation of toxic tangles in the brain.
A study by Loyola Medicine found that routine urodynamics tests before stress incontinence surgery are not necessary for most patients, suggesting a potential cost savings. The study evaluated over 630 women with stress incontinence and compared those who underwent urodynamics testing to those who received only a doctor's evaluation.
Researchers found that tiny fragments of plaque can provide clues about ancient diets by analyzing stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. This new method avoids the need for destructive methods like analyzing bone or hair, which are often too expensive or perishable.
A University of Maryland-led team will investigate ways to understand, prevent and reverse the radicalization of young people in destabilized areas, using a $4.5 million DoD grant. The study's focus on preventative counterterrorism aims to identify tactics to inoculate young people against extremist recruiters.
A survey of 4,000 US Ph.D. students found that interest in faculty positions wanes with more years in school, while non-academic careers become increasingly attractive. The study suggests a need for more information and resources about pursuing non-academic careers.
Astronomers have gathered direct evidence of a supermassive black hole ripping apart a star that strayed too close. The team identified the victim as a helium-rich star in a galaxy 2.7 billion light-years away, providing insights into the harsh environment around black holes.
Scientists at UCSF used a pioneering imaging technique to study the interaction between breast cancer and the immune system in mice. They found that activated immune cells are headed off at the pass by healthy cells forming a 'thin red line' around tumors.
A study published in Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions found that thrombus aspiration during PCI provides similar long-term outcomes to conventional stent use in STEMI patients. The analysis of the PASSION trial data reported no significant difference in major adverse cardiac events between the two groups.
A recent study found that vaginal microbes change in some healthy women over short periods, while remaining stable in others. These changes can impact a woman's susceptibility to infections and diseases. Researchers hope this research will lead to personalized medicine for women.
Researchers from UCLA created a crowd-sourced online gaming system where players distinguish malaria-infected red blood cells from healthy ones, achieving accuracy within 1.25% of medical professionals. The platform has potential to overcome limitations in malaria diagnosis, affecting 210 million people annually.
A new study found that rising temperatures and reduced rainfall in European Alpine spruce forests led to more frequent and severe bark beetle attacks. The study suggests that sustainable forest management strategies are necessary to mitigate the impact of climate change on these ecosystems.