Researchers at City College of New York develop novel edge-contact geometry to bridge 3D world to 2D graphene without contaminating its properties. The technique enables remarkably low contact resistance, opening possibilities for device applications and pure physics studies.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a critical gene that guides the separation of two types of motion-sensing cells in the retina, shedding light on cellular layering and its implications for brain function.
A study by Prof. Xiaoming Wang and team found that low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) suppressed electrical activity in epileptic rats, leading to improved nonlinear electroencephalographic parameters. This suggests a potential antiepileptic effect of low-frequency rTMS in treating chronic epilepsy.
Researchers develop a new molecule combining elements of Botox and tetanus toxin to alleviate inflammatory pain, offering potential relief for chronic pain conditions and epilepsy. The engineered molecule could improve quality of life for those suffering from chronic pain with a single injection providing prolonged pain relief.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal found that microgravity accelerates biological aging, causing inflammation among endothelial cells, which leads to atherosclerosis and cell senescence. The research highlights the challenges of sending humans deeper into space for longer periods.
A new study published in PLoS One found a strong association between racism and gun ownership among white Americans. The research also revealed that those who oppose gun control tend to have stronger racial biases, are more conservative, and live in southern states.
Glen J. Weiss, MD, presents studies on TSR-011, a potent ALK and TRK inhibitor, and Ki67, a measure of cell proliferation, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors collected before chemotherapy and after surgery. These studies show preliminary clinical activity against various tumor types.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have made significant discoveries about muscular dystrophy, a collective term for neuromuscular disorders affecting 3,000 people in Denmark. The study found that proteins with attached sugar molecules, specifically mannose, play a key role in the disease's progression.
A new paper by Tim Lemper argues that the Supreme Court's decision in National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius established new limits on Congress' power to regulate commerce and use federal funds to coerce states. The court's decision placed groundbreaking limits on federal regulation, setting a precedent for future cases.
Researchers have discovered a steady change in the pulses of the Crab pulsar, indicating its strong magnetic field is moving towards the equator. The findings, made possible by a 42-ft telescope used to track ballistic missiles, provide insights into the star's interior and evolution.
Researchers found that amyloid beta-peptide worsened cognitive impairment following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inducing glycogen synthase kinase 3β and protein phosphatase 2A activity, resulting in tau protein phosphorylation. This study suggests a potential link between Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia.
A CU-led study suggests that attracting and retaining highly skilled foreign Ph.D. students can revitalize innovation and economic growth in the US. The researchers found that increased student diversity boosts innovative research and that high-performing foreign-born Ph.D. students improve the creation of knowledge in US universities.
The TATORT-NSTEMI trial found that aspirating blood clots does not significantly reduce microvascular obstruction or the risk of death in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Standard PCI without thrombectomy was shown to be equally effective.
Researchers found a patient in a vegetative state who could filter out unimportant information and home in on relevant words. Using brain imaging, scientists also discovered that the patient could follow simple commands, providing new insights into the ability of patients in these states to pay attention.
Researchers at University of British Columbia studied the energy cost of satellite tags on aquatic animals, finding significant drag increases on smaller or juvenile animals. The study provides a universal formula to calculate drag for various marine species, promoting accurate data collection and conservation strategies.
French researchers' oil-bath experiments provide evidence of wave-particle duality on a macroscopic scale. However, the phenomenon fails to explain entanglement, a key aspect of quantum theory.
Two new studies demonstrate the effectiveness of sofosbuvir in preventing post-transplant recurrence of hepatitis C virus in liver transplant recipients. The experimental anti-viral drug was found to be safe and effective in over 60% of patients, offering a new hope for those with limited treatment options.
Researchers analyzed butterfly genome sequences, finding initial divergence is restricted to small fraction of genome, with key genes involved in wing patterning. Close comparison of closely related species showed rapid genomic changes occurred in evolutionary time after early differences took hold.
A study published in Nature finds that climate change could lead to a decline in plant production due to changes in soil nutrients. As drylands become drier, the imbalance of essential nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus may affect crop growth, livestock forage, and fuel production.
Cerebral microbleeds are common in older individuals and can contribute to neurological changes. Researchers recommend considering microbleeds when treating other brain-related issues like stroke.
A new study at Harvard Medical School proposes that aneuploidy is a driver of cancer development rather than just a result. Researchers analyzed genome sequence data from over 8,200 pairs of cancerous and normal tissue samples to identify patterns in tumor evolution.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine and TSRI have determined the atomic-level structure of the tripartite HIV envelope protein, known as Env. The findings provide a detailed picture of the complex protein and its sites of vulnerability that could be targeted by future vaccines.
A study published in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization finds that mid-level health workers, such as midwives and nurses, can deliver clinical outcomes comparable to physicians in certain services. The research analyzed 53 studies conducted in 18 countries and suggests opportunities for all countries to exploit.
Scientists have found that only a few genetic changes are necessary to spur the evolution of new species, even in populations still in contact and exchanging genes. The study reveals key genetic areas affected by natural selection and differing in just 12 small regions of the genome.
Researchers at RIKEN Brain Science Institute have discovered a protein called BTBD3 that optimizes neuronal shape for efficient sensory input reception. This finding sheds light on how brain cells are positioned to receive incoming sensory information, enabling highly developed senses in animals.
Researchers at Royal Holloway University have made a significant discovery about how valproate blocks seizures in the brain. By using a simple amoeba, they identified the specific chemical responsible for seizure progression and found that its decrease can cause even more seizure activity.
Researchers from Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia discovered that Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) must self-destruct to ensure normal centriole formation. This destruction mechanism controls centriole number and prevents diseases like cancer and infertility in fruit fly model organisms.
Researchers have used a novel imaging technique to study the interaction between an antimicrobial peptide and cell membranes, gaining insights into how it kills bacteria. The findings suggest that the peptide creates nanometer-sized pores in the cell membrane, leading to its disintegration and death.
Research reveals Yeast Protein Concentrate (YPC) can be separated from cereal matter and is a cost-competitive substitute for imported soya-based protein feeds. This could partially replace fish meal on commercial fish farms, benefiting 800 million chickens reared for meat production each year.
A NYU study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that mindfulness training, combined with cognitive behavioral therapy, improved attentional task performance in incarcerated adolescents. The intervention showed a protective effect on youths' attentional capacity, leading to better self-control and reduced anti-social behavior.
A study published in Social Psychological and Personality Science found that more child-centric parents experience higher happiness and a sense of purpose from having children. This contradicts popular media claims, suggesting that prioritizing children's well-being can actually improve parental well-being.
Research by Véronique Bohbot reveals a direct link between stimulus-response learning and increased substance abuse, particularly smoking, alcohol and cannabis use. A developed striatum is associated with this behavior.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science have successfully created induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) that can be kept in a pristine state, paving the way for growing transplant organs to order. The breakthrough enables the production of 'humanized' mouse models containing human-derived tissues.
Dogs exhibit asymmetric brain organization, with left-brain activation linked to right-tail wagging and right-brain activation tied to left-tail wagging. This difference affects emotional responses in dogs, who display anxious behavior when seeing a dog with a left-tail wag and relaxed responses when seeing a dog with a right-tail wag.
Researchers found iron concentration is uniform across Perseus Galaxy Cluster, indicating widespread dispersal of heavy elements in the early universe. The team attributes this to supernova explosions and active black holes, suggesting a period of intense cosmic activity.
A 20% sugary drink tax in the UK could reduce the number of obese adults by 180,000 and overweight individuals by 285,000. The tax would primarily impact young people under 30 years old, who are major consumers of sugar-sweetened drinks.
Dr. Noel's landmark study with the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition documented a drastic increase in cases of kids swallowing powerful neodymium magnets. His work led to recalls, lawsuits, and increased awareness about the dangers of these magnets.
Typhoon Krosa made landfall in extreme northern Luzon, bringing strong winds and heavy rainfall. The storm's center was located near Manila, Philippines, with maximum sustained winds of 90 knots.
Michael M. Yartsev's research using bats to study neural coding mechanisms underlying three-dimensional spatial memory and navigation has provided novel insights into the mammalian brain. His award-winning essay highlights a discovery that place cells in bats help navigate 3D space, differing from previously identified processes in rats.
University of Akron researcher Hossein Tavana has received a $511,000 NIH grant to advance 3D tumor models for anticancer drug testing. His innovative approach generates 384 physiologic tumor models using robotic technology, allowing for more efficient and cost-effective drug screening and discovery.
Two studies report rapid and sustained reduction of SHIV viral load in monkeys infused with anti-HIV antibodies, suggesting potential for treatment. Researchers propose testing antibody-based immunotherapy in HIV-infected people.
Researchers have developed a detailed picture of the HIV envelope trimer, critical for understanding how HIV enters cells and creating potential vaccines. Atomic-resolution imaging revealed the structure of the Env trimer, its assembly, and interaction with broadly neutralizing antibodies.
A study found that over half of chronic hepatitis C patients were not treated due to therapy limitations or waiting for newer treatments, leaving them without access to potentially life-saving care. Another study identified a significant 'lost opportunity' for patients to achieve the current best result of treatment.
Women working in Head Start programs experience higher rates of physical health conditions, depression, and poor overall health. The researchers suggest addressing the staff's health through wellness initiatives, mindfulness, and a supportive workplace culture.
A new study reveals that the Pacific Ocean is absorbing heat at a rate 15 times faster than in the past 10,000 years. This surge in heat absorption may provide scientists with more time to address climate change but is not a solution, according to researchers.
A CU-Boulder-led research team has gained insights into the vital but rarely considered microbial communities thriving in dark, fertile soils beneath the lost tallgrass prairie. The study reveals a dominant phylum of bacteria, Verrucomicrobia, which played a crucial role in the ecosystem's productivity and fertility.
Researchers found that partial degradation of a DNA replication protein is necessary for the survival of Caulobacter crescentus. The energy-dependent protease ClpXP generates specific-sized fragments required for normal growth and DNA repair, challenging previous assumptions about protein digestion in bacteria.
Researchers found that snakes reduce blood flow in their eyes by prolonging periods of contraction, allowing for better vision. This adaptation is thought to be advantageous in threatening situations.
Researchers found that thicker leaves have larger cells in all tissues except vascular tissue, and cell walls are proportionally thicker. The team developed new mathematical equations to predict internal anatomy from leaf thickness, providing insights into leaf function and design.
A pilot study shows that older patients who practiced Qigong experienced significant declines in fatigue and distress. The mind-body activity, which combines slow movements with deep breathing and meditation, was found to be an effective nonpharmacological intervention for managing prostate cancer-related fatigue.
Researchers analyzed X-ray telescope observations from the Suzaku satellite to study iron distribution in the Perseus cluster. They found that iron is spread evenly between galaxies, suggesting it was created at least 10-12 billion years ago through intense star formation and supernovae explosions.
A new strategy for emergency anticoagulant treatment has been developed, using bivalirudin, which reduces the risk of death or serious bleeding by 8.5%, compared to traditional heparin treatment. The EUROMAX clinical trial found that this approach improves patient outcomes without increasing the risk of stent thrombosis.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a new way to produce better barrier films using atomic layer deposition, which can protect electronics in harsh environments such as salt water for months. The new coatings can extend the lifetime and reliability of electronic devices.
The EUROMAX trial reveals that administering bivalirudin to STEMI patients in pre-hospital settings significantly reduces death and major bleeding complications compared to heparin. Bivalirudin also showed a lower rate of reinfarction and death, however with increased risk of acute stent thrombosis.
Tropical Storm Krosa is intensifying as it approaches the northern Philippines, prompting warnings from PAGASA. The storm is expected to make a brief landfall over extreme northern Luzon on Oct. 31 before moving west into the South China Sea.
Researchers discovered that self-control decreases over the course of a day, leading to increased dishonesty in the afternoon. Participants were more likely to cheat or engage in unethical behavior when tested later in the day.
The CHILL-MI trial found that therapeutic hypothermia using intravenous cold saline and endovascular venous cooling reduced clinical heart failure incidence by 71% in STEMI patients. However, the trial missed its primary endpoint of reducing infarct size.
Scientists from Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen discovered new associations between two major Type 2 diabetes risk genotypes and altered plasma concentrations of metabolic products. The study, published in PLOS ONE and Metabolomics, reveals specific metabolic effects, particularly for the TCF7L2 genotype.
A new clinical trial found that a two-stent technique for treating bifurcation lesions with a large stenotic side branch is not associated with improved mid-term outcomes compared to a provisional stenting approach. The study, presented at TCT 2013, showed similar rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) between the two techniques.
A team of scientists isolated a live virus from horseshoe bats in China, confirming them as the origin of the SARS-CoV. The discovery will help governments design effective prevention strategies for similar epidemics.