The Leopoldina Annual Assembly explores the ethical, legal, and technological aspects of genome editing. Researchers will discuss its applications in humans, plants, and animals, as well as its potential impact on food production and human therapies.
Researchers at NIST create a rapid test that senses mechanical fluctuations of bacterial cells and detects response to antibiotics, potentially hastening effective medical treatment and limiting drug-resistant bacteria. The new technique can quickly determine whether an antibiotic combats a given infection.
NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite provided a thermal image of Hurricane Maria, revealing the strongest sides of the storm. The National Weather Service reported heavy rain causing flooding in eastern Puerto Rico, with flood warnings issued until 5:45 p.m. EDT.
A study published in Hospital Pediatrics found that many medical residents deviate from guidelines when prescribing antibiotics, highlighting the need for education and training. The research suggests that residents can be effective 'first line of defense' against antibiotic resistance if they follow best practices.
A recent study by the University of Bonn investigates how some signals dissipate along the processing path to conscious perception. The researchers found that the distinction between conscious and unconscious processing follows significantly further down the processing stream than many researchers have been suspecting.
Researchers at RUDN University discovered a redox-dependent mechanism that enables ovarian and breast cancer cells to resist chemotherapy. The mechanism involves the expression of genes encoding thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin, which play a crucial role in the antioxidant defense system.
Researchers developed a microfluidics-based approach to detect PD-L1 and other biomarkers in patient blood samples. The novel assay demonstrated a mean detection rate of 22.8% for PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression levels, offering promise for non-invasive cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
Researchers from Aalto University Finland have developed a method to assemble metal-protein superlattice wires using viruses and nanoparticles. The study demonstrates that combining native Tobacco Mosaic Virus with gold nanoparticles can lead to high-aspect-ratio superlattice wires with controlled optical properties.
Researchers found that chronic migraine patients are three times as likely to suffer from severe temporomandibular disorder (TMD), which causes difficulty chewing and joint tension. The study suggests that TMD may increase the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, but it does not directly cause the condition.
Researchers developed a novel gene delivery approach using scaffold/matrix attachment region (S/MAR) to enhance long-term transgene expression in proliferating cells. The modified vectors were able to establish colonies and maintain stable transgene expression in HeLa cells.
Researchers found that each transposon family interprets cell signals uniquely and uses distinct strategies to determine jumping timing. This study sheds light on the complex interactions between host cells and jumping genes.
A Danish/Italian/Dutch team confirmed the age and content of old textile fragments from the Friary of Folloni near Montella in Italy. C-14 analysis revealed fragments dated to 1220-1295, aligning with a medieval myth about Saint Francis of Assisi.
A new study finds that weak states of the high-altitude wind circling the Arctic have become more persistent, causing extreme winter chills in parts of the Northern hemisphere. The weakening of the polar vortex is linked to cold winters in regions like Russia and Europe.
Elliptic curves are mathematically doughnut-shaped objects with specific configurations of rational points that determine their properties. Mathematicians have found a new form of moonshine that reveals deep information about these curves, including infinitely many and their general behavior.
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) researchers have developed turbines to convert ocean wave energy into clean, renewable electricity. By harnessing the power of Kuroshio ocean currents and waves, they aim to generate 10 gigawatts of energy, equivalent to 10 nuclear power plants.
A study found low compliance with CDC recommendations for HIV and syphilis screening in at-risk adolescent patients in US emergency departments. The lack of adherence was attributed to inadequate clinician education, emphasizing the need for enhanced training.
Researchers have developed a framework to identify key patterns that precede extreme events in complex systems. The method combines equations and data analysis to predict precursors, achieving high accuracy rates in simulations.
A UTA study reveals that creating public-private partnerships is crucial for making telemedicine affordable and sustainable in rural India. The research highlights the importance of local ownership and financial sustainability in implementing telemedicine projects.
Researchers at NYU Dentistry have identified two proteins that regulate the formation of pearls, a process that could lead to the development of fracture-resistant materials. These materials could be used in dental implants, aerospace applications, or energy transmission.
Research finds that antibiotic use on people or pets, and biocidal cleaning products like bleach, contribute to MRSA multidrug resistance in the home environment. The presence of domestic pets and unwanted pests is also associated with multidrug-resistant strains.
Researchers developed a method to trace the history of beta-cells in zebrafish, revealing dynamic sub-populations with different developmental histories. These findings have implications for understanding diabetes progression and developing effective strategies for beta-cell regeneration and protection.
Researchers at the University of Maryland discovered two group A Streptococcus genes, scfA and scfB, involved in invasive skin infections. These genes may serve as promising clinical targets for therapeutics.
Cyclone Jose, a large storm with tropical-storm-force winds extending up to 220 miles from its center, continues to bring conditions to southern New England. The storm is expected to meander off the coast of New England for several days, with maximum sustained winds near 50 mph and gradual weakening forecasted.
HSE researchers Margarita Kuleva and Daria Maglevanaya studied the evolution of status groups in the fashion industry, analyzing 13,961 magazine covers from 1975 to 2017. They found a decline in collaboration between magazines and a diversification of beauty standards, with older, plus-size models gaining recognition.
Fires have broken out in areas previously burned by previous fires, highlighting the ongoing risk of wildfires in Australia. Heavy rainfall and overgrowth have created fire conditions that can spread quickly, putting new areas at risk.
A decade-long study by the Pierre Auger Collaboration has found six percent greater rate of extragalactic cosmic rays from one side of sky than other, suggesting acceleration sites are outside Milky Way. The observatory's detection provides compelling evidence for extragalactic origin of ultra-high energy cosmic particles.
The Cornell Center for Materials Research has been awarded $23.2 million in NSF funding for six years, a 26% increase from the 2011 award. This funding supports research projects focused on spin manipulation, light-matter interactions and 3D systems.
Scientists have developed a rapid and sensitive fingerprint test to detect cocaine use, showing 99% effectiveness. The test uses paper spray mass spectrometry and can be completed in minutes.
Researchers identified a new genetic syndrome caused by biallelic mutations in the FANCM gene, leading to early cancer formations and chemotherapy toxicity. Patients with this syndrome did not develop Fanconi anaemia, but had a higher risk of breast cancer and chromosomal fragility.
Research detects 30,000 high-energy particles with energies a million times greater than the LHC, finding that flux from certain regions of the sky is approximately 6% higher than uniform, indicating an extragalactic origin. The Pierre Auger Observatory detects these particles and analyzes their arrival directions.
A new polygenic hazard score test combines 31 genetic variants and APOE E4 to predict Alzheimer's risk in cognitively normal older adults, outperforming traditional APOE E4 testing. The test identifies high-risk individuals with early cognitive decline and higher amyloid plaque levels.
Researchers have developed a simple method to create more nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamonds, enhancing their sensing capabilities for magnetic fields. This breakthrough could lead to more compact devices and improved sensitivity, enabling the creation of unique quantum states.
Researchers at IMDEA Networks Institute developed a new mobile radio access technology for mm-wave frequencies, achieving high data rates and efficient capacity delivery. The new radio system concept targets operation in wide-contiguous bands and addresses specific challenges of mm-wave bands.
A SISSA study finds that people of normal weight associate natural foods with their sensory characteristics, while overweight individuals link processed foods to context. The research also highlights differences in brain activity between underweight and overweight participants when consuming the same stimuli.
A comprehensive study of legislative elections in 91 democracies found that half experienced substantial voter decline. Factors contributing to low turnout differ by country and regime change context. The study suggests exposure to democratic practice is not the main reason for decreased participation.
The Yale Initiative on Sustainable Finance (YISF) will provide high-quality research on capital flows into sustainability-oriented projects. YISF aims to investigate challenges in sustainable finance by partnering with market participants, non-profit organizations and WBCSD. The project focuses on clarifying ESG materiality for companies.
Researchers at the Natural History Museum used DNA barcoding to identify 80% of commercial orchid products as containing threatened species. The study highlights the need for increased regulation and monitoring in the global trade of orchids.
A new meta-analysis by Indiana University researchers found that no-till farming is not enough to prevent nitrate water pollution, which can lead to harm to aquatic ecosystems. The study suggests that no-till needs to be complemented with other techniques like cover cropping and intercropping to improve nitrate retention.
Srinivas Rangarajan, assistant professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at Lehigh University, received a research grant from the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund to investigate olefin production. The study aims to develop more energy-efficient catalysts for producing olefins directly from shale gas.
Researchers at MSU are developing more effective human-robot collaborations for search-and-rescue missions. The joint efforts of humans and robots can improve efficiency and accuracy in underwater rescues.
Researchers at Institut Pasteur successfully restored hearing and balance in a mouse model of USH1G syndrome using gene therapy, offering new hope for the treatment of hereditary deafness. The study demonstrates that inner ear defects caused by mutations in the USH1G gene can be reversed even after birth with durable efficacy.
QUT researchers have developed Australia's first pilot facility to produce commercial grade lithium-ion batteries, utilizing processes that enable extremely safe and efficient batteries. The facility can rapidly prototype new battery formulations and cell types, potentially kick-starting an Australian battery manufacturing industry.
A large study found that families of children treated with ECMO for heart conditions report positive outcomes regarding health and physical limitations. However, a higher rate of medical and behavioral issues were revealed through more detailed questioning, including learning disabilities in over 50% of patients.
A team of researchers from the University of Texas at Arlington is working with Macnica Americas to evaluate existing deep learning methods for face detection and facial recognition. The collaboration aims to improve performance and reduce computational load to make the technology more available to customers.
Aging is associated with a decrease in Cbf-beta protein, leading to an imbalance in bone maintenance and increased fat cell creation. Maintaining Cbf-beta may be essential to preventing age-associated osteoporosis.
Researchers found that smartphone apps significantly reduced people's depressive symptoms, suggesting these new digital therapies can be useful for managing the condition. The studies involved over 3400 participants and found that standalone apps were more effective than others.
A breakthrough in sequencing the white Guinea yam genome has opened up possibilities for improving the staple crop's yields, sustainability, and disease resistance. This achievement will help farmers increase productivity and transform yams from a neglected 'orphan' crop to a more domesticated and economically viable food source.
Laura Vandenberg, a leading expert on endocrine disrupting chemicals and their impact on human health, has been named one of CHE's '20 Pioneers Under 40 in Environmental Public Health'. Her groundbreaking research informs prevention-focused behaviors and policies to protect public health.
The Pierre Auger Collaboration reports that cosmic rays with energies a million times greater than the protons accelerated in the Large Hadron Collider come from much further away. The study discovered an anisotropy in the arrival directions of over 30,000 cosmic particles, indicating an extragalactic origin.
The University of Portsmouth's AIR Network aims to address the significant contributor to respiratory and cardiovascular disease in low-resource settings. By engaging with local communities through arts, theatre, and other methods, researchers will explore co-creating viable interventions to reduce exposure to air pollution.
A new study by USC ISI uses Twitter bots to spread positive messages, finding that information becomes viral when people are exposed multiple times. The researchers' findings suggest a cumulative reinforcement effect, where repeated exposure increases the likelihood of adopting an idea.
New study reveals technical differences between Italian and Greek textiles, suggesting distinct cultural influences. Advanced analysis of preserved textiles provides insights into raw materials, weaving techniques, and thread counts.
Researchers identified a new mechanism for how spinal cord injury weakens the immune system, leading to increased susceptibility to pneumonia. Disrupting nerve fibers to the adrenal glands may be a promising treatment strategy to prevent or reduce infections.
A study published in Party Politics found that 97% of voters were glad they participated, while 60% of non-voters regretted not voting. People who feel morally duty-bound to vote and those interested in politics are more likely to be satisfied with their decision.
Researchers found that a norm of solo reciprocity is insufficient to maintain cooperation, but can work in solidarity with unconditional cooperators. A society with solidarity between norms is more cooperative than one with solo reciprocity, according to the study.
Researchers at UCI have identified an important aspect of the brain's navigational system, revealing how rodents process and reactivate spatial information. This new knowledge has high accuracy predictions for animal speed and direction.