A study by Penn State found that most people overestimated the time it takes to walk or bike to work, with faculty and staff being the worst offenders. The researchers believe that education and encouragement can help increase self-confidence and improve travel times.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a model that parallels the kinetic theory of molecules, providing a solid foundation for understanding price fluctuations in stable financial markets. The study also aims to examine unstable markets vulnerable to external shocks.
To stabilize the climate, governments must undertake huge efforts of halving emissions by 2030 and achieving emission neutrality by 2050. Removing CO2 from the atmosphere through technical methods comes with risks and uncertainties.
The study found that Buša cattle account for a significant proportion of neutral genetic diversity in Bos taurus worldwide. The breed's unique genetic variation makes it an important conservation target for maintaining global genetic and functional diversity.
Patients with alcohol-related liver cancer tend to have poorer overall survival rates compared to those with non-alcohol related liver cancer. The study highlights the need for improved screening and treatment programs for patients at risk of developing cirrhosis or liver cancer, especially those who are still drinking.
Researchers have identified two biomarkers, KIM-1 and NGAL, that can detect acute and chronic kidney damage in children with cystic fibrosis. The study found that these biomarkers increase during exposure to antibiotics, even before a decline in kidney function is detected by traditional methods.
The Human Frontier Science Program has awarded $300,000 to 11 young researchers to support their frontier research projects. The recipients will return to their home countries or move to another member country to continue their work.
Scientists found that common ragweed can drastically reduce soybean yield by 76% in some cases, highlighting its potential threat to soybean production. The study suggests that early detection of weed growth is crucial to predict crop yield losses and inform pesticide application decisions.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered a potential 'off-switch' for inflammation by identifying the molecule itaconate, which can block production of inflammatory factors and protect against lethal inflammation. This breakthrough could lead to new anti-inflammatory medicines for diseases such as arthritis and heart disease.
Researchers have discovered a galaxy that is almost completely devoid of dark matter, forcing them to rethink the formation of galaxies. The team found that the stars in NGC1052-DF2 can account for all its mass, leaving little room for dark matter.
Researchers at the University of New Hampshire have found a dramatic increase in flooding on coastal roads along the East Coast, with 90 percent more frequent high tide floods occurring over the past 20 years. The study estimates that tidal nuisance flooding will cause over 3.4 billion hours of delays by 2100.
Researchers at Georgia State University identified a chemical compound that effectively inhibits the replication of the Ebola virus and several other viruses. The study found benzoquinoline to be a potent antiviral agent with activity against multiple viruses, including Marburg virus and Zika virus.
Scientists identified potential biomarkers in nonhuman primates exposed to Ebola virus that appeared up to four days before fever onset. These markers could predict disease development prior to other host-based indications of infection.
Researchers at Boston University have discovered a common pattern of immune response among monkeys exposed to Ebola virus, occurring four days before the onset of fever. This finding suggests a possible biomarker for early diagnosis and could lead to better quarantine and control of outbreaks.
A genetic mutation in EPAS1/HIF2A gene is found to be the main reason for the development of adrenal gland tumors in adults with cyanotic congenital heart disease. The study also reveals that patients with this severe type of heart disease have a sixfold higher risk of developing these tumors.
Researchers have discovered a key member of the SEDS protein family, RodA, which builds bacterial walls. Altering its structure can disrupt this function, making it an attractive target for new antibiotics.
Researchers have created a rechargeable yarn battery that can be twisted, stretched, and cut into multiple pieces, each powering a device. The battery maintains its charge capacity, is waterproof, and shows promise for wearable electronics.
Researchers discovered a Fast-Evolving Luminous Transient (FELT) captured by the Kepler Space Telescope in 2015. The transient rose in brightness over just 2.2 days and faded within 10 days, with scientists attributing its cause to a 'burp' from the star before exploding.
Vanderbilt researchers are developing a new surgical planning tool to improve voice outcomes for patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. By analyzing the aerodynamics of cicada wings, they aim to create customized implants that optimize voice production and breathing.
Researchers discovered a unique galaxy, NGC 1052-DF2, lacking most of its dark matter. The galaxy is as large as the Milky Way but contains only 1/200th the number of stars, leading to its classification as an ultra-diffuse galaxy.
A new insect fossil discovery highlights a striking resemblance between Canadian and Russian fossils from the same age period, further solidifying an ancient connection between the two regions. The similarity is remarkable, with only the wing color distinguishing the two species, Eomerope eonearctica and Eomerope asiatica.
Scientists have identified a complex signal chain involving the auxin hormone and calcium channels in plant cells. Calcium waves are used to communicate local auxin signals over long distances, influencing root architecture and differentiation processes.
Researchers discovered the crystal structure of Na2B30, a superhard boride, and found it stable under standard conditions. The study reconciled long-standing debates over its formula and properties.
New research analyzing oxygen isotopic compositions of lunar and terrestrial samples supports a high-energy collision model for the Moon's origin. Most of Earth's water is believed to have been delivered before the Moon-forming impact, contradicting previous proposals that it was added later.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that taking a standard prostate cancer drug with food can boost its impact and lower costs. By decreasing the daily dose, preventing digestive issues, and cutting costs by 75 percent, patients could save up to $300,000 per month.
Research finds drained fertile peatlands and irrigated organic soils boost nitrous oxide emission significantly. Conservation of fens and swamps is crucial to reduce climate change impact.
Researchers used satellite data to identify a major magma supply into a reservoir extending almost two miles from the crater of Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua. The findings suggest that volcanoes can be fed magma through nearby underground channels, helping explain how they erupt without warning.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab analyzed the cost, energy, and environmental implications of a fleet of self-driving electric vehicles operating in Manhattan. They found that shared automated electric vehicles could get the job done at a lower cost while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption.
Researchers using Hubble Space Telescope have discovered a galaxy with minimal to no dark matter, contradicting long-held assumptions about its presence in galaxies. The ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 contains at least 400 times less dark matter than predicted for a galaxy of its mass.
Texas A&M researchers use supercomputers to develop graphene oxide nanosheet coating that controls dendrite growth, improving cycle life and stability of lithium-metal batteries. The material is applied using a spray coating gun and has shown enhanced performance in experiments.
Researchers at Ames Laboratory have developed a CaloriSMART test system that demonstrates sustained cooling power of about 10 watts, with a 15 degree Celsius gradient, using only three cubic centimeters of gadolinium. The system enables rapid evaluation of materials in regenerators without significant investment.
Research suggests individuals who undergo bariatric surgery are more likely to find a new partner or get married compared to non-operated control subjects. However, separations and divorces may also increase slightly after surgery due to lifestyle changes.
A recent study by Penn State economists suggests that investing in public education leads to higher upward mobility and lower teen pregnancy rates. The researchers found that better school quality has nearly twice the beneficial effect on upward mobility as reducing high school dropout rates.
A study by Dartmouth College reveals that the West Greenland Ice Sheet melted at a dramatically higher rate over the last twenty years than at any other time in the modern record. The researchers attribute this unprecedented ice loss to a combination of specific weather patterns and an additional long-term warming trend associated with...
A study from Binghamton University reveals that funders on crowdfunding platforms prioritize a seller's reputation and opportunism over their competence in delivering the promised product. As product complexity increases, concerns for the seller's reputation also rise, while concerns over delivery ability decrease.
A new study published in Cephalalgia found that a single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation device can reduce the frequency of headache days by about three days per month. The device, called Spring TMS, was safe and easy to use, with 46% of patients experiencing at least 50% or less migraine attacks per month.
Scientists have found a unique galaxy that contains almost no dark matter, a finding that challenges the standard ideas of how galaxies work. The galaxy, called NGC1052-DF2, has a mass similar to that of the Milky Way but only a fraction of the expected dark matter.
Research found that women with PCOS are two to three times more likely to develop non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, regardless of their weight. High testosterone levels also increase the risk, even in normal-weight women.
A massive international study of 520,000 people has identified 22 previously unknown genetic contributors to stroke, shedding light on the complex biology of the disease. The findings suggest that stroke shares common genetic influences with other vascular conditions and may lead to personalized treatments.
Researchers at Saarland University developed a new self-optimizing conveyor technology that adapts to the size, weight, and desired speed of materials. The technology uses silicone polymer-based artificial muscles to transport dry bulk materials with sensor capabilities.
Researchers found that screening individuals with a high lifetime risk of developing precursor conditions like MGUS can reduce the prevalence and specific mortality of symptomatic multiple myeloma. By implementing regular screening and preventative measures, mortality rates can be lowered by up to 19% in certain groups.
A new model simulates sediment transport and coral reef development in response to climatic variability. The study reveals that high sediment loads prevented coral growth during early sea level rise, while a balance between climate, sea level, and physiography enabled reefs to thrive.
Researchers uncovered the anomaly in water's properties by using supercomputers to 'untune' its interactions, revealing a specific molecular arrangement that contributes to its unusual behavior. This discovery provides a simple explanation for phenomena such as water expanding on cooling and insects walking on its surface.
A sediment core from Sluice Pond has identified a layer of light brown organic-rich mud deposited between 1740 and 1810, suggesting an underwater landslide possibly triggered by the 1755 Cape Ann earthquake. The discovery provides new evidence for historic seismic activity in New England.
The 2018 Canada Gairdner Award laureates made significant discoveries in genomic imprinting and optogenetics, impacting human development and disease. Their work has led to a deeper understanding of gene expression, developmental biology, and neurological disorders.
Researchers discovered that aging reduces sensitivity to light in the brain's circadian rhythm control center, affecting the SCN's ability to set a stable circadian rhythm. This structural change in the glutamate receptor impairs its function, contributing to age-related disruptions in sleep patterns and overall wellbeing.
Researchers found two compounds effective in prolonging lifespan and protecting against brain damage in animal models of mitochondrial disease. These findings suggest that N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E may be viable leads for clinical trials to treat mitochondrial disease, which has no proven effective treatments.
A study published in JAMA Network found that deaths due to most infectious diseases decreased in the US over a 34-year period. However, significant variations in mortality rates were observed across different counties, with lower respiratory infections and HIV/AIDS being major contributors to these disparities.
African swine fever virus may survive in feed ingredients, posing a significant risk to the U.S. swine industry. Researchers are working to understand this risk and develop mitigation tools to prevent the virus from being introduced through feed.
The American Geriatrics Society recognizes Drs John Burton and George Drach for their long-standing commitment to improving geriatric care and education. Through their work, they have helped develop educational programs and researcher career development awards, promoting geriatric expertise across specialties.
Dr. Heather E. Whitson, a leading geriatrics researcher and clinician, will deliver a plenary presentation at the #AGS18 Annual Scientific Meeting. Her work focuses on improving care delivery systems to serve older adults with complex health needs.
Researchers have developed a new device that uses fluorescence to detect ions and identify the product of a rare radioactive decay called neutrinoless double-beta decay. The discovery could provide insight into the nature of the neutrino, which may offer an explanation for the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance.
A recent study found that high levels of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) can harm coral reefs by causing stress and accelerating bioerosion. However, when SGD is at low levels, corals can actually thrive on the reef, suggesting a potential solution to mitigate reef degradation in urban areas like Maunalua Bay.
A new study by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center team has calculated how 'Oumuamua fits into our understanding of planetary system development. The object, a fresh perspective on planetary formation, was likely ejected from a distant star system and is helping scientists constrain planet formation models.
Researchers have designed molecular perovskite-based energetic materials with improved explosive performances, including high detonation heat, velocity, and pressure. The new materials also exhibit increased thermal stability and low impact sensitivity, making them suitable for military devices and civil industry.
Researchers have found that a synthetic pheromone can lure beetles to concentrate on tamarisk bushes, doubling the die-back of the plants. This method is more precise and lower-cost than traditional methods like herbicides and mechanical removal.
A team of researchers has identified a previously unknown feature of human anatomy, revealing layers of the body as interconnected, fluid-filled compartments. This discovery has significant implications for understanding organ function, disease progression, and the development of new diagnostic tools.
Unstable atomic nuclei like Helium-8 and Lithium-8 can be investigated through beta decay and detection of decay products. The author discusses available experimental data and models applied to 'exotic' nuclei, revealing unresolved puzzles in the connection between microscopic structure and observable quantities.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the underlying biology behind pulmonary hypertension. By studying endothelial cells, they discovered that KLF15 protects these cells from damage caused by low oxygen levels, which can lead to blood vessel damage and progression of the disease.
Researchers discovered that people who are self-conscious in public may feel more embarrassed when watching ads with embarrassing content. However, adopting an observer's perspective can reduce feelings of embarrassment and increase willingness to take action. The study suggests devising strategies to overcome embarrassment avoidance i...