Young, regrowing forests in middle and high latitudes and areas with reforestation programs take up large amounts of CO2. This age effect accounts for about 25% of forests' CO2 uptake.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new drug delivery system that allows patients to switch from daily to monthly doses of antibiotics, reducing the burden of tuberculosis treatment. The device slowly releases antibiotics over one month, eliminating the need for daily pills.
Negative capacitance field-effect transistors (NC-FETs) have been proposed as a way to make traditional transistors more efficient by adding a thin layer of ferroelectric material. The technology has the potential to transform the semiconductor industry and enable chips that compute far more while requiring less frequent charging.
Researchers at Garvan Institute of Medical Research have developed a computational method to reduce the amount of memory necessary for genome alignment, allowing for real-time analysis on smartphones. This breakthrough enables remote disease identification and point-of-care microbial infections.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have developed a therapy that can improve and prolong sight in those suffering from vision loss by dampening noise generated by nerve cells in the eye. The treatment has shown promising results in mice with a genetic condition, retinitis pigmentosa.
Engineers at the University of British Columbia have created a three-dimensional computer model of bat flight, capturing its complexity for the first time. This breakthrough could lead to better drone design and efficient aerial vehicles.
Rice University researchers developed a novel molecular sieve that can remove perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) from polluted water more efficiently and effectively than current technologies. The nanomaterial features random, large-pore defects that improve its adsorption capacity and fast-adsorption kinetics.
A VA study examined the use of video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection in patients with known or suspected lung cancer from 2002 to 2015. The proportion of this minimally invasive procedure increased significantly over time, but its adoption varied by VA region.
Researchers from Helmholtz Munich used optoacoustic imaging with purple bacteria to detect macrophages in tumors, providing insights into their activity and role in cancer development. This breakthrough enables novel non-invasive technologies for diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers have developed tiny 'blinkers' that can image single molecules of RNA or protein inside cells simultaneously, opening up new possibilities for diagnostics and treatments. The approach uses fluorescent probes that blink with variable duration and frequency to detect dozens of biomolecules at once.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered Ragnase-1's crucial role in regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The study reveals how Ragnase-1's post-transcriptional regulation maintains blood cell homeostasis, preventing excessive proliferation associated with leukemia.
Researchers found that dammed rivers in Mexico's Pacific states experience severe coastal recession, with mangrove forests and commercial fishery habitats being particularly affected. The study highlights the need to consider the environmental and economic impacts of hydroelectric dams on entire regions.
Scientists have developed a retrievable wire-like device that safely delivers large dosages of drugs over several weeks to treat tuberculosis (TB) in pigs. The device, tested successfully, could help patients adhere to treatment regimens more easily, particularly in remote areas where healthcare resources are limited.
A study from MIT and Brigham and Women's Hospital found that nearly all pills and capsules contain ingredients that can cause allergic reactions or irritations in certain patients. The researchers aim to raise awareness of this issue and stimulate reforms to protect patients.
A randomized trial of ivermectin mass administration in children aged five or younger shows a 20% reduction in malaria episodes without adverse events. The study suggests ivermectin could be a useful tool in disease reduction to combat residual transmission.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have found that free fatty acids in the blood promote proliferation and growth of breast cancer cells in obese women. The study suggests a potential link between obesity and an increased risk of ER-positive breast cancer after menopause.
Researchers have discovered an anti-inflammatory compound in avocado seeds, which could help treat conditions like arthritis and cardiovascular diseases. The study provides evidence of bioactive compounds in avocado seeds that inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators.
Scientists tested the symmetry of space-time by comparing two atomic clocks, confirming their excellent accuracy and a fundamental hypothesis of the theory of relativity. The experiment improved the limits for testing space-time symmetry by a factor of 100.
A new study from Iowa State University researchers explores the biological processes by which exposure to metals can contribute to Parkinson's-like symptoms. The study found that manganese combines with a protein called alpha-synuclein, leading to misfolded proteins and a neurodegenerative response.
Researchers analyzed ancient ocean fossils to understand ecological transformation after mass extinctions. The study found that survivors shared similar traits with predecessors, but had a surge in modern traits like mobility and diverse feeding habits, driving recovery.
A new study by Harvard researchers finds that notifying potential tenants of past bedbug infestations can help reduce the spread of bedbugs and save landlords money. The policy creates an unofficial quarantine, reducing the chances of an infested unit being rented and allowing landlords time to thoroughly treat the space.
Researchers have discovered 83 supermassive black holes powering quasars 13 billion years ago, shedding light on their formation and evolution. This finding increases the number of known black holes at that epoch and provides new insights into their impact on the early universe's gas state.
A global study found that democratic governance is linked with declines in cardiovascular disease mortality and road deaths, as well as increases in government health spending. Life expectancy improved faster in countries that transitioned to democracy between 1970 and 2015 compared to those that did not.
Tropical Cyclone Idai is approaching the coast of Mozambique with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating powerful thunderstorms. NASA's Terra satellite captured infrared data showing Idai's eye is about 20 nautical miles wide, with maximum sustained winds near 103.6 mph.
Researchers have identified a key pathway, ufmylation, that regulates plasma cell development and antibody production. By targeting this pathway, scientists hope to develop more effective vaccines and treatments for autoimmune diseases like lupus and arthritis.
Researchers found that agricultural lime alters the strontium isotopic composition of surface waters and plants in non-calcareous soils. This can result in incorrect interpretations of prehistoric people's origins and movement, affecting studies on provenance and mobility.
A new study reveals that the development of progenitor cells depends on protein quantity and interaction with other cells. Cells with high P120ctn expression remain in the central part of the pancreas, while those with low expression migrate to the peripheral area, where they acquire their final fate.
Athletes competing in singles tennis, golf, and cycling events are most at risk of sunburn due to prolonged exposure to sunlight. The study recommends adopting specific sun protection regulations and guidelines to mitigate the risks.
A study by WVU researchers finds that 70% of West Virginia teachers report an increase in students impacted by substance use at home, but only 10% feel confident in supporting these students. The study highlights the need for additional training and support for teachers to address the downstream effects of the opioid crisis on children.
A preclinical therapy attached to an antibody targeting the ALK protein shows effectiveness against most neuroblastoma cells, killing cancer cells with minimal harm to healthy tissues. This approach could lead to new treatment options for aggressive forms of neuroblastoma and other high-mortality childhood cancers.
This research project investigates how urban gardens impact ecosystems by analyzing soil health, microbe populations, water quality, and greenhouse gas emissions. The findings will inform policymakers and growers on how to make better land use decisions.
Researchers are developing methods to extract DNA and analyze chemicals from fingerprints, improving identification rates. These techniques involve analyzing molecules like DNA, amino acids, or explosives left behind in fingerprints.
A report by the University of Cambridge explores the nature and resolution of maths anxiety, finding that girls tend to be more affected than boys and that teachers and parents may inadvertently play a role in its development. The study also highlights the need for conscious awareness of an individual's maths anxiety affecting their pe...
A new study suggests that democracy is associated with improved public health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries, especially in areas such as cardiovascular disease and noncommunicable diseases. The researchers found that democratic institutions and processes can be a catalyst for improving population health.
Researchers created a novel system to measure platelet function within two minutes, allowing doctors to estimate trauma patients' risk of bleeding. The device uses microfluidic technology and activates platelets with obstacle blocks, enabling real-time assessment of platelet forces.
Researchers at UVA Health System found that perivascular cells are essential for complete blood vessel formation. The discovery offers new direction for treating conditions like diabetes and heart attacks by growing functional blood vessels.
Researchers at U of T discovered the human hippocampus is sensitive to time information on short timescales, helping bind together information about time when forming long-term memories. The study builds on a previous rodent study that found 'time cells' in the hippocampus.
A recent study found that high levels of human impact on chimpanzee habitats lead to a significant reduction in behavioral diversity. The researchers analyzed data from 144 social groups across Africa and found that behaviors such as tool use, nut consumption, and thermoregulation were lost at sites with high human disturbance.
A supplement to OTA International journal summarizes current status and future needs of national trauma systems in lower- and higher-income countries. The report highlights the importance of well-developed trauma systems in improving patient outcomes and reducing trauma-related mortality.
A research collaboration between Columbia University and a genomicist has identified specific genetic pathways associated with antidepressant resistance. The team hopes to develop new treatments that can circumvent resistance in millions of people who do not respond to current medications.
Researchers found that 86% of East Africa's ecoregions have achieved the Aichi Target 11 goal of protecting at least 10% of each region by 2020. However, three ecoregions are poorly represented with less than 10% coverage. Protected areas cover at least 10% of endemic species' ranges, but many species still lack full protection.
Scientists have developed a statistical tool to predict breast cancer recurrence and progression, using molecular patterns from nearly 2000 women. The research identified distinct clinical trajectories for different breast cancer subtypes, highlighting the importance of personalized treatment options.
Researchers have created a new method to synthesize miniature light sources using optically active halide perovskites. The process produces millions of nanolasers in a few minutes and offers good control over synthesis, making it suitable for industrial adaptation.
Researchers created a nano-bot with magnetic 'tweezers' that can position a bead inside a human cell in three dimensions with unprecedented precision. The technology has been used to study cancer cells, showing the nucleus is not equally stiff in all directions and providing new insights for diagnosis.
The NIH supports an international moratorium on clinical germline editing due to safety, ethical, and philosophical concerns. The call comes after irresponsible research in China, where twins were born with altered DNA before implantation.
Scientists have devised an elegant tool to quantify the movement and changing morphology of cells through time using machine learning. The software, Usiigaci, analyzes microscopic snapshots of migrating cells and detects their changing outlines, enabling single-cell tracking at unprecedented resolution.
A new sensor system is being developed to monitor the quality of hydrogen at hydrogen fuelling stations, ensuring safe and reliable operation of fuel cell vehicles. The system uses an infrared measuring cell that can detect contaminants in hydrogen, which can damage fuel cells and reduce power output.
Researchers found that chronic exposure to realistic soil concentrations of imidacloprid affects solitary bees' mass, immature development speed, and adult longevity. Ground-nesting bee species are more susceptible to pesticide effects due to their smaller nest sizes and prolonged underground stays.
Researchers have developed a method to extract rare-earth elements from phosphogypsum mining waste, a potentially game-changing solution to alleviate the world's REE supply shortages. The use of microorganisms to dissolve the elements has shown promise as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional methods.
The study found that percentage-based evidence and human interest stories increased engagement, while discussing overall problem magnitude didn't. Researchers used a nonprofit's health care access campaign to test the effectiveness of different messaging approaches.
The project aims to understand how the Internet has influenced Orthodox Christianity, particularly in terms of social media and online practices. Researchers plan to analyze blogs, interview churchgoers, and examine the role of social media in shaping Orthodox traditions.
A new technology accelerates the science of deceleration by designing self-lubricating brakes that prevent wear-and-tear and have better frictional properties than current market brakes. The breakthrough could lead to smaller, more efficient, and cost-effective brake pads for cars and trains.
Scientists at the University of Sydney have modelled how marine snow absorbs carbon dioxide over millennia, keeping the planet cool. The study found that carbonate accumulation in deep-sea sediments has increased significantly over time, with a net increase in total volume of carbonate sediments in the oceans.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine have made breakthroughs in treating liver cancer with a combination immunotherapy approach. This therapy successfully suppresses tumor growth and induces complete remission in some mouse models, offering new hope for patients diagnosed with this devastating disease.
Breast cancer researchers found that stress hormones increase glucocorticoid receptor activity in metastatic cells, leading to tumor heterogeneity and reduced chemotherapy effectiveness. Synthetic derivatives of stress hormones also decrease chemotherapy efficacy.
A new quality improvement plan at Olathe Medical Center increased patient satisfaction scores with medication understanding, while decreasing readmission rates. The interdisciplinary team's approach included bedside nurse reviews, visual aid forms, pharmacist education, and post-discharge phone calls to reinforce medication knowledge.
Scientists from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed a novel platform to classify neurons in a mouse brain based on shape, connectivity, and location. This comprehensive approach enables precise identification of neuronal subtypes, such as axo-axonic cells, and sheds light on their unique characteristics.
Small-scale fishermen in six European countries prioritize trust, transparency, and fairness over ecological effectiveness when supporting marine protected areas. Perceptions of social impacts and good governance processes are stronger predictors of local support than ecological effectiveness.
A new study published in the Cambridge Journal of Education found that parents' perceptions about the social demographic and environment of local mainstream schools drive their choice of Free Schools. Academic quality and school performance were key factors, with smaller class sizes and a traditional approach also being important.
A new study published in Frontiers in Physiology found that farmed Atlantic salmon's respiratory systems function normally even when carrying large loads of the piscine orthoreovirus. The research, conducted at the University of British Columbia, suggests that infected fish do not experience significant harm to their physiology.