A new study by Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers shows that daily MRI imaging paired with radiation can monitor tumor changes in real-time. The technology has the potential to signal early warning signs of tumor growth, allowing for faster and more targeted treatment adaptations.
Researchers use high-resolution computer simulations and terabytes of data to detect faint signals from the Epoch of Reionization, providing insights into galaxy formation. The study sets an upper limit on when the EoR likely ended, offering a new parameter for scientists to work with as they continue to investigate the early universe.
Research reveals that children who attended day care regularly are more likely to overcome stereotypical beliefs in adulthood. Participants who spent time in day care were quicker to adjust their behavior when interacting with people of different ages.
Researchers found Vikings traveled extensively for walrus ivory, covering 6,000 km, including interactions with indigenous Arctic populations.
Researchers developed a novel molecular tool, SYNCit-K, that enhances synaptic strength, leading to induced sleep and improved sleep quality in mice. The study reveals the role of synaptic connections in controlling sleep homeostasis.
A clinical trial found time-restricted eating improved blood sugar regulation and reduced markers of metabolic dysfunction in adults with metabolic syndrome. Participants who followed a customized eight-to-ten-hour eating window saw significant improvements compared to standard treatments.
Scientists have developed a new method to build durable asphalt pavements that can withstand rutting and cracking due to low temperatures and heavy loads. The method uses the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) device to assess the thermal cracking of asphalt binders, resulting in more accurate predictions and a faster testing process.
A new trial suggests that adding immunotherapy to chemoradiation can extend survival in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. However, the findings also indicate that delivering the treatments at different times yields varying results, with concurrent treatment not offering improved survival benefits.
A new study reveals that extreme El Niño events are responsible for the increased sensitivity of CO₂ in the atmosphere to tropical temperatures. This finding challenges previous assumptions about climate change and highlights the importance of understanding internal climate variability.
A study published in JACC demonstrates that subclinical atherosclerosis burden and progression independently predict death from any cause. Asymptomatic individuals with high carotid plaque burden and coronary artery calcification are at increased risk of mortality.
Natural Killer (NK) cell-based therapies have shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies for treating Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), offering a potential cure with minimal prior antigen sensitization. However, the dysfunction of NK cells in AML patients poses a significant challenge that must be overcome to unlock their full ther...
Researchers developed a new imaging technique using shortwave-infrared (SWIR) imaging to visualize the lymphatic system, improving resolution and sensitivity compared to traditional near-infrared (NIR) imaging. SWIR imaging with silver sulfide quantum dots offers superior image resolution and outperforms NIR-I imaging techniques.
Ferah Munshi is studying the formation of Low Surface Brightness galaxies, which make up nearly 50% of the universe. Her research aims to understand why these galaxies are dim and large, including their dark matter content and distribution.
After analyzing human immune cells and TB patients, researchers found that TCA metabolism plays a crucial role in DNA methylation. Adding an inhibitor of TCA activation reduced detrimental marks, suggesting epigenetic healing is possible. This discovery may lead to new treatment strategies for infectious diseases.
A new study reveals a significant association between COVID-19 and acute kidney disorders, including acute kidney injury, peaking during the second week after infection. Healthcare providers should closely monitor kidney function in COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe cases, particularly during the first few weeks after infection.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have identified a key gene, glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), that enables Syrian hamsters to survive extreme cold by limiting cellular damage. The discovery could lead to new treatments for human health, such as improving organ preservation and using hypothermia as a therapeutic tool.
The NRG Oncology trial found that atezolizumab given concurrently with chemoradiation did not improve overall survival for patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. However, the study suggests that LS-SCLC patients benefit from immunotherapy when given after completion of chemoradiation.
Researchers found that heart transplant recipients from most deprived areas had a higher risk of dying within five years and experiencing organ failure compared to those from less deprived areas. Treatment at high-quality hospitals did not translate into better outcomes.
Researchers discovered a massive number of evolutionary events in the Asteraceae family on remote islands, resulting from rapid speciation over short time periods. The findings confirm that larger, isolated islands harbor unique species and highlight the importance of protecting this diverse group of plants.
A new microscope-integrated OCT system has been developed to identify tumor margins during brain surgery, providing high-resolution images of subsurface anatomy. The system has shown promising results in clinical studies, with the potential to improve outcomes for neurosurgery procedures.
A new UAF study tracked the reproduction, movement and survival of Canada lynx as their population collapsed due to primary prey snowshoe hare cycles. The findings indicate a clear evidence of a traveling population wave originating in the east and moving westward.
The SMall Aspect Ratio Tokamak (SMART) is a compact spherical tokamak that benefits from PPPL computer codes and expertise in magnetics and sensor systems. Negative triangularity is expected to offer enhanced performance by suppressing instabilities and preventing damage to the tokamak wall.
The XRISM space mission is providing unprecedented insights into the galactic neighborhoods of supermassive black holes. The mission's data confirms decades-old speculation about these regions, revealing complex structures and unexpected clues about their environment.
A nationwide Swedish study found that full vaccination significantly reduced the risk of severe cardiovascular outcomes linked to COVID-19, such as heart attack and stroke. However, temporary increases in cardiovascular risk were observed after individual doses, particularly among elderly and males.
Cross-polymerization between bio-oil and polyaniline enhances pore development, yielding a material with high specific surface area and hydrophilicity. The resulting nitrogen-doped porous activated carbon shows superior performance in phenol adsorption.
A new study finds that a nearby eroding river gorge is causing Mount Everest's peak to rise by 15-50 meters over the past 89,000 years. The research suggests that the loss of landmass due to erosion is causing the mountain to spring upwards by as much as 2 millimeters a year.
A new Columbia University School of Nursing-led study explores how patients view the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve mental health care. The survey found that 49.3% of participants considered AI beneficial for mental health care, but with concerns over incorrect diagnoses and patient autonomy.
A study published in Blood Advances found that CAR-T therapy can be administered safely and effectively on an outpatient basis in community hospitals, mitigating barriers to access. The treatment showed high efficacy rates, with 80% of patients experiencing an objective response and 54% achieving a complete response.
Researchers at University of Gothenburg propose inhibiting somatostatin to restore glucagon release and prevent dangerous blood sugar levels. This approach has the potential to save lives and is supported by experimental results in mice with type 1 diabetes.
The number of female residents matriculating to high-paying medical specialties has increased over the past 14 years, driven by a notable rise in women entering high-compensation surgical fields. Despite ongoing inequities, the proportion of female matriculants to these specialties has risen from 32.7% in 2008 to 40.8% in 2022.
A new wearable laser device can non-invasively monitor changes in brain blood flow and volume, offering a simple way to assess stroke risk. The device uses speckle contrast optical spectroscopy to detect early physiological signs of increased stroke risk.
Researchers at TU Graz have developed a new machine learning method that generates precise live MRI images of the beating heart using only a few MRI measurement data. This breakthrough enables faster and cheaper MRI applications, including quantitative MRI for diagnoses.
Researchers at the University of Ottawa discovered that engineered achiral materials can selectively absorb twisted light due to interactions between different parts of the wavefront. This finding debunks long-held myths about dichroism in achiral structures, promising advancements in optical devices.
Researchers discovered a new North American parasitic worm, Ochetosoma elongatum, in native snake species in the Kanto region. The study found the parasite's route of invasion and published its findings in Parasitology International.
A new study published in PNAS Nexus reveals that users with extreme political views are more likely to both encounter and believe false news on social media. The researchers used Twitter data and surveys to estimate exposure and belief in articles, finding that early interventions can be effective in reducing the spread of misinformation.
A UT Arlington study suggests that speaking up is key to ethical decision-making in research groups. The researchers found that fostering an environment where everyone feels empowered to voice concerns can help prevent unethical behavior. An 'ethical champion' who steps up to speak out against potential issues was a common finding.
A study found that ride-hailing apps like Uber and Lyft mitigate the impact of driver racial discrimination on wait times, but systemic segregation persists. The research estimated that at least 3% of drivers must be discriminating based on race to produce cancellation disparities.
A team of researchers from USC and Caltech developed a new noninvasive tool to measure brain blood pressure, assessing stroke risk through changes in blood flow and volume during a stress test. The affordable, portable device has the potential to transform stroke care by providing more reliable data than existing questionnaires.
Researchers at Tohoku University have successfully applied quantum squeezing to enhance the accuracy of measurements in complex quantum systems. By reducing uncertainty in one aspect while increasing it in another, they can measure variables like position and momentum with greater precision.
A critical review reveals a significant oversight in research and global regulatory frameworks regarding microplastics in leave-on cosmetics. The study highlights the need for new analytical methodologies to aid future enforcement efforts.
A new brain-mapping neurotechnology called Single Transcriptome Assisted Rabies Tracing (START) has been developed to map the brain's intricate neuronal connections. The technique combines two advanced technologies to resolve cortical connectivity at the resolution of transcriptomic cell types, enabling the identification of distinct p...
A recent study found that limiting food consumption within a 10-hour window per day improved key indicators of heart health in adults with metabolic syndrome. The study demonstrated significant reductions in blood sugar and cholesterol levels, as well as lower levels of hemoglobin A1c, a marker of long-term blood sugar management.
The Purdue-led TOMI project aims to improve the sustainability of tomato production in Indiana through data-driven research. The team has developed new breeding techniques that promote beneficial microbial relationships between tomatoes and soil microorganisms.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism involving astrocytes for treating Alzheimer's disease, revealing that autophagy pathway in astrocytes removes toxic proteins and recovers memory and cognitive functions. Astrocytic autophagy plasticity modulates Aβ clearance and improves brain function recovery.
Researchers developed a model to project Italy's energy storage needs for a renewable energy system, accounting for daily and seasonal fluctuations. The model suggests that increasing short-term energy storage capacity is critical for decarbonizing the power sector.
Children worldwide fail to meet WHO guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, highlighting the need for effective context-specific programs. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding factors influencing these behaviors in young children.
A new study published in PNAS suggests that delivering microparticles containing CCL2 directly to the gums can inhibit bone loss and speed up bone repair in a mouse model of periodontal disease. The therapy modulates the immune response, shifting macrophages from inflammatory M1 type to anti-inflammatory M2 type.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that subclinical atherosclerosis is independently associated with the risk of dying from any cause. The study also showed that monitoring the progression of atherosclerosis can improve the prediction and prevention of death from any cause.
The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment will receive funding to improve mitigation estimates for agricultural management practices. The funding will support the work of researchers in advancing the understanding of conservation practices on greenhouse gas fluxes.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine identified ZNF750 as a key player in controlling inflammation, shedding light on susceptibility to inflammatory skin diseases. The study paves the way for more effective therapies and broader insights into molecular biology of skin cells.
The Pantanal's soda lakes, characterized by high pH and salinity, have practically dried up due to rising temperatures and wildfires. The study found that certain types of lakes, such as eutrophic turbid lakes, emit methane due to cyanobacterial blooms and decomposing organic matter.
Researchers developed a frailty screening questionnaire that predicts short-term mortality in dogs aged 10 and older. The tool, combined with veterinarian assessments of body and muscle condition, is a simple yet effective predictor of canine frailty.
A clinical trial found that mavacamten, a cardiac myosin inhibitor, reduced biomarkers of cardiac wall stress and injury in patients with heart failure. The treatment showed no significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction.
A comparative study by Lero reveals that electric vehicles have a higher chance of experiencing an at-fault insurance claim, with a 4% increase in crashes compared to internal combustion engines. The research also found that hybrids show no further increased risk, indicating EVs have a higher risk profile.
Edward Oughton is gathering perishable operational decision data from critical infrastructure operators to model space weather hazards. The project aims to improve future scientists' and engineers' understanding of space weather hazards, supported by $84,999 in National Science Foundation funding.
A recent study found that Alaska's universal cash transfer program had a minimal impact on birthweight but significant benefits for birthing people and families, including reduced financial stress. The research suggests that timing of cash resources can play a crucial role in supporting maternal and newborn health.
A panel of experts recommends 36 nutrition competencies for US medical students and physician trainees to improve patient health outcomes and address diet-related diseases. The proposed competencies cover six categories, including foundational knowledge, assessment and diagnosis, and collaborative support.
Researchers developed two new AI-powered smartphone apps to spot depression warnings in pupils' dilation, unconscious facial expressions, and head movements. The systems showed 76% accuracy in detecting depressed states, outperforming existing smartphone-based detection platforms.
A new Kaiser Permanente study found that integrating suicide care into routine primary care visits reduced the rate of suicide attempts by 25% within 90 days. The integrated care model also led to a significant increase in safety planning and assessments for depression, alcohol, and drug use.
A study by FAMU-FSU College of Engineering researcher Nasrin Alamdari found that the shape, size, and density of microplastics affect their sinking speed, impacting urban stormwater transport. The research suggests solutions like permeable pavements and green spaces can trap microplastics, reducing pollution.