Professor Helle Ulrich will investigate how a small regulatory protein called ubiquitin contributes to DNA replication and repair, and decipher how cells direct different pathways. The ERC Advanced Grant aims to gain a deeper mechanistic understanding of ubiquitin's function in preventing mutations that can cause ageing and cancer.
Researchers at the University of California - San Diego developed a soft, stretchy electrode that can simulate pressure or vibration sensations using electrical signals. The device overcomes existing pain-inducing issues with rigid metal electrodes by conforming to the skin, providing localized stimulation.
Researchers found that H5N1 virus particles in unpasteurized milk can remain stable on metal and rubber components of commercial milking equipment for over an hour. This increases the potential for bird flu exposure among dairy farm workers and animal-to-animal transmission.
Researchers found that WIC enrollment was associated with lower rates of gestational diabetes, preterm birth, blood transfusions, and ICU admissions. This suggests that programs like WIC can improve pregnancy health.
The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) has identified seven strategies to address barriers to quality obesity care for older adults. These strategies emphasize the importance of an interprofessional team approach, long-term contact with registered dietitians and exercise physiologists, and addressing socioeconomic factors.
Researchers successfully synthesized Ruddlesden-Popper nitrides for the first time, exhibiting rich variety of structural, electronic, and magnetic properties. The new compounds display exciting magnetic characteristics and potential applications in energy conversion and photovoltaics.
A survey of pediatric bariatric surgeons found significant variation in the use of weight loss medications, particularly GLP-1As, in young patients. Most respondents prescribe GLP-1As for patients considering MBS, but preoperative and postoperative practices vary widely.
A study found that patients with treatment-refractory cancers who received protocol exemptions to participate in a large basket/umbrella oncology trial experienced similar rates of clinical benefit and adverse events as patients who participated in the trial without waivers. The results suggest that broadening eligibility criteria for ...
A new study by University of Notre Dame researchers finds that US states are shaping US-China relations through subnational diplomacy, ranging from pro-engagement to confrontation. States like California and Indiana engage with China through climate partnerships and educational exchanges, while others adopt more confrontational policies.
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) has awarded a four-year, $5.2 million grant to Wayne State University's Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors (CURES). The CURES team will investigate the basis for urban environmental health disparities and the human health impact of environmental exposure...
A CHARMed collaboration has created a set of molecular tools called CHARMs that can turn off disease-causing genes, including those coding for the prion protein. The tools have shown promise in silencing the prion protein gene and improving or eliminating disease symptoms in animals.
A systematic review of 50 studies on donor-conceived individuals found comparable well-being outcomes to non-donor conceived people, including higher self-esteem and relationship warmth. However, a significant proportion experience identity difficulties and trust issues due to lack of information about their genetic parentage.
A recent study found that multiple Mycena mushroom species have unexpectedly large genomes, suggesting they can adapt to different lifestyles as circumstances change. This discovery has important implications for understanding an organism's habits from their genome sequences alone.
Researchers at Drexel University model the potential extent of flooding and combined sewer overflows in Camden, New Jersey, as climate change exacerbates the problem. The team's 'all-pipes' model simulates stormwater flows through every surface and pipe in the area, providing a unique solution to mitigate environmental and health risks.
David Sarlah joins Rice University as a CPRIT-funded professor to contribute to the university's cancer research, focusing on natural product synthesis and total synthesis for cancer biology. His lab aims to streamline production of compounds used in cancer therapy.
A new Oregon State University study found that young Pacific cod in near shore safe havens were severely affected by recent marine heat waves in the Gulf of Alaska. The researchers estimated that only the largest 15-25% of the island's cod population survived, leading to significant changes in abundance, growth rates and diet.
A new study reveals that the Supreme Court's ruling weakening the Clean Water Act leaves many US waterways vulnerable to pollution. Ephemeral streams, which only flow during weather events, contribute significantly to river systems' total output, with 55% of water coming from them on average.
Researchers at the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) have developed an innovative robotic rehabilitation system called SPINDLE to enhance the strength and dexterity of individuals with tremors. The study revealed significant benefits, including improved motor control, coordination, and neuroplasticity.
Researchers have identified a new potential target for colorectal cancer treatment in the form of the protein PFDN6. Studies found that PFDN6 levels are increased in CRC patients, contributing to tumor growth and cell migration. Reducing PFDN6 in lab studies slowed cancer cell spread and increased cell death.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen reveals that AI has helped detect significantly more cases of breast cancer and reduce radiologist workloads. The AI system has been used to analyze tens of thousands of X-rays every year, resulting in a 12% increase in detected cases, including more small tumours of one centimetre or less.
Researchers developed a one-dimensional model to predict soil temperatures around energy piles in Southeast Asia. They found that temperature distribution remained stable despite changes in soil thermal conductivity, indicating GSHP systems can be designed flexibly.
A new approach to testing for Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) has been shown to reduce unnecessary testing by 20%. The study, published in the American Journal of Infection Control, introduces a clearly defined, evidence-based test ordering process that targets specific patient groups and reduces inappropriate testing.
The study successfully sequenced the genome of purple finger lemon 'YaoJi', identifying key genes linked to rind color variations. The research provides a genomic foundation for further genetic studies and breeding programs, shedding light on the evolutionary history of finger lemons.
Scientists have discovered a material that can harness waste heat, increasing energy efficiency and sustainability. The researchers found that thinner cadmium arsenide films exhibit higher thermoelectric sensitivity, allowing for more efficient cooling in cryogenic environments.
Researchers at Princeton and UCLA developed a passive mechanism to cool buildings in summer and warm them in winter by restricting radiant heat flows. Common materials like polyvinyl fluoride and plastics can be adapted for this purpose, achieving energy savings and thermal comfort beyond traditional building envelopes.
Researchers have discovered exceptionally preserved trilobite fossils, over 500 million years old, that provide detailed information about the anatomy and behavior of these ancient creatures. The findings, published in Science, reveal new insights into the evolution of life on Earth.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have reclassified Foxp3 as a transcriptional cofactor, revealing its reliance on DNA-binding proteins to regulate the immune system. This discovery has significant implications for future T-cell engineering and potentially treating autoimmune diseases.
A novel peptide, KS-133, has been developed to target genetic mechanisms associated with schizophrenia. The nanoparticle-based drug delivery system, where KS-133 is encapsulated with a brain-targeting peptide, shows effective distribution in the brains of mice and improves cognitive functions in mice with induced schizophrenia.
Researchers discovered underlying sex differences in molecular pathways driving reward-related behaviors, which could lead to more effective treatments for mental health disorders. The study found that females use a different channel for calcium ions and an estrogen receptor to strengthen connections between brain regions.
A new type of porous material can accommodate and separate multiple gases at decreased energy cost. The flexible material combines rigidity and flexibility to enable size-based gas separation. Its scalability and sustainability make it an attractive solution for various industries.
A new mixed-methods study found that pregnant and postpartum people who died by suicide were more likely to experience intimate partner problems, depression, substance abuse, and health problems. The study highlights the need for policies and practices targeting these factors to reduce perinatal suicide risk.
Researchers predict that climate change will drive a substantial redistribution of brown seaweeds and seagrasses globally, with potential expansions into Arctic and Antarctic regions. The loss of these habitat-forming marine macrophytes can trigger cascading effects on other species, compromising the integrity of entire ecosystems.
A new study demonstrates the potential of stem cell therapy to treat Hirschsprung disease by generating nerve cell precursors that produce missing nerves in the intestine. Transplanted gut samples showed improved functionality, suggesting a breakthrough for this rare condition.
Researchers found that providing simple hints on structural formulas reduces stress and improves performance in biology classes, as students were able to focus on the essentials without feeling overwhelmed. In contrast, self-efficacy remained unchanged, with students acknowledging their incomplete knowledge of formulas.
Rural residents with head and neck cancer experience higher mortality rates due to factors like alcohol use, tobacco consumption, and lower HPV vaccination rates. This disparity widens the rural-urban mortality gap.
A groundbreaking study discovered optimal Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) settings to prevent muscle fatigue and enhance recovery. The research, published in the Cyborg Bionic Systems journal, highlights the crucial relationship between current amplitude and stimulation time.
Researchers found that tropical tree communities exhibit higher levels of phytochemical diversity, leaf herbivory, and specialized herbivory compared to less diverse subtropical and subalpine forest communities. This study highlights the importance of biotic interactions in maintaining biodiversity in tropical regions.
A recent study found that vaccination can reduce cognitive symptoms, including memory loss, after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Researchers identified IL-1β as a potential mechanism driving cognitive impairment and showed that prior vaccination reduced inflammation and lowered levels of this cytokine protein.
A study of 1,106 newborns from five countries found that prenatal exposure to ethylene oxide is associated with lower birth weight and smaller head circumference. The results suggest that reducing exposure to ethylene oxide could protect fetal health and improve birth outcomes.
Deep-sea organisms have developed biophysical adaptations to survive harsh conditions, including unique lipid structures. Researchers found that ctenophores have exaggerated cone-shaped lipids that help them withstand intense pressure.
A study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia researchers found that elementary age children are more likely to experience concussions during recreation and other non-sport activities. These injuries often lead to longer recovery times due to delayed specialist care. The findings highlight the need for education and awareness about co...
Researchers have developed a new radiotracer, FDT, which enables accurate detection of live TB bacteria in the body. This approach is more specific than existing methods and could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment outcomes for TB patients.
Researchers uncover a previously unknown partnership between Rhizobia bacteria and marine diatoms that fixes large amounts of nitrogen in the ocean. This discovery has significant implications for global marine productivity and carbon dioxide uptake.
A new study reveals that people with insomnia cannot be grouped together due to differing brain connections. Research found distinct circuits and abnormalities in the limbic circuit for each type of insomnia, which could lead to more specific treatments.
Research reveals a lack of training and resources for US caseworkers to address online safety concerns, resulting in prioritization of physical safety over emotional and social well-being. The study proposes socio-technical systems to improve online safety for foster youths.
Researchers at UNICAMP and UCA optimize anthocyanin extraction from jabuticaba peel, achieving a higher yield than traditional methods. The novel method uses biosorbent material derived from the residue, resulting in an efficient and environmentally friendly process.
A team at Stanford University has developed a DIY lab platform that can evaluate dozens of chemotaxis samples in minutes, allowing for rapid discovery of promising new molecules. The platform uses an off-the-shelf flatbed scanner and can prep 20 plates at a time, performing 80 chemical assays in about an hour.
A new mathematical model suggests that male mammals' absence of breastfeeding may be an evolutionary strategy to limit the spread of harmful microbes. The theory proposes that maternal-only lactation acts as a sieve, retaining beneficial microbes and preventing their transmission through mammary milk.
Researchers found that patterns of neural activity in the hypothalamus predict performance in survival tasks, while associations with other brain regions were observed for hunting and escaping behaviors. The study provides new insights into how the human brain coordinates survival strategies.
GLP-1 receptor agonists promote preingestive satiation via neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus, increasing feelings of fullness and reducing food intake in both mice and humans. This study provides new insights into the neural pathways underlying GLP-1RAs' effects on obesity.
Researchers introduce CHARM, a compact epigenetic editor that can silence prion protein throughout the brain. The tool provides a path towards an effective first-line treatment for patients with deadly prion disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.
A recent study investigates maternal suicide mortality during the perinatal period, revealing complex factors and opportunities for further research. The findings underscore the importance of evidence-based interventions targeting mental health, substance use, and intimate partner problems to prevent maternal suicide and enhance matern...
Researchers found that Black women living near areas of unrest experienced higher levels of emotional eating and stress, while those in safer neighborhoods engaged in cognitive restraint. The study suggests that vicarious racial discrimination can lead to race-based traumatic stress and poor mental and physical health outcomes.
Researchers used stable oxygen isotope Delta-O-18 to analyze ITCZ changes over 30,000 years. The study identifies main components for ITCZ size, strength, and position influenced by Earth's axis inclination and orbit eccentricity.
Research finds that UK military personnel, particularly those in lower ranks, are at higher risk of experiencing financial, relationship, and work-related problems due to gambling. The study highlights the need for better, earlier, and targeted support to address this issue.
Researchers have discovered how a neutralizing antibody blocks measles virus infection by arresting the fusion process. The study's findings may also be relevant to other viruses with pandemic potential, such as Nipah and parainfluenza viruses.
A common diagnostic strategy for endometrial cancer can fail to catch the disease in 4-11% of Black patients, according to a new study. Tissue biopsies are recommended instead of transvaginal ultrasound for Black women with concerning symptoms.
Researchers have identified a genetic mutation in peach trees that governs the timing of flowering, enabling late-flowering fruit varieties to evade spring frosts. This breakthrough could transform breeding practices and bolster crop yields and farmer livelihoods.
A clinical trial found that trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is highly effective in preventing stage 1 HER2-positive breast cancer from recurring in patients. The treatment significantly reduced the risk of recurrence and improved patient-reported outcomes compared to chemotherapy and trastuzumab.
New modeling study reveals ephemeral streams contribute up to 55% of US river flow, playing a crucial role in transporting pollutants and nutrients. The findings highlight the importance of including these temporary streams under federal clean water regulations.