A recent study published in JAACAP found that abandoned children placed in institutions have an increased risk for behaviors similar to those seen in children with autism. However, when moved into child-centered foster family care at a young age, their social behaviors improved significantly.
A new study finds that gray matter loss in the brain is a precursor to psychosis, with increased inflammation accelerating this process. Researchers analyzed brain scans of young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy controls, revealing a significant correlation between proinflammatory cytokines and gray matter thinning.
New research shows HPV infection screening alone is more accurate than Pap testing for detecting cervical cancer. The study suggests that HPV primary screening can be used as an alternative to current methods, with recommended 3-year intervals for testing.
The study found that major depression was highly prevalent in adolescents, with a lifetime prevalence rate of 11%, and females had twice the rates of males. The majority of adolescents with MDD demonstrated severe role impairment and substantial comorbidity with other mental conditions.
Neoplasia and Translational Oncology, two leading open-access cancer research journals, are now published by Elsevier. These peer-reviewed journals feature studies on novel investigations in oncology research, providing important data for advancing cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Elsevier has launched a new open access journal, Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases, to publish high-quality case reports on all aspects of vascular diseases. The journal aims to provide novel and timely information to practicing clinicians and researchers in the field.
The new journal aims to bridge the gap in publication options for the mechanics community, featuring short articles on cutting-edge research in various disciplines. It is edited by three distinguished scientists and offers immediate publication of papers without waiting for other articles.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry suggests that deficits in the brain's 'off switch' for anxiety, neuropeptide Y receptors, are associated with anxious temperament. Researchers found decreased expression of two neuropeptide Y receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala, a region crucial for regulating fear and anxiety.
Research identifies ASIC1a gene variants associated with panic disorder and respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath and feelings of suffocation. The study found that the genes are also linked to amygdala structure and function, raising hopes for new treatments.
EBioMedicine brings together worlds of basic research and clinical science in an open-access journal with Cell Press and The Lancet editorial influence. The journal prioritizes rapid publication and publishes a range of research study types, including commentaries and viewpoints.
A new article provides 10 practical tips to support individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), empowering them to participate in their communities and receive personalized care. The 'Ten Tips' offer a framework for clinical practice and global advocacy, prioritizing the individual's hopes, dreams, and self-determination.
The 2014 Semantic Web Challenge was won by three teams: Mining the Web of Linked Data with RapidMiner, Enabling Live Exploration on The Graph of Things, and DIVE into the Event-Based Browsing of Linked Historical Media. The Big Data Track was won by Extending Tables with Data from over a million websites.
Researchers found that gut-derived bacterial products penetrate the gut barrier and induce inflammatory responses in alcohol-dependent patients. This leads to increased cravings for alcohol, with some but not all altered inflammatory processes recovered after detoxification.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that ghrelin increases alcohol craving in heavy drinkers, suggesting a potential target for future treatments. The study, conducted in humans, built on previous animal research and found significant effects of ghrelin on alcohol desire.
A recent study found that 43% of medicinal plants in Pakistan were naturally contaminated with toxins produced by moulds. The levels exceeded permissible limits in 70% of the samples, and 31% produced harmful toxins. This highlights a need for stricter regulation to protect people using herbal medicines.
A new study reveals how flu vaccines prevent heart attacks by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies that protect the heart. The research identifies a protein called BKB2R as the key mechanism behind this protective effect, and suggests it could be harnessed to develop a vaccine against heart disease.
A new study suggests that genetic variants associated with ADHD also predict attention and language deficits in the general population. The research found a positive association between polygenic risk scores for ADHD and traits of hyperactivity/impulsiveness and attention, as well as a negative association with pragmatic language abili...
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that children raised in institutional settings had reduced cortical thickness and greater ADHD symptoms. The study suggests a mechanism linking institutional rearing to compromised brain development.
Researchers investigate consciousness and awareness during cardiac arrest, finding that memories of visual awareness may correspond with actual events. The study suggests a higher proportion of people have vivid death experiences but lose them due to brain injury or sedative drugs.
A randomized study found that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation decreased the incidence of interferon-alpha-induced depression in patients with hepatitis C. The treatment also delayed the onset of depression and was well-tolerated without serious side effects.
A recent study published in The Leadership Quarterly found that power can lead to corruption in leaders, regardless of their initial honesty. The researchers used experimental methods to investigate the effects of power on behavior, and found that individuals who scored lower on honesty were more likely to exhibit corrupt behavior.
A new study reveals TMS treatment normalizes hyperconnectivity in the DMN, while leaving CEN connectivity unaffected. The treatment may act by selectively regulating network-level connectivity.
Researchers analyzed data from 7,371 children in Finland and found that those conceived less than 12 months after a sibling's birth were 1.5 times more likely to be diagnosed with autism. The risk was also higher for those conceived at long intervals, over 40% higher.
The new peer-reviewed open access journal will publish original manuscripts on disease prevention, health promotion, and public health policymaking. It aims to broaden understanding by including a wider selection of geographic and population-specific studies.
Elsevier has launched an open-access journal called Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research, which focuses on new concepts and practical applications of bio-sensing technologies. The journal aims to promote novel sensing and biosensing technologies to the research community and exploitation partners.
The European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) has published a position statement on breast cancer screening, recommending individualized screening based on familial risk and first screening mammogram results. This approach aims to reduce overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments for slowly growing tumors.
A new study found that schizophrenia patients have lower levels of nicotine receptors in the brain and experience improved social withdrawal and cognitive function after smoking. Smoking-related increases in nicotine receptors were also associated with better outcomes in these patients.
Researchers studied brain development in people with and without schizophrenia, finding altered trajectories of growth in highly-connected brain regions. The findings provide clues to the underlying causes of schizophrenia, supporting a neurodevelopmental disorder hypothesis.
Research finds associations between psychotic disorders and reduced cortical folding patterns in key brain regions, suggesting alterations in brain development early in life. The study's results also indicate a potential familial risk marker for psychotic illnesses.
The National Academy of Sciences, India and Elsevier announced the winners of the 2014 NASI-Scopus Young Scientist Awards. The awards recognized outstanding young researchers across various disciplines in India for their innovative research. The program aims to promote academic research and provide recognition to young scientists.
Analytical Chemistry Research is a quarterly open access journal focusing on fundamental research in analytical theory and methodology. The journal aims to publish innovative approaches to instrumental, chemical, and biological analysis, with an emphasis on novel technologies and their applications.
A nationwide Danish register study found that psychiatrically ill youth exposed to antipsychotic medications had a significantly higher risk of developing type II diabetes compared to those not exposed. Regular cardiometabolic monitoring should be integral part of antipsychotic prescribing in children and adolescents.
Researchers mapped the circuitry of dyslexia using functional neuroimaging tools, revealing widespread differences in brain connectivity among dyslexic readers. They found decreased connectivity within the visual pathway and between visual and prefrontal regions, as well as increased right-hemisphere connectivity.
A team of researchers has devised a method to rapidly test the structural materials used in nuclear reactors, closely replicating damage caused by high-energy neutrons. The technique uses high-energy ion beams to damage samples of ferritic-martensitic steel, allowing for the development of more resilient components for advanced reactors.
A recent study by the British Geological Survey has analyzed the bone and tooth chemistry of King Richard III, revealing a change in diet and location in his early childhood and later life. The research suggests that Richard had a high status diet with expensive food and drink when he became king.
Researchers found that rats with no explicit memory of an early childhood trauma developed PTSD symptoms, highlighting the importance of non-articulated brain processes in distress. This study challenges traditional views on PTSD treatment by emphasizing the role of physiologic arousal and other forms of learning.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that testosterone increases the brain's reactivity to threat cues in healthy men. The study used a novel two-step pharmacological challenge paradigm and found that testosterone increased activity in brain structures involved in threat processing and aggressive behavior.
Researchers found low field magnetic stimulation (LFMS) to have rapid mood-elevating effects in depressed patients. A portable device delivered a low strength, high frequency electromagnetic field waveform to the brain, resulting in an immediate and substantial improvement in mood.
Elsevier has launched Bone Reports, an open access journal publishing research articles and case reports on basic, translational, and clinical aspects of bone and mineral metabolism. The journal aims to publish reproducibility studies and null findings, complementing its sister journal Bone.
Elsevier's new open access journal Burnout Research aims to discuss and debate theories and applications of burnout. The first issue is now available on ScienceDirect, providing a central platform for researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers to share new ideas and information.
The first issue of Current Opinion in Insect Science is now available for free online on ScienceDirect, featuring articles on insect body size, genetics, and social structure. The journal aims to provide a unique platform for specialists to keep up-to-date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of insect science.
Researchers found that schizophrenia patients exhibit altered brain activity in the ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex, leading to impaired ability to control working memory. This deficit is characterized by increased activation of irrelevant information, hindering cognitive function.
Researchers found that levels of severity and functional impairment among children with ADHD under 7 were comparable to those with other mental disorders. The study highlights the importance of systematic study of diagnostic criteria in representative samples.
The new journal aims to encourage scientific debate by sharing unpublished, negative study results. Published work will include research articles and short communications covering fundamental plant sciences.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that individuals at high risk for addiction share similar neurobiological signatures with addicted individuals. The research suggests a common brain mechanism that promotes the use of addictive substances in vulnerable people and those with long-standing habitual substance use.
Elsevier has launched a new review journal focused on behavioral sciences, providing updates on the field through educational forums. The journal will co-edited by Professors Trevor Robbins and Cindy Lustig, showcasing novel breakthroughs and significant trends.
Researchers found that impulsivity plays a crucial role in cocaine addiction, with highly impulsive rats taking longer to develop habits. The study identified specific phases of addiction where dopamine receptor blockers may be effective in treating compulsive cocaine use.
The American Dental Association has entered into an agreement with Elsevier to publish its flagship publication, The Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA), starting January 1, 2015. This partnership aims to enhance JADA's position among leading dental journals and accelerate its progress in advancing oral health.
Researchers found that anxious children had enlarged amygdala volume and increased connectivity with other brain regions, compared to non-anxious children. The study's findings provide new insights into the neurodevelopmental origins of anxiety in humans.
Uterine fibroids are the most common tumors of the female reproductive tract, causing abnormal bleeding and pelvic pressure symptoms. New medical and surgical uterine-conserving alternatives have become available, allowing flexible management of fibroid-related symptoms. The Journal Maturitas publishes a position statement outlining tr...