A new coupled elastohydrodynamic–acoustic framework enables high-resolution ultrasonic measurement of dynamic film thickness in lubricated rolling bearing contacts. The method supports in-situ, noninvasive monitoring and improves accuracy by accounting for real contact geometry, elastic deformation, and cavitation effects.
Oxidative base modifications trigger a structural transition from B-DNA to Z-DNA in mitochondrial DNA, activating ZBP1 and mediating hepatocyte apoptosis. This discovery reveals a previously unrecognized endogenous driver of DNA conformational dynamics and advances understanding of ZNA biology.
A study has identified the N-glycome of serum-derived extracellular vesicles as a promising non-invasive biosignature for childhood epilepsy. The research found distinct glycosylation patterns between healthy controls and patients with epilepsy, supporting reliable glycomic analysis.
Researchers developed an integrated process combining ruthenium-based nano through-silicon via fabrication and extreme all-dry thinning of silicon-on-insulator wafers to support backside power-delivery networks. The process achieved a resistivity of 19.9 μΩ·cm and demonstrated stable long-term operation.
Researchers have developed centimeter-scale reconfigurable piezoelectric robots with a built-in-ceramic actuation unit, enabling fast response, simple structure, and no transmission mechanisms. The robots achieve high speeds and carry heavy loads, making them suitable for environmental exploration and confined-space detection.
Researchers have developed a new method to predict biological age using absolute IgG glycan quantification. The study found that specific glycans, such as GP3 and GP8, are associated with aging and that modifying IgG with youthful glycans can alleviate aging-related declines.
A study found that IgG fucosylation is closely associated with severe COVID-19 progression, offering insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction may exert antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting fucosylation.
Researchers have developed influenza virus platforms using non-canonical amino acids to control viral replication and enhance immune responses. These platforms show promise as next-generation vaccines and cancer immunotherapies, offering improved genetic stability, rapid programmability, and strong immunogenicity.
Researchers developed a novel biological aging clock named gtAge using deep reinforcement learning and multi-omics integration, achieving high predictive performance in estimating chronological age. The model explained up to 85.3% of variance in age, surpassing individual omics-based methods.
Planet, a new open-access journal, covers the full scope of planetary science with a broad spectrum of topics including planetary origins and solar system formation. The journal welcomes global submissions with no author-side publication costs.
A study investigates coalescence of sessile and pendant droplets on fibers, revealing a three-stage process: liquid bridge formation, oscillation decay, and stable morphology formation. The findings provide direct guidance for controlling polydisperse droplet emissions in industrial fiber coalescers.
A new microwave-assisted hydrothermal method produces high-performance structured zeolite catalysts on SiC supports with excellent mass transfer and recyclability. The method achieves a 93.75% reduction in synthesis time compared to conventional methods.
Researchers have developed a multimodal database and applied machine learning to identify promising materials for solid-state hydrogen storage. The Digital Hydrogen S platform reveals persistent gaps in existing materials, but ML models achieve high accuracy predicting hydrogen storage capacity and formation enthalpy.
The introduction of equivalent potential unifies microwave effects and interfaces to model and regulate fluid structures. This enables the control of fluid structures in chemical engineering processes.
Researchers have developed a modular technology, LIDAPE, that can directly and precisely edit single amino acids in endogenous proteins without altering their genetic code. This innovation has the potential to create next-generation protein-editing therapeutics by transforming small molecules into precise chemical transformations.
A new photocatalyst was developed that can efficiently reduce nitrate, CO₂, and water under visible light. The catalyst achieved high reductions in efficiency, with selectivities for nitrogen gas, methane, and hydrogen reaching 80%, 70%, and 60%, respectively.
Researchers present a comprehensive numerical simulation of atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma discharge in CO₂–H₂O plasmas. The study reveals dominant reaction pathways, including electron-impact dissociation and ionization, which affect streamer dynamics and reaction pathways.
Researchers identify three major bottlenecks: multiscale modeling complexity, operational multi-stability, and scale-up difficulties in autothermal reactors for CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol. This mismatch can produce multiple operating regimes, making temperature control challenging.
Researchers combined machine learning and multi-objective optimization to enhance PEMFC cold-start efficiency. The cathode catalytic approach used a non-electrochemical combustion reaction, providing high-power heating during initial startup while inhibiting ice accumulation.
Researchers developed microneedles containing collagen, hyaluronic acid, and a photo-crosslinkable polymer to improve transdermal delivery. The microneedles' mechanical strength and skin permeation behavior can be modulated with light and temperature.
Nerve-sparing surgery aims to preserve the neurovascular bundles responsible for erectile function and urinary continence. The review discusses three primary fascial dissection planes, antegrade and retrograde dissection strategies, and innovative techniques such as Veil of Aphrodite and biological membrane wraps.
A new study found that the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is a potential prognostic tool for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) receiving intravenous thrombolysis. Patients in lower ALI quartiles had poorer recovery outcomes, highlighting a threshold effect at the 25th percentile of ALI levels.
A recent study defines subtype-specific metabolic programs in pediatric ependymoma, linking them to clinical differences. The researchers identified fatty acid oxidation and polyamine metabolism as key dependencies for aggressive subtypes, providing a resource for understanding the biology of pediatric ependymoma.
A team developed an AI technique to decode 'optical growth rings' in real-time, determining the fiber's diameter and reconstructing its full three-dimensional shape. This process achieves exceptional precision with an error below 0.35% and enables active guidance and correction during fabrication.
Researchers discovered that nexmifb modulates the axon guidance molecule efna5b to regulate spinal motor neuron development. The study found that knocking down nexmifb led to significant motor neuron loss and defects in axonal length and branching, which were partially rescued by co-injecting efna5b mRNA.
A study found that combining organic and mineral fertilizers reduces nitrogen and phosphorus losses by 2.7 kg·ha<sup>–1</sup> and 21%, respectively. The 4R nutrient management principle provides a direction for optimizing fertilization technology.
A new study proposes AI-powered indicators to evaluate schools' progress toward personalized, competence-based learning, a hallmark of mature digital renewal. The School Digital Renewal Process leverages Bloom's Revised Taxonomy to analyze digital materials and identify shifts in educational content and learning organization.
A new study highlights AI's impact on education governance, proposing a reconfigured hybrid approach to address challenges of personalization, surveillance, and autonomy. Concrete policy recommendations focus on human oversight and accountability.
Global aquaculture's GHG emissions are mainly driven by feed production, energy consumption, and biogeochemical processes. Low-carbon transformation is feasible through optimized farming practices, renewable energy, and industry collaboration.
Researchers found that oligochitosan enhances defense mechanisms in plants, increasing enzyme activities and hydrogen peroxide content to resist PVY. COS treatment specifically upregulates the OXI1 gene, promoting the expression of other genes and activating the MAPK signaling cascade.
Researchers explore microbead-assisted antibacterial hydrogels for effective wound healing, addressing infection, scarring, and delayed recovery. The integration of microbeads improves drug delivery, antibacterial effects, and tissue regeneration capabilities.
Research on Rhizobacterial metabolites reveals that proline is a crucial osmoprotectant helping plants regulate osmotic pressure under drought conditions. PGPR strains improve lettuce plant survival rates and fresh weight recovery after drought stress, providing a scientific basis for developing high-efficiency microbial inoculants.
Researchers developed a time-varying multibody dynamic model for variable-load UAVs to address the challenges of continuous mass changes during pesticide spraying. The model enables precise trajectory tracking and stable flight, outperforming traditional control methods.
A study identifies subtype-specific programs in pediatric ependymoma, linking metabolic patterns to clinical aggressiveness. The research reveals distinct metabolic profiles for each molecular subtype, providing a resource for understanding the biology of pediatric ependymoma and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities.
A large cohort study found that ABC risk factors carry greater cardiovascular significance at younger ages but become less relevant with age. The study supports an age-adapted approach to diabetes risk-factor management and highlights the importance of individualized treatment decisions in older adults.
Researchers tune Pt d electrons to boost LOHC dehydrogenation, achieving volcano-shaped correlation between Pt d electron density and turnover frequency. The optimized catalyst, Pt/MgO, maintains stable performance with lower coke deposition.
A new perspective paper calls on construction organizations to adopt an error management approach that treats unintentional action errors as valuable for organizational learning and innovation. Action errors can be categorized into individual, team, and organizational levels, with distinct causes and implications. Embracing action erro...
A large study found a U-shaped association between cholesterol levels and mortality among Chinese adults, suggesting that very low cholesterol may be linked to higher cancer risk. The study defined optimal cholesterol thresholds for Chinese adults at specific values, which differ from those for UK adults.
A study identifies fucosylated immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a key mediator contributing to adipose tissue dysfunction during aging. Fucosylation levels of IgG were significantly increased in aged mice, exacerbating inflammation and fibrosis while inhibiting adipogenesis.
A new AI-powered framework integrates phenotype-target coupled screening for efficient discovery of Chinese herbal medicine-derived drugs. The approach leverages advanced technologies, including AI-driven analysis and high-throughput screening, to identify promising candidates and uncover mechanism clues.
Researchers have developed glycocalyx engineering strategies to enhance immune cell functions against B lymphoma. By customizing the NK-92MI glycocalyx, they created selectin ligands that improved in vivo elimination of mouse xenografts, offering a cost-effective candidate for cancers with reduced CD19 antigen levels.
A new study introduces a neural-network-based switching output regulation controller for high-speed nano-positioning stages, reducing hysteresis nonlinearity and improving tracking performance. The research presents a mechatronic platform and control framework that supports reliable micro- and nano-scale manipulation.
Field experiments in China demonstrate that applying halotolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria via drip irrigation can alleviate soil salinity stress, enhance jujube productivity and fruit quality. Drip-applied PGPB treatments also modified bacterial metabolic functions and reshaped the rhizosphere bacterial community.
Researchers developed a controllable interfacial redox strategy using graphene to tailor surface chemistry of nickel-based metals, enhancing electrocatalytic oxygen evolution. The modified electrode exhibited improved OER metrics, including lower overpotential and smaller Tafel slope.
GFAKaleidos offers a unified framework for analyzing directed, bidirected, and biedged graphs, enabling in-depth examination of vertices, edges, and subgraphs. The tool provides intuitive visualizations and flexible deployment options, making it accessible to both beginners and experts in the genomics research community.
A survey on NeRF and 3DGS-based 3D editing provides a systematic review of latest techniques, outlining key advancements, challenges, and future research directions. These radiance field-based methods offer high-fidelity solutions for 3D scene representation and editing.
A new method called ProbsCut improves adversarial robustness by balancing accuracy and robustness through a variance-bias decomposition of generalization error. The proposed approach combines local loss with global loss, aligning the probability vectors of legitimate examples and their adversarial counterparts.
A new research method leverages auxiliary tasks and pose disentanglement to improve body height and weight estimation from a single non-frontal face image. The proposed method utilizes gender and age estimation as auxiliary tasks to enhance primary task performance, demonstrating superior results on small- and large-pose datasets.
Researchers developed DSPE to conceal ciphertext relationships, enabling dynamic deletion and maintaining semantic security. The framework offers a robust solution for next-generation privacy-preserving cloud services with high efficiency and practical computational overhead.
SST deformity, characterized by droopy glans penis, leads to cosmetic and painful issues, with conservative approaches offering benefits in mild cases. Durable correction through glanulopexy techniques achieves success rates of 85-95% with low morbidity, according to current management strategies.