Researchers have discovered that TSPAN7, linked to intellectual disability and cancer progression, senses membrane curvature and polymerizes into a helical assembly. This 'transmembrane skeleton' resists mechanical deformation and provides structural reinforcement to tubular membranes, distinct from the classical cytoskeleton.
A structure-guided peptide vaccine targeting PCSK9 induced durable anti-PCSK9 antibody responses in mice, guinea pigs, and rhesus macaques. The vaccine reduced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in animal models. Further optimization is required for potential human application.
A recent study analyzed 42 pediatric ependymomas, defining metabolic patterns associated with each molecular subtype. The research found that fatty acid oxidation and polyamine metabolism vary across subtypes, with potential implications for therapeutic vulnerability.
Scientists have developed a simple, surfactant-free hydrothermal synthesis strategy to create spherical CeO₂ abrasives with controllable particle sizes. The resulting abrasives achieved superior surface finishes and material removal rates in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) tests, outperforming commercial products.
Researchers propose a multi-objective optimization framework that identifies and corrects promising infeasible solutions, significantly improving optimization efficiency for complex distillation processes. The framework achieved optimization time reductions of 35.3% and 20.8% compared to conventional methods.
Researchers developed a deep Q-network framework to train traffic signals to protect network resilience. The method achieved significant reductions in relative area index (RAI) across various disruption scenarios, indicating improved recovery rates and reduced congestion costs.
A new study assesses China's ability to reach its energy-related carbon emission peak and related climate targets by 2030, accounting for uncertainties in total energy consumption and non-fossil energy development. The analysis finds that stronger policy support for wind and solar raises the probability of peaking emissions on time, wh...
A new analysis shows that advanced LFP battery technology, combined with longer lifetimes and smaller cars, can make a 100% Europe electrification feasible. Reusing retired EV batteries in energy storage systems cuts carbon emissions but delays recycling.
The technology integrates medium-temperature activation, high-temperature purification, and MILD combustion to achieve ultra-low nitrogen oxide combustion. Tests using three coal types show that raw NOₓ emissions are significantly reduced, with combustion efficiency remaining above 99.6%.
A new study successfully demonstrated a 5-MWth chemical looping combustion (CLC) unit fueled by lignite, achieving stable auto-thermal operation. The unit achieved high CO2 capture efficiency and low oxygen demand, filling the gap between laboratory-scale research and industrial applications.
Recent progress in using nanostructures to detect and eliminate hazards in aquaculture has provided technical support for safer aquatic products. Nanostructures can be functionalized as sensing indicators, signal amplifiers, photocatalysts, and separation materials to act against various threats.
Researchers reviewed experiments using various setups to quantify TDI's effect on flame thermochemical states and its interaction with turbulence. The study shows TDI dominates at low Karlovitz numbers, creating strong cellular structures, but turbulent transport suppresses differential diffusion effects as intensity rises.
The study introduces a scalable solution for 3D multi-physical field reconstruction, emission prediction, and operational optimization under limited high-fidelity data conditions. The MFRNet framework supports multi-modal inputs and leverages intermediate features from the reconstruction stage to enhance scalar prediction accuracy.
Researchers evaluated staged pressurized oxy-combustion (SPOC) for biomass power generation, finding it outperforms post-combustion capture systems in both standalone and cogeneration configurations. SPOC achieves carbon negativity through efficient heat recovery and reduced pollutant emissions.
Researchers developed a novel twisted cloverleaf U-tube to improve heat transfer uniformity and efficiency in thermal energy storage systems. The design enhances turbulence kinetic energy, promoting convective heat transfer.
A new study introduces a flue gas-driven molten-salt heat storage system that enhances operating flexibility in coal-fired power plants, supporting grid stability amid growing renewable energy integration. The system achieved stable transitions between operating states within seconds and showed no significant degradation over one year.
Researchers have developed a sustainable catalyst platform using biochar from date palm trunk as a support for Ni-based CO₂ methanation catalysts. The catalysts achieved high CO₂ conversion and CH₄ selectivity, even with low metal loading.
Researchers developed a multifunctional flame retardant system that simultaneously improves fire safety, mechanical strength, and wear resistance in epoxy composites. The system, composed of nickel phyllosilicate and polyphosphazene, achieved a V-0 rating and reduced combustion time, smoke production, and CO2 emissions.
Researchers developed a bifunctional catalyst system using silanol nest-enriched silicalite-1 and ZnZrOx, reducing side reactions and increasing para-xylene selectivity. The optimized catalyst achieved high toluene conversion and PX selectivity under various conditions.
A composite sponge material, ZnCuCCS, was developed to remove levofloxacin through adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. The material achieved high efficiency with a total removal efficiency of 90.12%, confirming its practical applicability for wastewater treatment.
Scientists have created a sponge-like material that efficiently removes levofloxacin through a combination of adsorption and photocatalytic reactions. The material, decorated with spherical CeO₂ particles, achieves superior surface finishes and material removal rates in chemical mechanical polishing applications.
Researchers propose a new classification method for end-to-end congestion control protocols in datacenters. The DCEF framework categorizes classic protocols from 2010 to 2022, evaluating their performance, convergence and deployability with the emergence of SmartNICs.
A new AI model predicts job salaries with high accuracy by identifying key skill combinations that significantly impact compensation. The model offers transparent salary predictions, revealing the monetary value of specific skills, and provides market insights on skill premiums across industries.
Researchers developed DMCGuard to unify permissions across diverse IoT channels, providing a robust solution to prevent unauthorized access. The framework achieves high detection accuracy with minimal latency and maintains compatibility with existing IoT standards.
Researchers propose a new classification method for congestion control protocols, distinguishing between data and credit transmission. The DCEF framework classifies existing protocols according to congestion signal classification, highlighting their performance, convergence, and deployability.
A breakthrough in efficient Graph Neural Network (GNN) training architecture has been achieved by a Chinese research team. They introduced the Decentralized Hypercube Collaborative Framework, which addresses high memory overhead, low computational efficiency, and underutilized hardware resources in traditional GNN training.
The CZone model reduces startup latency and memory footprint by 10% compared to existing approaches, while introducing negligible impact on system performance. The MCPV model optimizes memory hotplug technologies for serverless environments.
A new research paper by Zulie PAN et al. analyzes existing studies on large language models (LLMs) for software defect detection, categorizing dynamic and static methods. The study proposes potential directions for future LLM-based defect detection, aiming to elevate industry standards and safeguard user experiences.
Researchers developed algorithms to enhance data center network reliability by constructing fault-tolerant paths and maximum disjoint paths in augmented cube-based architectures. The breakthroughs address node failures and improve data transmission efficiency, leading to more stable cloud services and faster data processing.
A survey on quality control in open-ended crowdsourcing introduces a framework and two-tier classification system to address contextual dependencies and dynamic optimization. The study also explores future research directions, including leveraging Large Language Models for enhanced answer generation and evaluation.
Researchers developed a novel approach to analyze SELinux policies using formal semantics and theorem proving, identifying issues in real-world policies like refpolicy and AOSP policy. The method provides a unified way to analyze security properties with formal guarantees.
A new skill-based reinforcement learning approach refines hierarchical policy through dynamical skill refinement, achieving higher asymptotic performance and stable improvement compared to SOTA methods. The unified optimization objective guarantees performance improvement in TA-MDP and optimizes the original MDP's performance lower bound.
Researchers identify key characteristics of knowledge distillation, including variance and class output magnitudes, to address capacity mismatch. Their proposed ISATS method outperforms previous techniques by enriching dark knowledge and ensuring larger teacher models teach more effectively.
The proposed GPDG method leverages a Gaussian Process-based learning paradigm to capture intra-domain information and inter-domain correlations. It generates domain-specific functions capable of adapting to unseen domains through a Dirichlet Mixup-based domain augmentation strategy.
Researchers developed a unified perspective on Social Network Alignment methods, covering static and dynamic networks with emerging Large Language Models (LLMs) enhancing semantic reasoning. They propose a comprehensive taxonomy of existing approaches and provide benchmarking analysis across real-world datasets.
Researchers developed a novel cyclic model to check CA-diagnosability of DESs without constructing diagnoser. Experimental results show significant improvement over state-of-the-art methods, up to two orders of magnitude, in multi-fault systems.
The new protocol defines six core domains and incorporates post-mortem MRI as an optional evaluation tool, ensuring high-integrity fetal brain samples. It enables reproducible research into congenital neurological disorders and represents a major advancement for China's neuroscience community.
Researchers explored the coupling between facet and doping effects on ferrocene monolayers grafted onto silicon surfaces. The study reveals that doping reverses facet selectivity and introduces non-ideal behavior dominated by interfacial electrostatics.
Researchers developed a simple, rapid, and scalable approach for manufacturing COF nanofiltration membranes. The dynamic interfacial polymerization strategy produces TpPa-1 COF membranes with uniform pores, excellent chemical stability, and high flux rates.
Researchers have developed chitosan-based biosensors that can detect physiological signals associated with human emotions. The sensors boast high performance due to chitosan's unique properties, including renewability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility.
The human M-channel's structural basis is deciphered, showing a 3:1 KCNQ2 to KCNQ3 stoichiometry with cooperative gating influenced by KCNQ3, enabling low-threshold activation. This understanding paves the way for next-generation antiepileptic therapies.
Researchers identified a hierarchically organized nerve network in mouse aorta that drives blood pressure rise after cold exposure. Local ablation of sympathetic nerves in aPVAT prevents cold-induced hypertension, underscoring the specificity of aPVAT.
Researchers have developed new catalytic routes for ammonia synthesis under mild conditions, including one-step thermal catalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis. These emerging strategies aim to reduce energy consumption and emissions, offering promising alternatives to the Haber-Bosch process.
Researchers analyzed tar-rich and tar-inclusive coals using thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Tar-rich coal exhibited lower characteristic temperatures and activation energies, making it more prone to ignition but also suitable for in-situ thermal decomposition mining.
Researchers developed AdapGNN to improve graph neural network explainability in molecular property prediction. The framework achieves better predictive accuracy and explainability, especially for molecule energy prediction.
Endothelial CPT2 loss impairs long-chain fatty acid oxidation, activating an EndoMT-like program that promotes renal injury and fibrotic remodeling. Acetate supplementation partially suppresses this phenotype.
A comprehensive review reveals that varicella-zoster virus inflicts lasting nerve damage, leading to chronic pain through central sensitization. The study supports earlier treatment and links each mechanism to targeted therapies.
The global burden of viral skin diseases has risen significantly since 1990, driven by population growth and aging. Children under 15 years old bear the highest burden, with incidence rates increasing by 44.2%. Targeted interventions for vulnerable populations are crucial to reduce the global burden.
Viral skin diseases cause significant disability globally, with annual incidence increasing 32.27% to 84.7 million and prevalence growing 36.29%. Children under 15 bear the highest burden, with adults aged 50-65 and 85-95 also experiencing significant increases.
A new case report details a painful lesion on a finger diagnosed with nodular basal cell carcinoma. The study emphasizes the need for clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for this rare but real skin cancer in atypical locations.