This study evaluates ChatGPT-4o's alignment with official grades on Finland's national high-stakes matriculation examination. The results show that GPT-4o's grades closely matched human evaluations, with 75% of scores within ±2 points.
This paper introduces PEG-Prompt, a novel prompting framework that integrates the Paul-Elder critical thinking model to assess course project reports from six dimensions. Experiments on four mainstream LLMs demonstrate significant performance improvements in reducing scoring errors and enhancing alignment with human evaluations.
The study found that NAO's compact design and predictable interaction reduced intimidation and boosted sustained engagement among autistic students. Statistical analyses revealed significant improvements in attention duration, communication frequency, interaction scores, and positive emotions.
Researchers have resolved human M-channel structures, revealing its architectural principles and a rational drug design strategy. The channel displays remarkable stoichiometric plasticity, with varying subunit configurations generating functional currents.
A new study identifies CLPTM1L as a regulator of membrane raft formation and EGFR-dependent proliferative signaling in glioblastoma. High CLPTM1L expression was associated with shorter patient survival, while depletion impaired GBM cell viability and proliferation.
Research reveals significant differences in hearing and vestibular function in unilateral Meniere's disease patients without endolymphatic hydrops. The study provides a foundation for future subtype classification and personalized clinical management by combining symptoms, functional tests, and MRI findings.
A minimally invasive salvage technique using ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrieval successfully removes a deeply embedded cervical fish bone after failed open exploration. The method provides real-time navigation and higher accuracy with no radiation or significant trauma.
Researchers from Fudan University published a study on modified sigmoid sinus wall reconstruction using bone cement, demonstrating a 96.2% overall success rate for symptom resolution. Symptoms typically resolved within four weeks, providing evidence for optimizing surgical techniques and material selection.
A new study demonstrates a tandem catalytic approach that converts waste polyethylene and carbon dioxide into separable liquid aromatics and carbon monoxide under atmospheric pressure. The catalyst system achieves high selectivity toward separable aromatics, with an aromatic yield of up to 75.3 wt%.
Researchers have developed new chemical recycling methods for polyurethane (PU) foams, including hydrogenation, acidolysis, and chem-solvolysis. These approaches can recover polyols and aromatic amines, which can be used to produce new PU materials.
Researchers develop a two-step catalytic process to upcycle PET plastics into lactic acid and 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid without external hydrogen. The method yields high-value chemical intermediates with improved economic viability of chemical plastic recycling.
Researchers establish kinetics-guided depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to produce high-performance thermoplastics with improved sustainability. The approach yields well-defined oligomers suitable for direct repolymerization, simplifying operations and reducing energy consumption.
Researchers developed a surface polarity reconstruction method using silane coupling agents to modify conventional supported metal catalysts. This approach enhances the hydrogenolysis of waste polyolefins by optimizing catalyst surface polarity and reducing polymer chain entropy, leading to improved catalytic activity.
Emerging biocatalytic strategies for plastic depolymerization leverage AI-enabled enzyme design and multi-enzyme cascades to enhance sustainable recycling. Researchers develop novel biocatalysts through de novo design, overcoming constraints with structural similarity to natural hydrolases.
YTHDF2 plays critical roles in regulating HSC fate, immune cell development, and tumor-immune interactions. It also modulates the tumor microenvironment to promote tumor progression.
Aging across the female reproductive tract is characterized by declining estrogen, cellular senescence, and chronic inflammation. Multi-omics datasets provide a powerful framework to measure biological age and reveal tissue-specific vulnerabilities.
Paligenosis is a three-stage process involving autophagy, stemness gene induction, and proliferation. It ensures efficient regeneration in tissues like the stomach and pancreas, but its dysregulated activation can drive metaplasia and cancer. The review discusses biomarker prospects for distinguishing adaptive repair from malignant drift.
Researchers synthesized preclinical and clinical evidence of mRNA cancer vaccines across various cancers, including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia. Key findings include improved recurrence-free survival in patients treated with mRNA-4157 plus pembrolizumab for melanoma.
H2AK119Ub is a versatile histone mark that organizes the genome into functional domains, orchestrates gene silencing, and maintains cell identities during development. Disruption of its signaling network is recognized as a driver of human diseases, particularly cancer.
The journal MedScience aims to integrate cutting-edge insights across medical sciences, focusing on emerging fields like cell therapy, AI-driven drug discovery, and precision medicine. This new platform serves as a dynamic hub for international academic exchange and translation of scientific breakthroughs into clinical practice.
High-altitude exposure disrupts the gut ecosystem, leading to dysbiosis, impaired barrier function, and increased intestinal permeability. The gut microbiome influences host energy metabolism, immune responses, and acclimatization capacity, and alterations are linked to diseases such as metabolic disorders and colorectal cancer.
Additives in plastics represent a major understudied frontier in recycling science. Mainstream recycling technologies face distinct challenges with additives, including gradual accumulation of unwanted compounds and limited detection methods.
A new coupled elastohydrodynamic–acoustic framework enables high-resolution ultrasonic measurement of dynamic film thickness in lubricated rolling bearing contacts. The method supports in-situ, noninvasive monitoring and improves accuracy by accounting for real contact geometry, elastic deformation, and cavitation effects.
Oxidative base modifications trigger a structural transition from B-DNA to Z-DNA in mitochondrial DNA, activating ZBP1 and mediating hepatocyte apoptosis. This discovery reveals a previously unrecognized endogenous driver of DNA conformational dynamics and advances understanding of ZNA biology.
A study has identified the N-glycome of serum-derived extracellular vesicles as a promising non-invasive biosignature for childhood epilepsy. The research found distinct glycosylation patterns between healthy controls and patients with epilepsy, supporting reliable glycomic analysis.
Researchers developed an integrated process combining ruthenium-based nano through-silicon via fabrication and extreme all-dry thinning of silicon-on-insulator wafers to support backside power-delivery networks. The process achieved a resistivity of 19.9 μΩ·cm and demonstrated stable long-term operation.
Researchers have developed centimeter-scale reconfigurable piezoelectric robots with a built-in-ceramic actuation unit, enabling fast response, simple structure, and no transmission mechanisms. The robots achieve high speeds and carry heavy loads, making them suitable for environmental exploration and confined-space detection.
Researchers have developed a new method to predict biological age using absolute IgG glycan quantification. The study found that specific glycans, such as GP3 and GP8, are associated with aging and that modifying IgG with youthful glycans can alleviate aging-related declines.
A study found that IgG fucosylation is closely associated with severe COVID-19 progression, offering insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction may exert antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting fucosylation.
Researchers have developed influenza virus platforms using non-canonical amino acids to control viral replication and enhance immune responses. These platforms show promise as next-generation vaccines and cancer immunotherapies, offering improved genetic stability, rapid programmability, and strong immunogenicity.
Researchers developed a novel biological aging clock named gtAge using deep reinforcement learning and multi-omics integration, achieving high predictive performance in estimating chronological age. The model explained up to 85.3% of variance in age, surpassing individual omics-based methods.
Planet, a new open-access journal, covers the full scope of planetary science with a broad spectrum of topics including planetary origins and solar system formation. The journal welcomes global submissions with no author-side publication costs.
A study investigates coalescence of sessile and pendant droplets on fibers, revealing a three-stage process: liquid bridge formation, oscillation decay, and stable morphology formation. The findings provide direct guidance for controlling polydisperse droplet emissions in industrial fiber coalescers.
A new microwave-assisted hydrothermal method produces high-performance structured zeolite catalysts on SiC supports with excellent mass transfer and recyclability. The method achieves a 93.75% reduction in synthesis time compared to conventional methods.
Researchers have developed a multimodal database and applied machine learning to identify promising materials for solid-state hydrogen storage. The Digital Hydrogen S platform reveals persistent gaps in existing materials, but ML models achieve high accuracy predicting hydrogen storage capacity and formation enthalpy.
The introduction of equivalent potential unifies microwave effects and interfaces to model and regulate fluid structures. This enables the control of fluid structures in chemical engineering processes.
Researchers have developed a modular technology, LIDAPE, that can directly and precisely edit single amino acids in endogenous proteins without altering their genetic code. This innovation has the potential to create next-generation protein-editing therapeutics by transforming small molecules into precise chemical transformations.
A new photocatalyst was developed that can efficiently reduce nitrate, CO₂, and water under visible light. The catalyst achieved high reductions in efficiency, with selectivities for nitrogen gas, methane, and hydrogen reaching 80%, 70%, and 60%, respectively.
Researchers present a comprehensive numerical simulation of atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma discharge in CO₂–H₂O plasmas. The study reveals dominant reaction pathways, including electron-impact dissociation and ionization, which affect streamer dynamics and reaction pathways.
Researchers identify three major bottlenecks: multiscale modeling complexity, operational multi-stability, and scale-up difficulties in autothermal reactors for CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol. This mismatch can produce multiple operating regimes, making temperature control challenging.
Researchers combined machine learning and multi-objective optimization to enhance PEMFC cold-start efficiency. The cathode catalytic approach used a non-electrochemical combustion reaction, providing high-power heating during initial startup while inhibiting ice accumulation.
Researchers developed microneedles containing collagen, hyaluronic acid, and a photo-crosslinkable polymer to improve transdermal delivery. The microneedles' mechanical strength and skin permeation behavior can be modulated with light and temperature.
Nerve-sparing surgery aims to preserve the neurovascular bundles responsible for erectile function and urinary continence. The review discusses three primary fascial dissection planes, antegrade and retrograde dissection strategies, and innovative techniques such as Veil of Aphrodite and biological membrane wraps.
A new study found that the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is a potential prognostic tool for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) receiving intravenous thrombolysis. Patients in lower ALI quartiles had poorer recovery outcomes, highlighting a threshold effect at the 25th percentile of ALI levels.
A recent study defines subtype-specific metabolic programs in pediatric ependymoma, linking them to clinical differences. The researchers identified fatty acid oxidation and polyamine metabolism as key dependencies for aggressive subtypes, providing a resource for understanding the biology of pediatric ependymoma.
A team developed an AI technique to decode 'optical growth rings' in real-time, determining the fiber's diameter and reconstructing its full three-dimensional shape. This process achieves exceptional precision with an error below 0.35% and enables active guidance and correction during fabrication.
Researchers discovered that nexmifb modulates the axon guidance molecule efna5b to regulate spinal motor neuron development. The study found that knocking down nexmifb led to significant motor neuron loss and defects in axonal length and branching, which were partially rescued by co-injecting efna5b mRNA.
A study found that combining organic and mineral fertilizers reduces nitrogen and phosphorus losses by 2.7 kg·ha<sup>–1</sup> and 21%, respectively. The 4R nutrient management principle provides a direction for optimizing fertilization technology.
A new study proposes AI-powered indicators to evaluate schools' progress toward personalized, competence-based learning, a hallmark of mature digital renewal. The School Digital Renewal Process leverages Bloom's Revised Taxonomy to analyze digital materials and identify shifts in educational content and learning organization.
A new study highlights AI's impact on education governance, proposing a reconfigured hybrid approach to address challenges of personalization, surveillance, and autonomy. Concrete policy recommendations focus on human oversight and accountability.