Johns Hopkins researchers discovered a cellular mechanism driving meningioma growth and progression. The study identified the activation of YAP1 protein in nuclei as a crucial step in tumorigenesis, suggesting new treatment targets.
A new study published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery shows that children with hip and thigh fractures can heal just as well in single-leg casts, providing greater comfort and mobility. Parents reported taking fewer days off work to care for their children, with an average of eight fewer missed days.
Researchers discovered a mutation in the p150glued protein linked to hereditary motor neuropathy 7B (HMN7B) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), disrupting cargo transport in neurons. The study found that when this protein is compromised, control of cargo transport is lost, leading to disease.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine found that drug-resistant tumor cell mutations appear in the blood of patients five to seven months after treatment begins. Nearly all tumors already contain these low levels of mutations before therapy starts, making cancers predestined to recur.
A nationwide survey in China reveals one in 10 newly diagnosed TB patients are infected with drug-resistant strains, with over 5,000 cases annually. Experts emphasize the need for rapid testing to determine drug resistance and developing new combination therapies to combat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
A multicenter study led by Johns Hopkins researcher Bruce Leff found that six geriatric health care delivery models improved quality of care while reducing medical costs. The study, published in Health Affairs, highlights the effectiveness of models such as NICHE and Pall. Care in improving patient-centered care and reducing costs.
The Johns Hopkins-developed program provides acute hospital-level care within a patient's home, resulting in lower costs and equal or better outcomes compared to traditional hospital inpatients. The study found Hospital at Home patients had slightly lower hospital readmission and mortality rates and higher satisfaction scores.
Two experimental drugs targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway showed promising early results in patients with advanced non-small cell lung, melanoma, and kidney cancers. Significant tumor shrinkage was seen in patients treated with these therapies.
New research from Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals that patients with a past history of skin infection are three times more likely to develop painful and costly surgical site infections during operations. Despite following proper procedures to prevent SSIs, some patients appear to be more susceptible to contracting an infection due to un...
The Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund has awarded grants to 29 Johns Hopkins researchers working on stem cell metabolism, disease modeling, and therapy development. New therapies aim to replace damaged cells in patients with conditions like schizophrenia and Rett syndrome.
Researchers discover that decreasing Lhx2 activity triggers glial reactivity, while increasing its activity is key to producing protective proteins. This finding holds promise for developing novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have engineered cells that behave like AND and OR Boolean logic gates, producing an output based on one or more unique inputs. This breakthrough could lead to the development of computers that use cells as tiny circuits.
A survey of primary care doctors found that many resist stopping routine PSA testing due to patient expectations and malpractice concerns. Researchers are working on a decision-making tool to help doctors make informed choices about prostate cancer screening.
Researchers found that clots are extremely rare in otherwise healthy children who suffer traumatic fractures. The study suggests that preemptive anti-coagulant medications should be reserved for children with underlying conditions that increase clotting risk.
Researchers found that a high-fat diet encourages more eating and fat storage by spurring new neurons in the hypothalamus, a key area for regulating hunger and body weight. This neurogenesis is critical in regulating weight gain and fat storage.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a protein that regulates brain development by blocking Notch proteins. The discovery, published in Developmental Cell, sheds light on developmental disorders and conditions involving new neuron generation.
Two Johns Hopkins psychiatrists argue that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) needs radical change due to its current 'field guide' form, which provides checklists of symptoms but lacks underlying causes. The manual's limitations make it difficult for clinicians to direct treatment or investigate disorders.
A small phase I study suggests that deep brain stimulation, a therapy used for Parkinson's and depression, may increase neuronal activity in people with mild Alzheimer's disease. The treatment showed promising effects on brain function, including sustained increases in glucose metabolism.
The IOM report recommends the FDA implement a single, comprehensive Benefit and Risk Assessment and Management Plan (BRAMP) to track drugs' side effects. Postmarket studies will be conducted when necessary to inform regulatory decisions, with an emphasis on protecting research participants.
Researchers have discovered that NKCC1 protein facilitates the movement of glioblastoma cells, which are notoriously aggressive and deadly. The study also suggests that a cheap FDA-approved drug, bumetanide, could slow cell migration and contain tumor spread.
Researchers found relatively few genetic changes in induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells derived from human bone marrow cells using an improved method. The study suggests that iPS cells do not pose a heightened cancer risk, but sequencing more cell lines is needed for a better understanding of mutation rates.
Researchers found that teenagers with abnormally high uric acid levels were twice as likely to have high blood pressure. Elevated uric acid persisted even after adjusting for other factors, suggesting it may be an independent driver of high blood pressure.
A Johns Hopkins study reveals wide variation in blood transfusion use during surgery, with frequent unnecessary transfusions. Researchers suggest that patients only need a transfusion if their hemoglobin levels fall below seven or eight grams per deciliter.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins identified a gene, methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSRA), that modifies the risk of newborns with cystic fibrosis developing neonatal intestinal obstruction. This study may lead to a better understanding of how intestines work and pave the way for identifying genes involved in secondary complications.
Researchers developed nano-devices that successfully crossed the blood-brain barrier and delivered a drug to tame brain-damaging inflammation in rabbits with cerebral palsy. The treatment improved motor skills and reduced neuro-inflammation, holding promise for treating a range of neurologic disorders.
A study of preschoolers reveals parents of both healthy-weight and overweight children are aware of dietary risk factors but undervalue physical activity. The researchers emphasize the need for pediatricians to provide tailored guidance on how to apply this knowledge in daily practice.
A review of 29 clinical trials found that taking an average of 500 milligrams of vitamin C daily reduced blood pressure by 3.84 millimeters of mercury in the short term. However, more research is needed to understand its implications as a treatment for high blood pressure.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a new medication, perampanel, that selectively targets proteins in the brain to control excitability and significantly reduce seizure frequency. The study, involving over 700 participants, found that roughly one-third of patients experienced a more than 50% reduction in seizures.
A team of Johns Hopkins bioethicists argues that federal restrictions on low-risk clinical comparative effectiveness research should be streamlined, despite the proposed changes only covering social and behavior research. The authors believe this type of research poses little risk to patients and needs more efficient oversight.
Research shows that helicopter transport of seriously injured trauma patients can be lifesaving, with a 16% higher survival rate compared to ground ambulance transport. However, the high cost of helicopter trips and potential crash risks must be carefully managed.
A Johns Hopkins-led study found that etanercept, a genetically engineered small-protein drug, does not provide better relief for sciatica back pain compared to steroid injections. In the study, patients who received epidural steroid injections reported more significant pain relief and improved overall symptoms after one month.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Children's Center found that children with cerebral palsy experienced the highest blood loss during corrective spine surgery, while those with idiopathic scoliosis had the least. The study analyzed 617 cases of children aged 10-18 and revealed a link between underlying conditions and blood loss.
Patients with pseudo-seizures, also known as psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), often misdiagnosed due to stress-triggered symptoms. Research suggests that these patients lack effective coping mechanisms and are more distressed by stressful events than those with epilepsy or healthy individuals.
Researchers found that activating a cholesterol pathway may enhance chemotherapy's effectiveness against pancreatic cancer. The study used a cholesterol derivative to block the Hedgehog pathway, which is linked to both cancer and heart disease.
Researchers found that over 40% of high-risk individuals have detectable pancreatic lesions, which increase with age. Endoscopic ultrasound is more effective than MRI and CT scans in detecting these lesions. Early detection can help prevent the disease by removing precancerous lesions.
A Johns Hopkins study of thousands of identical twins found that whole genome sequencing is not informative for predicting most common diseases. While the test can alert individuals to an increased risk of certain diseases, it fails to forewarn them of others they may ultimately develop.
A study published in the British Medical Journal found that carefully adjusting mechanical ventilator settings can reduce mortality rates in patients with acute lung injury. The researchers evaluated 485 patients and found that lower breath sizes and reduced pressure can have a significant impact on survival.
Researchers identify precise genetic links between nature and nurture in schizophrenia risk. Defects in DISC1 protein and environmental stress after birth increase brain development abnormalities and schizophrenia likelihood by 1.4 times.
A Johns Hopkins bioethicist is part of a committee releasing an IOM report on translating 'omics' research into clinical tests. The report aims to improve the development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center discovered that low doses of epigenetic-targeted drugs azacitidine and decitabine can re-activate genes that stop cancer growth. The study found antitumor responses in breast, lung, and colon cancers, with effects caused by alteration of the epigenetic environment of DNA.
Biobank researchers emphasize the need for defined systems to handle incidental findings and individual research results, aiming to ensure patient safety with genomic technologies
Primary care physicians with unconscious racial biases tend to dominate conversations with African-American patients, making them feel less involved in decision-making. The study found that these biases can lead to reduced trust, disrespectful treatment, and lower likelihood of recommending the doctor.
AIDS experts at Johns Hopkins have developed a vaccination strategy that boosts other immune system T cells and prepares them to attack HIV before reactivating it. The approach aims to eliminate latent HIV virus from infected T cells, which has proven difficult to eradicate.
A study published by Johns Hopkins scientists found no substantial evidence that brain cancer blood vessels are composed mainly of cancer cells. The research contradicts previous claims about the composition and potential impact on treatment strategies for these types of tumors.
The new guidelines, drawn from 325 studies with tens of thousands of people infected with HIV, aim to improve entry into treatment plans and adherence to lifelong drug therapy. Key strategies include systematic monitoring, patient navigators, and automated tracking systems to follow up with patients.
Researchers found that BDNF uses microRNA to target the production of specific proteins involved in learning and memory, and that increasing these microRNAs can halt protein production. The study sheds light on how memories are made and offers hope for treating mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have identified five novel gene mutations associated with elevated blood platelet counts in African Americans, a group at higher risk of stroke and worse outcomes after a heart attack. The study's findings could lead to the development of new drugs to prevent coronary artery disease and clot formation.
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers links hearing loss to a three-fold increased risk of falling among the elderly. The findings suggest that people with hearing loss may have reduced awareness of their environment and an increased cognitive load, making them more prone to falls.
New Johns Hopkins research shows that providing recovery housing coupled with day treatment significantly increases the chances of remaining drug-free six months later. Participants who received housing and day treatment had a nearly 10 times higher chance of staying abstinent than those released from detox with minimal assistance.
A study of Latina mothers found that their primary concern is a strong relationship with their pediatrician, rather than language ability. Mothers valued warm and caring providers who take the time to examine and care for their children.