A team of physicists at the University of Arizona discovered a thin layer of iron oxide that explains a long-standing puzzle in magnetic tunnel junctions, which could lead to faster and more efficient spintronics. The finding opens up new possibilities for developing this technology, potentially revolutionizing computing.
Researchers found that on days with little atmospheric moisture, afternoon rainfall is more likely over wetter soils, while on days with high moisture, it's more likely over drier soils. Warmer morning temperatures also contribute to the likelihood of afternoon rainfall.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting heat shock protein 90 in the spinal cord enhances opioid efficacy and decreases side effects. Hsp90 inhibitors could enable dose-reduction strategies for patients while maintaining pain relief.
Research by Ashley LeBaron found that couples who prioritize relationship maintenance behaviors during financial stress tend to have stronger relationships. These behaviors include respecting each other, being present, and showing love and affection. Receiving support from family and friends also plays a crucial role.
Researchers at the University of Arizona conclude that Fomalhaut b, a suspected exoplanet, was likely an expanding cloud of dust from a cosmic collision. The team's analysis of Hubble data reveals characteristics that suggest the planet may never have existed.
New analysis of data from NASA's Cassini spacecraft reveals that auroral electric currents are likely responsible for heating Saturn's upper atmosphere. The study provides the most complete mapping yet of temperature and density in a gas giant's upper atmosphere, shedding light on how heat circulates in the region.
Researchers analyzed Martian meteorites to reconstruct Mars' chaotic history and find that the planet likely received water from at least two distinct sources. The findings suggest Mars never had an ocean of magma completely encompassing the planet, contradicting previous theories.
Researchers at the University of Arizona Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research used a hybrid approach to assign calendar dates to tree rings, potentially pinning down the Thera volcano eruption date. The study spans over 2,000 years and provides context for civilizations in the Bronze and Iron Ages.
A new study published in Nature Ecology and Evolution found that plants and animals share similar patterns of niche evolution in response to climate change. The research analyzed climatic data from 952 plant species and 1,135 vertebrate species, revealing that both groups have a narrow breadth of tolerated environmental conditions.
A study led by University of Arizona researchers challenges the long-held view of the Plaza Tree of Pueblo Bonito as a living tree in an otherwise treeless landscape. Dendroprovenance analysis revealed that the tree did not grow where it was found, suggesting it may have come from distant mountain ranges.
A new study reveals that crustaceans like shrimps and lobsters have a similar brain structure to insects, called mushroom bodies, which are essential for learning and memory. This discovery challenges the long-held belief that these structures are unique to insects.
A study by the University of Arizona found that individuals with high romantic attachment anxiety and avoidance report low life satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and financial satisfaction. They also engage in more irresponsible financial behaviors and perceive their partners' financial behaviors as irresponsible.
A study found that excessive selfie editing and time invested in creating perfect selfies are related to self-objectification, leading to body shame and anxiety. Researchers advise parents to monitor their teens' phone behavior and engage in conversations about self-esteem.
The study reveals that even modest climate warming scenarios can lead to a significant loss of groundwater in the continental US, with the eastern region being more sensitive. As shallow groundwater storage is depleted, it can no longer buffer plant water stress, leading to dramatic changes in vegetation and surface waters.
A new study by University of Arizona researchers estimates that one in three plant and animal species may face extinction by 2070 due to climate change. The study analyzed data from hundreds of plant and animal species surveyed around the globe, finding that maximum annual temperatures are the key variable driving local extinctions.
Researchers found that healthy cells clear harmful aggregates via endocytosis, a process previously thought to occur only on external substances. This discovery could lead to improved treatments for ALS by increasing the efficiency of endocytosis. The next step is to develop ways to enhance this process using genetic and chemical methods.
Researchers at University of Arizona develop mathematical model to simulate PFAS migration through soil and groundwater. The majority of PFAS accumulate in the soil, where they migrate down slowly, posing a significant risk to human health.
Research led by the University of Arizona found that the US East and Gulf Coasts have different responses to storm surges due to ocean and atmospheric circulation interactions. The Gulf Coast, particularly New Orleans, is highly sensitive to tropical cyclone characteristics, leading to elevated storm surge heights.
A study by University of Arizona researcher Terrence Hill found that gun ownership is not associated with improved happiness or better sleep. Gun owners were more likely to be married, which was driving their reported happiness. However, a separate study on sleep disturbance showed no difference between gun owners and non-gun owners.
A new study found that protecting large animals and plants can reduce wild animal biomass by 44% and soil fertility by 92%, highlighting their fundamental role in ecosystem integrity. Larger organisms transport nutrients, promoting productivity and ecological services.
A study found that people's desired personality changes did not align with actual changes, even when participants expressed strong desires for change. College students showed some changes, but often in unintended directions. The findings suggest that changing personality traits may require external assistance.
A team of researchers from the University of Arizona and other institutions is studying the Baja California peninsula's evolution and biodiversity over time. They aim to determine how geological activity, rainfall patterns, and climate cycles have shaped the region's biodiversity and found that multiple causations are likely.
The U-MATTER program uses a deflection approach, directing people with opioid use disorders towards treatment and services. The initiative has seen positive outcomes, including 71 individuals receiving full clinical intake assessments and 40 committing to long-term treatment.
A new study led by Christopher Robertson found no significant differences in charges, fines, and sentences across racial and socioeconomic groups. This contradicts decades' worth of previous research on prosecutorial bias. Instead, policymakers may focus on addressing disparities before arrest, such as economic development and education.
Researchers found that deep acting, trying to align feelings with interactions, leads to higher support from co-workers and progress on work goals. On the other hand, regulators who display both surface and deep acting experience physical and mental strain.
A study tracing acoustic communication across land-living vertebrates reveals that the ability to vocalize dates back to 350 million years ago. The researchers found that this trait is associated with a nocturnal lifestyle, which provides an advantage for sound-based communication.
Researchers aim to create AI agents that understand social cues and human interactions to help teams achieve goals. The ToMCAT project will develop AI agents that gather information about individual players through sensors and eventually suggest interventions via plain-text chat messages.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have discovered that early morning blue light exposure therapy can aid in the healing process of people impacted by mild traumatic brain injuries. The study found that improved sleep quality led to improvements in cognitive function, reduced daytime sleepiness, and actual brain repair.
Research led by University of Arizona found simultaneous droughts in Southern California's main water sources occurred six times per century on average. Perfect droughts lasting two or more years coincide with high pressure off the northwest Pacific Coast and storm tracks shifted north.
Research collaboration discovers genetically modified poplar trees can grow and produce biomass without emitting harmful isoprene. The modification allows trees to adjust to climate stress through natural seasonal cycles, retaining their growth potential. This breakthrough could lead to more sustainable forest plantations.
Researchers found Antarctic waters had changed by comparing shipboard measurements with robot float data, revealing larger-than-predicted warming and oxygen loss around the Antarctic coast. The team improved climate models to better reflect environmental changes, which could impact predictions of ice melt.
Research finds that exposure to one subtype of flu virus in childhood can grant extra protection against future infections, but not if the second strain is from a different group. This explains why some people fare better than others when infected with the same strain.
Researchers developed equations to study life's diversity and predict specific traits, including reproduction timing and lifespan. The new theory refines old understandings about life history tradeoffs and has implications for ecosystem models and management decisions.
A University of Arizona-led team used air-based maps of plant chemistry to better understand tropical forest responses to climate change. By combining traditional on-the-ground measurements with aerial data, researchers improved carbon cycling models and gained insights into the role of forests in the global carbon cycle.
A new University of Arizona study found that 36.5% of all land plant species are very rare, with many clustered in hotspots like the Northern Andes and Southeast Asia. These regions face a disproportionate risk of climate change and human disruption, threatening their survival.
A team of researchers at the University of Arizona has uncovered a previously unknown cellular structure that enables bacteria to rapidly defend against viruses. This newly formed filament increases DNA-cleaving ability by 200 times, making it an essential component of bacterial immune responses.
Researchers found a 'kidney-shaped' brain region that processes and integrates visual information with other sensory inputs. This discovery sheds new light on how mantis shrimp make sense of their breathtaking visual input.
A study by University of Arizona researcher Ashley LeBaron found that religious involvement can both relieve and worsen financial stress. On one hand, religion can reduce materialism, bring monetary blessings, and foster a positive outlook on financial struggles. On the other hand, it can also impose increased financial obligations, re...
A team of researchers from the University of Arizona has discovered a mechanism creating complex carbon molecules, such as C60, in a simulated planetary nebula environment. The study suggests that these molecules are derived from silicon carbide dust made by dying stars and can be dispersed throughout the interstellar medium.
Researchers at the University of Arizona found that changes in rainfall patterns over the past 40 years have been insignificant in most places, with only some local areas showing significant changes. This suggests that scale matters and that climate change may not be the primary driver of migration from Central America.
The University of Arizona is receiving $2.5 million in federal funding to train students as educational interpreters and teachers for K-12 students with visual impairments. This program aims to address a shortage in these fields, providing opportunities for students to gain practical experience through internships.
Researchers found that optimal learning occurs when failure rates are 15%, resulting in 85% accuracy. This '85% Rule' is based on machine-learning experiments and may apply to human perceptual learning as well.
A $1.6 million grant from NSF will study linkages between urban food security and rural agricultural production, focusing on small-sized urban areas in sub-Saharan Africa. The project aims to translate scientific knowledge into data for policymakers to mitigate food security challenges.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have developed a new material that can be used to produce cheaper infrared plastic lenses. The lenses, made from a sulfur-based polymer, are stronger and more temperature-resistant than previous versions and can be produced at lower temperatures, making them more affordable.
Researchers create spatial-human-ecology model to predict interactions between natural and human systems in Pima County. The team aims to provide resource managers with necessary knowledge and tools for proactive management of emerging threats.
Astronomers have found a massive monster galaxy in the early universe, hidden in dust, which has never been seen before. The discovery provides new insights into the first growing steps of some of the biggest galaxies in the universe.
Researchers at the University of Arizona discovered that cellular sleep has different levels, with too deep sleep leading to shutdown. They found that manipulating gene expression patterns could slow aging by adjusting cellular recycling function.
The University of Arizona's two-year AZSecure Cybersecurity Fellowship program will continue to train students in cybersecurity, covering tuition and fees, with a stipend of $34,000 per year. The renewal funding will help about 20 more students over the next five to seven years.
A new study from the University of Arizona suggests that reducing consumption is more effective in improving personal well-being and lower psychological distress compared to green buying. Participants with fewer materialistic values were more likely to engage in reduced consumption and reported higher personal well-being.
The study aims to measure whether using eyeglasses to correct astigmatism in toddlers improves language, cognitive, and motor development. Researchers will divide children with astigmatism into two groups: one receiving traditional support and the other with significant additional clinical support to encourage wear.