Articles tagged with Systems Biology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study of over 345,000 hospitalizations found no significant difference in post-surgical complications between hospitals that participate in quality improvement programs and those that do not. The researchers suggest that while outcomes reporting systems are necessary for improvement, they are not sufficient to drive change.
Researchers have developed a new injectable acoustic fish tag that allows for safe and quick insertion into young fish, reducing the risk of altering their behavior. The new tag, which is about as big as two grains of rice, can release beeps every 0.4 seconds and lasts up to 120 days on a single battery.
A new MIT study analyzes residency compensation using demand analysis, finding residents accept lower wages for experience and prestige. The study suggests salaries may remain low unless residency programs increase the number of positions available.
A Stanford University School of Medicine study reveals that more equitable delivery of evidence-based care can close the gap in colon cancer survival rates between white and African-American patients. The researchers found that five-year death rates were lower for all colon cancer patients treated in integrated health-care systems, wit...
Prof. Amanda Fisher, a renowned cell biologist from Imperial College London, has been awarded the Helmholtz International Fellow Award for her outstanding contributions to gene regulation and HIV research. Her work focuses on epigenetic gene regulation and T lymphocyte development.
Close monitoring of small renal tumors can be an alternative to surgery, with low rates of tumor growth or death observed. The study's findings suggest that actively monitoring these tumors in high-risk patients may prove safer than immediate surgery.
A new study proposes a new model to evaluate medical schools' production of academic physicians with biomedical research careers. The model uses relevant and accessible objective criteria, replacing the subjective criteria used in the current USN&WR rankings system.
A new imaging system has been invented to guide cancer surgery, allowing surgeons to detect malignant tissue in real-time. The system uses a fluorescent dye that localizes in tumors and a handheld laser to visualize tumor boundaries, reducing the risk of cancer recurrence.
A study published in Medical Care found that healthcare professionals who use health information technology are only slightly more likely to receive the necessary patient data for coordinated care. Despite this, many physicians still rely on non-electronic means to access patient information, highlighting ongoing challenges with health...
A new study in mice suggests that a blood-based biomarker for traumatic brain injury (TBI) may not be effective due to the complex glymphatic system. The researchers found that treatments and clinical approaches can disrupt waste removal, leading to unreliable protein levels in the blood.
Leading cardiac specialists have proposed new guidelines for donor heart allocation to increase patient survival rates. The revised system considers factors such as illness severity, waiting list mortality, and geographic variations in allocations.
A recent study published in BMC Health Services Research estimates that medical billing paperwork and insurance-related red tape cost the US economy approximately $471 billion in 2012. The researchers suggest that adopting a simplified, single-payer system of financing health care could result in savings of at least $375 billion annually.
Scientists confirm that face-processing areas in macaque brains respond selectively to facial motion, while reacting less to other types of motion. A new 'middle dorsal patch' is also identified, appearing reliably in response to moving faces, suggesting a potential equivalent in humans.
A study by the University of Geneva reveals how mice avoid their sick peers through the detection of specific olfactory signals by the vomeronasal system. This neural mechanism allows rodents to recognize and avoid diseased individuals, providing a new understanding of social behavior and innate defense strategies.
A study of 2,500 obese patients and 7,500 matched controls found bariatric surgery reduces mortality risk by 53% at 5-14 years post-procedure. The surgery also became safer over time, with lower risk of death during and after the procedure.
Researchers developed a scoring system using biomarkers to predict patient response to GVHD treatment, allowing for personalized treatment approaches. The new system may identify patients who require experimental treatments and those who are over-treated.
A five-year national trial will investigate interventions for patients with multiple chronic conditions, including chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and hypertension. The study aims to identify effective treatments for patients with coexistent diseases and implement integrated healthcare delivery models.
Researchers at the Technical University of Munich have discovered that broccoli's sulforaphane can reduce progerin accumulation and DNA damage in HGPS cells. The study suggests that this natural compound could be a potential therapeutic approach for treating the disease.
Researchers have developed a microwave imaging system that can produce 3D images of the breast, including the location of cancerous tissue. The system uses dielectric properties to differentiate between normal and cancerous tissue, offering better specificity than current methods.
In a six-month trial, 49% of patients withheld clinically sensitive information from their healthcare providers. Patients sought control over who accessed their records, but doctors had mixed reactions. The study aimed to balance individual privacy with healthcare providers' needs for relevant data.
Araim Pharmaceuticals' ARA 290 peptide shows clinically significant pain reduction and improved metabolic control in type 2 diabetics. The novel agent is engineered to activate the innate repair receptor, which turns off inflammation and turns on the body's natural repair system.
Researchers found a way for cells to encode information about incoming chemical signals, given their variable states. By analyzing responses over time, they eliminated the 'noise' of cellular variability and accurately recorded signal levels.
A study found that physicians trained in lower-spending regions tend to continue practicing in a less costly manner, while those from high-spending regions spend more, even when relocating. The effect persists for up to 15 years after training, suggesting an imprinting of care-related spending behaviors during residency.
Researchers have discovered that individuals in opioid recovery exhibit signs of re-regulation of their brain's reward system within several weeks of medical-assisted opioid withdrawal. This finding suggests that the natural reward system may return to normal, making it easier for patients to remain drug-free outside treatment.
A computer system was found to be more effective than doctors in collecting and translating accurate patient data, resulting in more complete and organized reports. The technology has the potential to enhance medical care quality and improve outcomes by harnessing thorough patient information.
A new study suggests that MMP-2 protein plays a signaling role in the immune system, accelerating wound healing in some cases while exacerbating inflammatory diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders. The protein's mechanisms may be leveraged to develop novel treatments for these conditions.
Aarhus University leads a new EUR 8 million European research project to develop a new form of interaction between physical objects and their computer control. The technology aims to make it easier to create credible cyber-physical systems, which are crucial for industry's ability to innovate.
A study by RSNA found that patients who have direct access to their imaging exams report high satisfaction with improved healthcare quality and enhanced patient engagement. The use of Internet-based interoperable image exchange systems allows patients to securely store, manage, and share their imaging records.
A RAND Corporation review found that few health information exchanges have been evaluated, despite significant investments. The relatively few examined exchanges show some evidence of reducing emergency department costs and usage, but outcomes are unknown.
A study led by Mount Sinai researchers found that the clipping of histone protein H3.3 silences genes regulating cell division and duplication, potentially limiting abnormal cell growth in tumors. This discovery has implications for understanding cellular senescence and its role in cancer prevention.
Researchers developed a system to track dynamic process of falling asleep by combining physiologic measurements with behavioral task. The system provides valuable insight into diagnosing and understanding sleep disorders.
A new study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology found a strong link between peanut exposure in household dust and the development of peanut allergies, particularly among children with eczema. The research suggests that exposure to peanut proteins through impaired skin barriers may trigger allergic reactions.
A new study suggests that adding mitral valve repair to coronary artery bypass grafting does not significantly improve patient outcomes. The trial found no differences in mortality, readmissions, or quality of life between the two groups at one year.
A Mount Sinai study found that vital exhaustion increases the risk of first-time cardiovascular disease by 36%, affecting otherwise healthy people. The researchers investigated 11 prospective studies involving 60,610 participants and found a significant association between vital exhaustion and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at Sentient Science and University at Buffalo develop wearable technology to measure stress, fatigue, and resilience. The system sends personalized alerts to prevent heart attacks and physical injuries.
A recent study published in Nature found that a specific brain protein called beta-catenin influences how the brain manages stress and depression. The research suggests that activating this protein may provide a new model of treating depression by bolstering resilience against stress.
Researchers analyzed whole-genome sequences of 17 supercentenarians, but found no rare protein-altering variants significantly associated with extreme longevity. One individual did carry a variant associated with a heart condition, which had little impact on their health.
A study of the volunteer advocate program found that it provided comprehensive care to incapacitated patients, including end-of-life decisions and Medicaid applications. The program's success demonstrates a viable alternative to overwhelmed state agencies and provides hope for vulnerable individuals without surrogates.
The American College of Physicians recommends a systematic approach to discussing end-of-life care goals with patients, aiming for better quality of life and longer survival rates. The guidelines also highlight the importance of training clinicians, identifying at-risk patients, and using structured communication formats.
Researchers identified a cellular culprit in metastasis, finding that an overabundance of Frizzled-2 and its activator Wnt5 triggers EMT in cancer cells. This discovery informs the design of new treatments to prevent or delay metastasis.
Researchers at RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center in Japan have developed a method to image tissues and whole organisms with high precision. They discovered that aminoalcohols included in the CUBIC reagent can elute heme from hemoglobin, making organs dramatically more transparent.
Researchers developed a compact probe that produces detailed images of blood vessels using ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging modalities. The system enables real-time imaging and can reveal important medical information, such as hemoglobin oxygen saturation, for monitoring tumor progression.
Researchers reconstituted cytokinesis, the final stage of cell division, using a cell-free system. The system mimics how the cleavage furrow is assembled, with signals directing molecular traffic. This breakthrough expands the scope of study and enables spatial manipulation of components.
Beneficiaries in ACOs reported improved satisfaction with their care, with significant improvements in timely access to care and perceived coordination of care. However, no significant improvements were found in physician-patient communication skills.
A global budget program has improved the quality of patient care and lowered costs over four years through a plan that uses alternative payment models. The study found significant reductions in healthcare spending and improvements in measures of quality, including better diabetes management and blood pressure control.
Researchers leverage magnetically heated nanoparticles to overcome heat transfer limitations in cryopreservation, enabling rapid thawing of large biomaterials. The technology offers tunable heating rates and can accommodate unloaded sections up to several millimeters in dimension.
A nationwide study found that US doctors spend an average of 8.7 hours per week on administration, including tasks such as billing and insurance approvals. The study also revealed that physicians in Canada spend less time on administrative work due to their single-payer system.
A new study by University of California, Berkeley researchers found that hospital acquisitions and consolidations increase patient costs in California. The study analyzed data from four years and found that per-patient expenditures were higher for physician groups in multi-hospital systems compared to those owned by physicians.
A study published in JAMA found that hospital-owned physician organizations in California incurred significantly higher expenditures for patients compared to physician-owned or multihospital system-owned organizations. On average, hospital-owned organizations had $4,312 per patient, while physician-owned organizations averaged $3,066.
A study by Stanford researchers found that medical practices in less competitive health-care markets charge more for services. The study analyzed U.S. health-care data from 2010 and found that areas with lower competition had higher prices for office visits, translating to tens of billions of dollars in extra spending.
A new study by the University of Michigan found that one in five physicians was unaware a patient had a central venous catheter, which can lead to life-threatening complications such as bloodstream infections and blood clots. The study suggests that improving device awareness is crucial for preventing these complications.
Harvard researchers found that only 26% of psychiatrists offered appointments despite making multiple calls, highlighting the challenges faced by patients seeking mental health care. The study also reveals a significant difference in success rates between cities, with Houston having the most accessible psychiatric services.
A new study from BIDMC found that while patients didn't message doctors more over time, the overall number of messages per doctor increased as more patients enrolled in secure patient web portals. Primary care doctors received 85% of email traffic, despite representing only 40% of the system.
The study developed a prediction tool that uses laboratory and vital-sign data to identify hospital patients at risk for sepsis. The tool resulted in faster sepsis identification, increased orders for diagnostic tests, and more timely administration of antibiotics and intravenous fluids.
Researchers at UT Arlington are creating a wearable interface that uses sensors to monitor the fitting of prosthetic devices and adjust accordingly. The interface aims to improve comfort and reduce discomfort for users, who often experience issues such as blistering and ulcers due to volume changes in their residual limbs.
A new patient management system at Kelowna General Hospital has reduced stroke bed days by over 25% and saved the hospital up to $800,000 per year. The program, called Proprietary Physician, involves coordinating care between doctors, nurses, and family members.
A UT Arlington multi-disciplinary team is optimizing and integrating volumes of data to help physicians make better decisions about treating patients' pain. The project aims to remove bias in assessing treatment effects, providing doctors with more accurate information.
The IU-Regenstrief CHICA system significantly increased the number of children screened for developmental delay at ages 9, 18, and 30 months. The system also improved developmental delay surveillance by eliciting concerns from parents during visits.
Researchers identify butorphanol's target areas in the brain responsible for relieving itch, shedding light on its effectiveness against histamine-mediated and nonhistaminergic types of itch. The study's findings suggest that opioid receptors play a crucial role in modulating itch transmission.
A new study reveals that the US physician payment system is not inherently biased towards surgeons and procedure-performing doctors. The difference in pay between specialties arises mostly from differences in the number of minutes allocated to each service by Medicare's formula, which takes into account estimated times for work.