Articles tagged with Risk Sharing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study from McGill University Health Centre highlights significant gaps in transition care services for young adults with diabetes in Quebec. Pediatric care providers reported lack of standardized policies and limited communication between settings, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to improve the transition process.
A recent study published in JAMA found that patients on the same hospital ward are at increased risk of their own medical crises when a neighboring patient becomes critically ill. The odds of a second patient experiencing a comparable crisis increase by up to 53% if two critical-illness events occur within a six-hour period.
Starting testosterone treatment increases risk of serious blood clots, with the risk peaking within six months and declining gradually thereafter. Although the risks are temporary and low in absolute terms, researchers warn that investigating timing and duration of use may have masked conflicting findings.
The BfR has developed two digital tools, RITOPS and PERCOW, to estimate the transfer of undesirable substances in animal feeds to foods of animal origin. These tools simulate the toxicokinetic behaviour of PFAS in animals and estimate contaminant levels in milk, eggs, and pork.
Researchers tested four surfaces and four foods, finding that moisture, surface type, and contact time all contribute to cross-contamination. Transfer scenarios showed that bacteria can contaminate food instantly, making the five-second rule an oversimplification.
A two-and-a-half-year study of UK households found that consumers who start buying groceries online at a particular chain tend to spend more at that chain than elsewhere. Grocery retailers can attract customers to their online channel by offering personalized features and customized promotions.
A large multicentre study found that freeze-all embryo protocols are associated with significantly improved IVF outcomes, particularly in women over 35. The study showed a 13% increase in ongoing pregnancy rates for these patients compared to traditional fresh embryo transfer methods.
The study found that sharing sanitation facilities with one or two households was associated with an increased risk of diarrhea in young children. Private household sanitation facilities were not found to be associated with this risk at all sites, suggesting a global health priority for access to these facilities.
Despite increased demand, medical professionals are unable to recommend vaginal seeding due to the lack of evidence. Research suggests a potential risk of transferring harmful bacteria to the baby via swabbing, and there is currently only one ongoing study into its effects.
Research finds that personal pension funds beat their benchmarks on average due to the selection of easy-to-outperform benchmarks rather than investment skill. Focusing on a broader asset class can lead to better returns. The study also highlights the importance of considering diversification in pension saving allocation.
Faecal transplants have shown an 85% success rate in treating severe infections like C difficile, outperforming standard antibiotic treatment. However, experts warn of potential risks and call for proper screening of donors, long-term trials, and monitoring to ensure safe and effective use.
A Phase III trial found that conditional cash transfers for school attendance had no effect on reducing HIV incidence among high-school aged women in South Africa. However, these women reported fewer risk behaviors, such as fewer sex partners and less unprotected sex.
The rate of ectopic pregnancy following IVF has decreased significantly over the past 12 years, from 20 cases per thousand cycles in 2000 to 12 cases per thousand in 2012. This decrease is largely attributed to advancements in ART techniques and a reduction in tubal factor infertility.
A recent study revealed that surrogate mothers in Indian fertility clinics lack knowledge about embryo transfer risks, while doctors make unilateral decisions. The existing laws need stricter regulation to ensure rights of all parties are protected.
A new report by Rights and Resources Initiative sheds light on Asia Pulp and Paper's (APP) past failures to respect community land rights in China. The study found that APP's historic land acquisitions posed risks to the company's investments and operations, with significant challenges remaining to be addressed.
A recent study on a cooperative bird species found that dominant birds, who work harder and take on more responsibilities, experience weakened antioxidant protection after a breeding season. This suggests that unequal sharing of workloads in societies may leave the hardest-working individuals at risk of poor health and accelerated ageing.
A study published in BMJ Open found that preterm babies admitted to high volume neonatal units have a lower risk of dying compared to those admitted to low volume units. High volume units provide more care days, which may contribute to better clinical outcomes for vulnerable infants.
A new study found that delayed transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) significantly increases the risk of dying in hospitalized patients. Using a vital sign-based early warning score, researchers examined outcomes after delayed transfer and found that each one-hour increase in transfer delay was associated with a 7% increase in the ...
A large analysis published in BMJ Open found that bed sharing with parents increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by fivefold. The study advises against bed sharing for babies under three months old, citing a significant reduction in SIDS deaths when babies sleep on their backs in a cot.
A new study from London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found that bed sharing with breastfed babies under 3 months increases the risk of cot death by fivefold, even if parents do not smoke. The study suggests that promoting room sharing could save up to 40% of cot death cases in the UK.
High estrogen levels during IVF pregnancy increase the risk of small birth weight and preeclampsia. Freezing embryos for later transfer when hormone levels were lower reduced the incidence of these complications in a small study.
The US healthcare system is a $2.5 trillion industry heavily reliant on the internet, making it a target for cyberterrorism. Experts predict a wave-like attack that could leave staff untrusting of electronic data and demoralize IT teams. To protect itself, the healthcare system must remain vigilant and implement better security measures.
Experts claim that lowering preterm birth rates by an average of 5 percent across 39 high-resource countries can prevent prematurity for 58,000 babies a year. Combining five proven interventions can lower the preterm rate and save about $3 billion in health costs.
Delirium is a common acute condition with significant short- and long-term effects on cognition and function. A systematic evidence review identified risks, prevention options, and prognoses related to delirium, emphasizing the need for effective management strategies.
A policy of single embryo transfer (SET) has been associated with a reduction in overall perinatal mortality for IVF and ICSI babies. SET has also been linked to lower risks of preterm birth and low birth weight, as well as sequelae such as prematurity and neonatal complications.
A meta-analysis suggests that freezing all embryos for later transfer in a non-stimulated cycle may improve implantation and pregnancy rates, reducing the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) associated with fresh embryo transfers. The study found a relative risk of 1.31 for clinical pregnancies, with higher ongoing pregnan...
Children in both US and Great Britain face similar risk factors for behavioral problems, including male children, health issues, and divorced mothers. Strong home environments with nurturing and safe conditions decrease the likelihood of behavior problems in both countries.
A new study published in The Lancet found that transferring one or two embryos during IVF therapy results in higher live birth rates and lower risks of adverse perinatal outcomes. However, transferring three or more embryos is associated with increased risks, especially severe preterm birth.
A systematic review of delirium biomarkers found that clinicians are not using these chemical indicators to diagnose or treat patients with delirium. Biomarkers linked to delirium provide a window into the disease process, enabling better recognition and management of the condition.
A phase IIb study found that dalcetrapib did not harm endothelial function or increase blood pressure, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 31% without altering markers of inflammation and oxidative stress.
A Swedish study published in American Heart Journal found that genetic factors are the primary cause of coronary heart disease, rather than family lifestyle. Adopted individuals with at least one biological parent having coronary heart disease had a 40-60% higher risk of developing the condition.
A Quebec-based study shows a significant reduction in multiple pregnancies after implementing single embryo transfers, sparking debate on the balance between patient rights and government intervention in IVF treatment. Experts weigh in on the ethics of regulating assisted reproductive technology.
Two studies found that frozen embryo transfer (FET) is associated with significantly higher birth weights and larger babies. FET was found to have a similar effect on small-for-gestational-age (SGA) children compared to naturally conceived children.
Researchers investigated predictors of adverse outcomes in IVF singletons, finding associations with preterm birth, small for gestational age, and placenta previa. Maternal smoking, BMI, and years of infertility were linked to increased risks of these conditions.
In a large Chinese city, interventional physicians transferred to patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) improved door-to-balloon time and survival rates. The study found that nearly 85% of patients received specialist care within a year, leading to better long-term outcomes.
A new study suggests that stronger regulations on single embryo transfers during IVF could save lives and reduce healthcare costs. The research found that a significant decrease in risk of premature birth and medical complications would occur with mandatory single embryo transfers.
A recent study by Notre Dame biologists highlights the growing issue of endangered plants being sold online, often illegally, and moved outside their native range. The researchers warn of the dangers of unchecked species redistribution, which can lead to environmental harm and economic costs, including damage to crops and ecosystems.
A study found that hand washing without thorough drying increases the risk of bacterial transfer, while using paper towels or a rapid air jet hand dryer reduces the risk. Rubbing hands together during drying can counteract hand washing effects.
Women who use drugs face double neglect and risk of HIV infection via unprotected sex and unsafe injections. A new proposal outlines trauma-informed approaches to prevent HIV infection, including couple-based interventions and empowerment strategies.
Neuroimaging research suggests that patients in a persistent vegetative state may not be conscious, raising questions about end-of-life care. The Hastings Center Report explores these issues, including the use of palliative sedation and organ donation after cardiac death protocols.
A new study suggests that transferring heart attack patients to specialized hospitals for angioplasty within six hours after clot-busting drugs significantly improves outcomes, reducing repeat heart attacks and serious cardiac complications by 36%. Patients who received earlier angioplasty also had lower rates of chest pain and second ...
Sharing personal genetic information online raises ethical questions about privacy and consent. Stanford researchers say we need more data on who's giving out information and how it's being used to fully understand its implications.
The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology reports an estimated 219,000 to 246,000 babies born through assisted reproductive technology (ART) globally each year. ART procedures have increased by over 25% in two years, with significant variations in availability and quality between countries.
A new technology allows student doctors to practice operations on simulators before trying them out on real patients. Researchers found that simulation training improved success rates for inserting central lines into major veins.
Climate risk insurance solutions can reduce financial risks caused by natural catastrophes, experts say. A proposed risk management module includes a prevention pillar and an insurance pillar to promote adaptation to climate change.
Researchers developed a kite-shaped model to assess the level of risk of water contamination from manure. The model identifies four factors affecting risk: accumulated microbial burden, landscape transfer potential, infrastructure, and social and economic obstacles.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research demonstrates that coupon users face stigma and their proximity affects others' perceptions. Standing near a coupon user can lead to negative opinions about one's character, especially if the individuals are similar or know each other well.
Embryos with hereditary disorders should not always be transferred without unaffected ones, experts say. Doctors should discuss decision-making processes and policy before PGD, prioritizing the child's welfare.
A recent study published in Review of Accounting and Finance suggests that disaggregated bank earnings are more useful for investment decisions than aggregated earnings. Disaggregated earnings better predict next period earnings and stock prices, revealing their potential to improve credit and financing decisions.
A RAND Corporation study finds that the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) improves private insurance markets, saves taxpayers money, and enhances protection for businesses. The study suggests expanding TRIA to include coverage for nuclear, chemical, biological, and radiological attacks.
A new risk assessment tool has been developed to help reduce the transfer of disease-causing bacteria from farmed environments to watercourses. The expert-weighted risk tool identifies fields and farmyards with the greatest likelihood of contaminating waterways, allowing farmers and landowners to prioritize clean-up efforts.
Studies have shown that children born through assisted reproduction techniques face higher risks of complications during and after pregnancy, including increased rates of pre-eclampsia, stillbirths, low birthweight, and major malformations.
A study of women's moods during IVF found a strong relationship between negative mood and multiple embryo transfer. Women with more negative moods perceived lower chances of multiple pregnancies and rated their choices as riskier. This research aims to improve understanding of emotional health during IVF treatment.
A randomized trial found mild IVF with single embryo transfer resulted in similar livebirth rates to standard IVF while reducing complications and costs. Mild strategies also reduced patients' discomfort and diminished the risks of multiple pregnancies.
A nationwide panel recommends ranking hospitalized patients by their risk level and assigning a score-based system to make decisions about discharging or transferring patients in emergency situations. This approach could safely empty 70% of hospital beds within 72 hours, improving resource allocation and patient care during disasters.
Researchers found that freezing and delaying embryo transfer reduces severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and its life-threatening consequences, resulting in better overall outcomes. The study analyzed medical records of 1,002 patients who underwent IVF between 2000 and 2004.
The American Society of Reproductive Medicine recommends limiting embryo transfers during in-vitro fertilization procedures to one, reducing the risk of complications for both mother and fetus. The goal is to decrease higher-order multiple gestations and their associated preterm birth risks.
A study published by the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology found that babies born after SET (single embryo transfer) in IVF pregnancies have similar birth weights, gestational ages, and stillbirth rates to those conceived naturally. However, SET pregnancies reported more hypertension.
A study published in Health Services Research found that patients with head injuries transferred from rural trauma centers to Level I trauma centers in Oregon and Washington had a 10% lower mortality risk. This improvement is attributed to the comprehensive care and training programs available at Level I centers.
Researchers found that individuals with high transferrin saturation levels have a 2.24 times greater relative risk of cancer when consuming excessive iron intake, emphasizing the need for dietary restrictions to mitigate this risk. Additionally, a study analyzing over 35,000 participants revealed that family-level influences significan...