Articles tagged with Hiv Prevention
A new study suggests that adult circumcision would have a very small effect on reducing HIV incidence in the US. The study found that only 500 out of 65,700 gay and bisexual men in San Francisco would potentially benefit from circumcision.
Less than 1 in 10 injecting drug users globally are covered by effective HIV prevention interventions, with most relying on a combination of needle and syringe programs, opioid substitution therapy, and antiretroviral therapy. Scaling up these combined approaches is crucial to reduce HIV transmission among IDUs.
A meta-analysis found that only intensive, multi-session treatment programs reduced amphetamine use. The authors emphasize the need for scalable and cost-effective interventions to address the relationship between amphetamine drug use and HIV risk.
The CAPRISA 004 microbicide study has shown that an antiretroviral drug can be formulated into a vaginal gel protecting women against HIV infection. This finding is crucial for empowering at-risk populations with a safe and effective prevention tool, marking a significant milestone in HIV prevention.
A study of gay male couples found that sexual agreements mainly improve relationship satisfaction and build trust. However, broken agreements can increase HIV risk when partners have different understandings of their agreement.
Charles Shagi, a community educator from Tanzania, received the second Omololu Falobi Award for Excellence in HIV Prevention Research Community Advocacy. His work empowers women and their communities to advocate for themselves and become partners in HIV prevention research trials.
A systematic review found inadequate coverage of effective interventions for HIV prevention among injecting drug users globally. Only 8% of injectors have accessed needle and syringe programs in the last year, with coverage varying greatly between countries.
The Medical College of Wisconsin's Center for AIDS Intervention Research received a five-year, $11.16 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to continue its HIV prevention research. The center will focus on high-risk population segments in the US and expand international HIV prevention programs.
In Ethiopia, the scale-up of antiretroviral treatment has achieved remarkable success in expanding access to treatment and HIV counseling and testing. However, HIV prevention interventions and managing chronic care patients are lagging behind. Task shifting to health officers and workers is credited with these successes, but urgent att...
The UCSF Center of Excellence for Transgender HIV Prevention has received a grant to expand access to culturally competent health care information and resources. This will improve the quality of medical care received by transpeople in California and around the nation.
UCSF's Positive Choice: Interactive Video Doctor and Healthy Living interventions have been selected by the CDC for their effectiveness in reducing HIV risk behaviors. These programs address crucial aspects of living with HIV, including stress and coping, transmission risk behaviors, and adherence to medication regimens.
Three studies show that becoming circumcised reduces a man's chances of acquiring HIV from an infected woman by approximately half. The Male Circumcision Consortium will work to expand voluntary male circumcision services in Kenya and other African countries, with the goal of saving millions of lives.
To reduce HIV transmission, radical behavioral change is necessary, involving a range of strategies including increasing HIV knowledge, decreasing risky behaviors, and providing access to treatment. The authors emphasize the need for sustainable commitment and proper resources to implement these prevention strategies.
The Lancet series highlights the importance of combination prevention approaches, combining behavioural, medical, and structural strategies. The authors warn that global prevention efforts are woefully insufficient, with fewer than 10% of individuals at risk receiving key services.
Most countries are not effectively targeting their HIV resources, and new strategies must be implemented to improve prevention interventions. The limited data available indicate that many countries are focusing their prevention resources where the epidemics are concentrated, leading to low coverage rates for effective interventions.
The Lancet Series on HIV Prevention calls for confident and unified leadership to overcome barriers to effective HIV prevention. The authors urge investment in operational research, HIV vaccine development, and capacity building for national authorities to deliver universal access.
Global gay communities are experiencing a decline in physical infrastructure and attendance at events. The rise of online dating and achievement of civil rights contribute to this shift.
The Omololu Falobi Award honors advocates for their work in community advocacy and international leadership in HIV prevention research. Srikrishnan Aylur Kailasam was recognized for his role in working with marginalized communities, while Lori Heise received the award for her leadership in microbicide research as a partner.
Researchers have developed a new laboratory mouse model that can be used to test the efficacy of pre-exposure antiviral drugs to prevent HIV infection. The BLT mice have human blood cells, liver, and thymus tissue, making them susceptible to vaginal infection with HIV.
Researchers developed an HIV prevention program for adolescent runaways using a Strengths-Based Case Management model. The program focused on the youth's strengths and future goals, empowering them to realize their potential and preventing health risks.
CONRAD has received a $28.5 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to develop microbicides for HIV prevention, supporting combination microbicide research and testing of novel candidates.
The new analyses revealed that the vaccine showed no measurable efficacy, and among individuals with background immunity to the adenovirus vector, there were more HIV infections in the vaccinees as compared to those in the placebo group. The STEP data will continue to be analyzed to better understand these results.
A new study suggests that a lack of HIV prevention dollars for male sex workers in the Caribbean is fuelling the region's AIDS epidemic. The study found that bisexual behaviour among these men can significantly contribute to the spread of HIV.
A recent study suggests that adult male circumcision could help prevent HIV transmission in the US, particularly among heterosexual couples. However, the effectiveness of circumcision in reducing HIV risk among men who have sex with men (MSM) is uncertain due to limited data and potential biases.
A US anti-prostitution pledge restricts funding for HIV programs that support decriminalization or legalization of sex work, hindering global HIV control efforts. Empowering sex workers through organization and unionization can be an effective HIV prevention strategy.
A study of 5000 African women found that using diaphragms with condoms offered no additional protection against HIV. The researchers noted lower condom use in the diaphragm group, but no significant increase in HIV incidence.
Researchers found that each doubling of a program's scale can reduce costs by around a third, making it a cost-effective strategy to prevent more HIV infections. Larger prevention programs use money more efficiently than smaller ones, with some large programs being ten times more efficient.
A recent study published in BMC Health Services Research found that larger HIV prevention programs in low and middle-income countries can reduce unit costs of prevention services by up to a third. By rapidly scaling up well-run existing programs, the study suggests that more HIV infections may be averted.
A historical analysis by Johns Hopkins researchers found that increased investment in HIV prevention programs led to a significant decline in new infections. The study suggests that increasing national investment in effective prevention services could further lower infections and save lives and dollars.
A new approach to HIV prevention focuses on reducing partners, with early evidence from Uganda and Kenya showing a decline in HIV incidence among men. The strategy is seen as a crucial step towards reversing the epidemic, particularly in regions where partner reduction has been successful.
A tailored HIV prevention program was found to decrease risky sexual behavior among Latino adolescents, increasing condom use and abstinence. The program incorporated aspects of Latino culture into sexual health education messages, resulting in significant reductions in unprotected sex and multiple partners.
A recent study highlights the urgent need for consistent HIV prevention methods in prisons, despite international guidelines recommending similar healthcare standards. Experts argue that mass incarceration of non-violent drug-offenders needs review and should prioritize public health over punitive policies.
Research reveals that Asian immigrant religious institutions in NYC are often uninformed about HIV prevention and care, with leaders citing cultural and moral taboos as barriers to involvement. Despite this, many acknowledge the importance of promoting general health and community service.
The World Health Organization's "3 by 5" initiative aims to treat 3 million HIV-infected individuals in poor and middle-income countries by the end of 2005. Critics argue that this approach overlooks prevention strategies, is cash-strapped, and lacks country ownership.
A recent study found that HIV clinicians with fatalistic attitudes are less likely to provide prevention counseling to HIV-positive patients. The study surveyed 618 patients and found a correlation between provider fatalism and reduced reporting of prevention services.
Failure to meet HIV prevention goals may result in significant financial losses. The CDC's national goal of reducing new infections by 50% might not be met by 2005, leading to an estimated $18 billion in incurred net medical costs between now and 2010.
A study estimates that US HIV prevention efforts saved between 204,000 to 1.585 million lives and resulted in cost savings of at least $11 billion since the onset of the epidemic, with a cost per infection prevented ranging from under $50,000 to $6,400.
A community-based intervention implemented in Albuquerque from 1997-98 found that young gay men reported a 12% decrease in unprotected anal intercourse, reversing baseline increases. The study suggests that empowering communities to establish healthy environments with peer support can effectively reduce HIV risk behavior.
A national committee recommends a strategy focused on better tracking of HIV infections, coupled with funding the most cost-effective prevention programs. The approach aims to significantly cut new infections, particularly in high-risk populations.
New data from an NHLBI pediatric AIDS study show no significant differences in cardiac function between children exposed to AZT and those not exposed. The study provides reassuring evidence that AZT is not associated with any significant negative clinical effects on the heart.
A new study suggests that people who seek sex partners online are at a greater risk of acquiring sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV. The survey found that online sex seekers were more likely to have had previous STDs and had more partners than those who did not use the internet to solicit sex.
A study found that only 9% of articles in top US medical journals focused on primary prevention or screening, while 60% addressed treatment and basic science. The researchers called for further studies to expand the analysis.
Despite new treatments extending lives of individuals with HIV, the overall shortfalls in AIDS treatments are becoming apparent. The US data shows a stabilization in AIDS cases and deaths diagnosed each quarter since July 1998, with roughly 4,000 AIDS deaths and 10,000 AIDS cases diagnosed annually.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has launched a global network to develop and test preventive HIV vaccines. The network, known as the HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN), will provide a comprehensive framework for conducting clinical trials globally.
The conference aims to advance integrated approaches to prevention, treatment, and policy issues for people with drug problems and chronic infections. Over 1,000 experts will attend to share practical strategies for implementing coordinated services.
A new study aims to reduce sexual behaviors that lead to HIV transmission by decreasing isolation of HIV-positive men and engaging them in primary prevention. The 'Bay Men' study, funded by the CDC, uses a support group format with social interaction to provide a safe environment for discussion and learning from each other.
A study of 700 street youth found that geographic mobility and high-risk behaviors contributed to the spread of HIV among young people. The majority of those infected were male, aged 23-25, with high levels of unprotected sex, prostitution, and intravenous drug use.
The UCSF AIDS Research Institute is hosting a symposium to discuss strategies for preventing the second HIV epidemic. Experts will cover topics such as vaccine development, drug resistance, and post-exposure prevention.
A study found that an HIV prevention program targeting young gay men through social networks and peer support significantly reduced unprotected anal intercourse. Participants reported increased enjoyment of safe sex and better communication with friends about safer sex practices.
A nationwide study is being launched in six US cities to determine the most effective HIV prevention counseling program. The study, called EXPLORE, will compare two behavior interventions: standard risk reduction counseling and a client-centered approach that focuses on personal decision-making.
Researchers studied 1,200 female crack users, finding that exchangers were four times more likely to have been in substance abuse treatment and twice as likely to be homeless. The study aims to develop effective HIV prevention measures targeting women at risk of exchanging sex for drugs.
A landmark study found that behavioral interventions can cut high-risk sexual behaviors in half and more than double regular condom use among hardest-to-reach populations. The intervention, which focuses on motivation and skills to reduce high-risk behaviors, was effective in reducing gonorrhea incidence by half among men.
A simplified regimen of twice-weekly isoniazid preventive therapy for six months or rifampicin and pyrazinamide for two months was found to be effective in preventing active tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals. Higher compliance with treatment was observed among those who received the shorter course of treatment.
A two-month course of therapy is an effective alternative to the year-long regimen for preventing active tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals. The study found that fewer deaths occurred among patients in the two-drug arm, with improved treatment compliance compared to the one-drug arm.
A recent study by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) found that women using N-9 film with condoms had an overall rate of HIV transmission of 6.7%, significantly lower than previously estimated rates in this population.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin Medical School have shown that vaccination can reduce or prevent fatal immune responses to a virus in mice, even though the virus continues to live in the animals. This finding has important implications for treating chronic and latent viral infections such as AIDS, herpes, and tuberculosis.