Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
Erlotinib has been shown to improve progression-free survival in patients with advanced lung cancer carrying EGFR activating mutations. The OPTIMAL trial found that erlotinib nearly tripled progression-free survival compared to a standard chemotherapy combination. Safety analyses also showed lower rates of adverse events with erlotinib.
A new clinical study reveals a technique called partial wave spectroscopic microscopy can differentiate individuals with lung cancer from those without, even in lifetime smokers or COPD patients. The findings suggest that this minimally invasive test could lead to personalized screening for lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deat...
Researchers developed a method to detect early signs of lung cancer by examining cheek cells using biophotonics technology. The test, called partial wave spectroscopic (PWS) microscopy, shows promise in prescreening patients at high risk for the disease.
A retrospective study found that African-American patients had a lower median overall survival rate due to factors such as age, stage, and type of treatment, rather than their race. Patients of other races, including Asian and Hispanic patients, had a better disease prognosis.
The TRUST study found that erlotinib significantly increased survival for patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC. Certain patient groups, such as adenocarcinoma, women, and Asian ethnicity, showed greater tumor responses to EGFR TK inhibitors.
A new study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that approximately half of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients received chemotherapy treatment, exceeding previous estimates. The retrospective analysis showed age and insurance type were associated with chemotherapy administration.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have discovered a key protein factor, Ets1, involved in the progression of lung cancer. The study aims to identify new therapeutic targets to block tumor growth and metastasis, offering hope for improved patient outcomes.
A 40-year-long tobacco control program in California has led to significant reductions in smoking rates, resulting in lower lung cancer mortality. The study credits the state's aggressive tax on cigarettes and comprehensive tobacco control efforts.
A study by the University of Melbourne found that close relatives of women diagnosed with breast cancer before age 35 have a higher risk of developing other cancers. These include prostate, lung, brain, and urinary tract cancers, with increased risks ranging from 2 to 8 times higher than expected.
Researchers found that African-American patients with non-small cell lung cancer have similar rates of EGFR mutations, making targeted therapies like erlotinib a viable option. This discovery challenges previous assumptions about racial disparities in lung cancer treatment.
The study found that radiation exposure increases the risk of both first and second cancers to a similar degree, with higher risks for radiation-sensitive cancers like lung, colon, breast, thyroid, and bladder cancers. Cancer survivors with a history of radiation exposure should continue to be closely monitored for second cancers.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found that overexpressing microRNA-21 promotes the formation, growth and survival of new tumors in mice with non-small-cell lung cancer. The study suggests that inhibiting miR-21 could be a therapeutic approach to treating the disease.
A study by Heike Allgayer's team found that micro-RNA miR-200c inhibits the motility and invasive capacity of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Higher miR-200c levels were associated with increased tissue-anchoring molecules and lower metastasis rates.
A genetic signature has been identified that can help doctors determine which patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer are at high risk for developing disease recurrence and may benefit from chemotherapy after surgery. The study found that the 15-gene signature predicted aggressive disease in 62 patients, and those with agg...
A study found that tumor budding is a distinct morphologic feature with biologic and prognostic significance in lung adenocarcinoma, significantly linked to aggressive disease characteristics. The presence of tumor budding was also associated with lower five-year survival rates.
A study published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that using the histoculture drug response assay to guide chemotherapy improves lung cancer survival and prognosis for patients who have undergone surgery. The use of adjuvant chemotherapy based on assay results showed a higher five-year survival rate compared to traditional treatm...
A researcher at Michigan State University is studying the role of the innate immune system in protecting against lung cancer. Alison Bauer's work may lead to new approaches to prevent, identify and treat lung cancer.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have found that adult stem cells vital for lung repair are associated with a poor prognosis in patients who develop cancer. These cells may mutate into cancer-causing stem cells, making them a potential target for prevention strategies and new targeted therapies.
A recent study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that estrogen alone was not associated with increased lung cancer mortality among postmenopausal women. In contrast, combined hormone therapy showed a statistically significant increase in breast cancer incidence and a reduction in colorectal cancer.
A study of 342 early-stage lung cancer survivors found that nearly 60% experienced long-term dyspnea, with associated risk factors including reduced physical activity and depression. Targeting post-treatment rehabilitation strategies to improve breathlessness may be effective in improving outcomes.
Research published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology defines timeframes for declaring early stage lung cancer cured. Patients with stage IA NSCLC without vascular invasion can be considered cured after five years, while those with vascular invasion require longer follow-up until at least nine years.
A study from American Cancer Society researchers found that more time spent sitting is associated with a higher risk of mortality, particularly in women. The association remained virtually unchanged after adjusting for physical activity level, suggesting that reducing sedentary behavior can help lower death rates.
A novel approach detects genetically abnormal cells in the blood of non-small cell lung cancer patients, increasing with disease severity. The study suggests that these circulating cells could be used to diagnose lung cancer earlier and monitor response to therapy.
Researchers confirm bevacizumab's safety in treating advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer when combined with chemotherapy. The comprehensive study found no new safety signals beyond previously known toxicities, including life-threatening effects like bleeding.
A study analyzed the probability of surviving nine types of cancer in Spain, comparing rates to European averages. The results show varying survival rates for different cancers, with some types having high recovery rates (e.g., testicular and skin melanoma) while others have lower rates (e.g., lung cancer).
A new method of tissue banking enables researchers to obtain high-quality RNA samples from lung tumor biopsies, increasing the number and type of tumors available for gene expression studies. This improves personalized medicine prospects for lung cancer patients.
Research features standardized approaches to measure and compare tumor size in lung cancer. The use of precise quantitation tools may allow for more rapid evaluation of the success or failure of drug candidates in clinical trials.
Cancer stem cells have been identified in a model of human lung cancer, but their uniqueness varies between tumors depending on the tumor's genetic signature. The study suggests that targeting specific cancer cell populations based on the tumor genotype may lead to personalized and effective treatments.
Researchers discovered that asbestos exposure leads to the release of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), which promotes tumor growth and inflammation. Elevated levels of HMGB1 in patients exposed to asbestos may enable simple serological testing to identify at-risk individuals.
Researchers found that administering nab-paclitaxel weekly resulted in a 48% response rate and less severe side effects compared to every-three-week dosing. The study showed improved anti-tumor activity and reduced nerve damage with the novel formulation.
A study analyzing nearly 400,000 participants found that increased blood levels of vitamin B6 and methionine were associated with a reduced risk of developing lung cancer. The findings suggest these nutrients may play a role in inhibiting cancer development, offering potential for dietary modification to reduce cancer risk.
Researchers analyzed surgical outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer patients over 30 years, finding improved survival rates with earlier stage diagnoses. The increase in patients diagnosed with early-stage adenocarcinoma is thought to contribute significantly to the favorable results.
A recent study found that patients with early-stage lung cancer often forego surgery due to misconceptions about prognosis, communication with doctors, and personal life after treatment. The research also highlights racial disparities in surgical rates among black patients compared to their white counterparts.
A new UNC study found that African Americans with two or more medical conditions had almost zero surgeries, while white patients in the same situation had surgery just as often. The study also found that lack of a regular source of care led to significantly lower surgical rates for black patients.
A recent study uses genomic analysis to understand complex cellular signals driving lung cancer's deadly spread. The research identifies specific molecules linked to non-small cell lung cancer's (NSCLC) invasive and metastatic processes, providing a basis for effective therapies.
A meta-analysis of publicly available data from randomised trials found that patients taking ARBs had a significantly increased likelihood of new cancer diagnosis compared with patients in control groups. The study also found a modestly increased risk of lung cancer among ARB users, but no significant excess in cancer deaths.
A decade-long Phase III clinical trial found that selenium has no benefit in reducing the risk of developing lung cancer, either a recurrence or second primary malignancy. The study involved 1,522 Stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients and showed that selenium had minimal side effects but failed to demonstrate any protective effect.
Vandetanib significantly prolongs progression-free survival and improves response rates compared to standard chemotherapy alone in previously treated advanced NSCLC patients. The addition of vandetanib also reduces symptoms and increases time to worsening of symptoms.
A study published in Cancer journal found that cofilin (CFL1) levels can predict patient prognosis and identify potential non-responders to treatment. High levels of CFL1 correlate with aggressive tumor behavior and resistance to certain anticancer drugs.
Researchers found that smoke triggers rapid changes in gene expression in the lungs of female mice, increasing expression of genes involved in estrogen metabolism. These findings suggest that estrogen metabolism may contribute to lung cancer in non-smoking women.
The Lung Cancer Research Foundation donated $25,000 to support TGen's lung cancer research, recognizing the institute's groundbreaking work in improving detection and treatment. This marks the second year of the 'Strides for Life' event, which aims to advance lung cancer research.
A phase III clinical trial found no significant difference in overall survival between AE-941 and placebo arms for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The study suggests that shark cartilage-derived products do not support the treatment of lung cancer.
A large Phase III randomized trial of shark cartilage as a cancer agent found no survival benefit for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The study enrolled 379 newly-diagnosed patients and did not meet its primary endpoint: survival.
Complete Genomics sequenced a patient's lung tumor and normal tissue to detect somatic mutations and structural variations. The study found over 50,000 high-confidence single nucleotide variations, revealing an estimated genome-wide somatic mutation rate of 17.7 per Mb.
Peregrine's PS-targeting antibody bavituximab reactivates the immune system to attack and destroy cancer cells, potentially working synergistically with multiple therapies. The company plans to initiate two new Phase II trials in refractory and front-line lung cancer patients by mid-year.
Erlotinib maintenance therapy significantly improves progression-free and overall survival in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. The treatment is generally well-tolerated, with mild to moderate side effects.
UT Southwestern Medical Center is part of a nationwide study offering free genetic testing for lung cancer patients. The study aims to identify mutations in malignant lung tumors and develop targeted therapies. Participants will have access to their test results and guidance on potential clinical trials.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that high expression of CD24 is a negative independent prognostic factor for progression-free and cancer-specific survival in NSCLC. CD24-high expression was also associated with adenocarcinoma histology, higher risk of disease progression, and cancer-related death.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic are testing new endoscopic optics to detect precancerous polyps and micrometastasis. The pCLE system shows the highest accuracy yet in detecting small polyps, with a specificity of 100%. This technology has the potential to perform virtual biopsies, reducing unnecessary procedures.
Transplant patients have a significantly increased risk of developing lung cancer after organ transplantation, with the highest rates seen in heart and liver recipients. Researchers found that 0.85% of transplants developed lung cancer over 22 years, with higher incidence rates in smokers.
The European Society for Medical Oncology has approved a personalized treatment for lung cancer, based on tumor characteristics. This approach promises to improve patient outcomes and reduce toxicity compared to traditional treatments.
A new blood test has been found to identify patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who are more likely to respond to erlotinib treatment. The test, which analyzes specific 'fingerprints' of a protein called EGFR, showed a significant response rate in patients with good proteomic profiles compared to those with poor profiles.
A Phase I trial combining pemetrexed with radiation and chemotherapy for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer demonstrates tolerability and efficacy. The regimen allows high cytotoxic doses during radiotherapy, increasing the chance of killing cancerous cells.
A new 4-dimensional software program helps doctors adjust for breathing movements when treating lung cancer with radiotherapy. This allows for more accurate targeting of tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues.
Analyzing Spanish gene expression data may help identify patients who will benefit most from treatment with angiogenesis-inhibitor drugs. Researchers found a correlation between high levels of VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 in tumor samples and poor prognosis, suggesting these genes could be used to tailor therapy to individual patients.
Researchers found that lung cancer patients whose tumors over-express the cell surface molecule CXCR4 have significantly worse clinical outcomes and shorter overall survival times. This suggests that CXCR4 could be a promising new target for personalized cancer therapy.
A study comparing lung cancer survival rates in England, Norway, and Sweden found that Swedes had the highest survival rates, with 16% of women diagnosed surviving five years. The difference in death rates was largely concentrated in the first year after diagnosis, suggesting a possible link between treatment activity and outcomes.
Almost 50% of AIDS patients died from AIDS, but non-AIDS related deaths increased after four years of treatment with ART. Lifestyle-related causes like suicide and liver disease were common non-AIDS deaths.
A NIST research team has found that using volumetrics can improve the accuracy of CT scans for diagnosing lung cancer, allowing physicians to notice smaller volume changes. This method could potentially cut diagnosis time from six months to four weeks.
Researchers found that metformin decreases insulin levels and inhibits tumor growth in mice exposed to tobacco carcinogens. Metformin reduced lung tumor burden by 40-72% in treated mice.