Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
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Researchers sequenced a patient's entire DNA and RNA to identify the origins of their metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung, a mutation in the TP53 gene being found to halt tumor suppressor gene creation and result in tumor generation
The study found that trusts with more pure thoracic surgeons saw a significant increase in lung cancer resection rates. In 2009, the overall resection rate rose by 46% due to increased investment in thoracic surgical expertise.
A new PET imaging technique using [11C]erlotinib may help doctors identify lung cancers that respond well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), enabling personalized therapy. The test showed significantly higher tracer uptake in tumors with activating EGFR mutations, indicating a potential non-invasive predictive marker.
The EURTAC Phase III study found that erlotinib nearly doubled progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy, with a better tolerability profile for Western patients with NSCLC and EGFR activating mutations. The response rate to erlotinib was 54.5%, significantly higher than the 10.5% response rate to chemotherapy.
Research reveals that lung adenocarcinomas in never-smokers exhibit greater genome instability and altered genetic patterns compared to those in smokers. The findings suggest distinct molecular mechanisms driving the development of lung cancer in never-smokers, potentially requiring unique treatments.
Research found that high EGFR expression is a predictor of improved survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with cetuximab and chemotherapy. Patients with high tumor EGFR expression averaged 12 months of overall survival, compared to 9.6 months for those without high expression.
A new study reveals that ALK rearrangement affects nearly 10% of lung cancer patients, while MET amplification occurs in another 4.1%. This could lead to targeted therapy options like crizotinib for these patients.
The LuCED test uses 3D imaging to accurately detect cancer cells in sputum samples from high-risk individuals. This approach can significantly lower the number of false positive cases, making mass screening programs more feasible and cost-effective.
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) welcomed the publication of positive results from the National Lung Screening Trial, which showed a 20% reduction in lung cancer deaths and a 7% decrease in all-cause mortality among heavy smokers screened with low-dose spiral computed tomography. The trial followed ove...
A new study published in New England Journal of Medicine found that CT scans can detect lung cancer at an early stage, reducing death rates by 20%. The trial involved over 53,000 current or former heavy smokers and showed improved survival rates for those who received the CT scan.
The study found a significant reduction in lung cancer deaths among heavy smokers screened with low-dose helical CT, with a 20% decrease compared to those screened with chest X-ray. The screening test identified adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas at early stages of disease, providing valuable insights for future patients.
The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) found that low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) screening reduced lung cancer deaths among participants who were screened with CT versus those screened with chest X-ray. The study enrolled 53,000 current and former heavy smokers aged 55 to 74.
A large clinical trial found that low-dose spiral CT scanning reduced lung cancer deaths by 20% compared to chest X-ray screening. The study involved over 53,000 participants and provided conclusive evidence of the mortality benefit from CT screening.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine confirms that helical low-dose CT scans for lung cancer reduce deaths in heavy smokers by 20 percent. The research also highlights the need for further analysis on cost-effectiveness, downstream consequences, and screening strategies.
The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center has introduced a comprehensive lung cancer screening program to detect the disease early. With computed tomography (CT) scans, the program reduces lung cancer-specific mortality by 20%, improving health outcomes for high-risk individuals.
The American Cancer Society's latest report finds a steady decline in overall cancer death rates since the early 1990s, with about 898,000 deaths avoided between 1990 and 2007. However, progress has not benefited all segments of the population equally, with cancer death rates among less-educated individuals being more than twice those ...
A gene linked to emphysema is also found to contribute to lung cancer development, with men showing a higher incidence of the disease. The study suggests that PLAGL2 expression could be used as a marker for cells at risk of malignant transformation.
A clinical trial revealed crizotinib's effectiveness in shrinking tumors and improving responses in over 60% of ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. The treatment has shown dramatic benefits with minimal side effects, opening new avenues for targeted therapy.
Scientists have identified a drug combination that shows a survival advantage in advanced lung cancer patients who no longer respond to existing therapies. The combination of bexarotene and erlotinib broadens the reach to include patients resistant due to ras mutations, offering new hope for those with limited treatment options.
Five advocacy organizations from India, Australia and the US have been granted travel awards by IASLC to attend the 14th World Conference on Lung Cancer in Amsterdam. The winners will enjoy free registration, accommodation and travel expenses, as well as free IASLC affiliate membership.
Researchers found Asian non-small cell lung cancer patients survived longer than Caucasians regardless of the number of chemotherapy drugs given, with improved survival rates after targeted therapies were introduced in the early 2000s.
End-of-life care for cancer patients varies significantly between the US and Canada, with higher rates of hospital admissions and emergency room visits in Ontario compared to the US. In contrast, US patients receive more chemotherapy, particularly in the last month of life.
Scientists have identified key molecular patterns in the blood of lung cancer patients, which can help detect the disease at an early stage. The study found these patterns are present even in tumors still in their earliest stages, offering new hope for improving lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.
A study suggests that evaluating gene expression changes in nasal cells can serve as a non-invasive approach for early detection of lung cancer. The researchers identified 170 genes that were differentially expressed between patients with and without lung cancer, including genes linked to colon cancer and tumor suppression.
Research by Dr. Inés Ibañez-Tallon and her team at MDC Berlin-Buch reveals that the midbrain habenula region plays a key role in nicotine dependence. The study found that only a balanced activity of two genes can rein in nicotine use.
Researchers identified characteristic patterns of molecules called microRNA (miRNA) in the blood of people with lung cancer that may reveal its presence and aggressiveness. These patterns could potentially lead to a blood test for early detection, even up to two years before tumor formation.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that patient reports of family cancer history are not highly accurate. The study revealed low to moderate accuracy rates for breast, colorectal, prostate, and lung cancer diagnoses, with higher accuracy rates for first-degree relatives
UCLA researchers have discovered a novel method to stimulate the immune system against lung cancer by delivering an immune-stimulating protein via nanoscale containers called vaults. The approach showed potent inhibition of cancer growth in pre-clinical studies and has the potential to be a game-changer in cancer immunotherapy.
Researchers discovered that immune cells play a crucial role in the worsening of atopic dermatitis when exposed to food allergens, with implications for prevention and treatment. Additionally, studies identified TIF1-gamma as a tumor suppressor in mouse and human chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
Researchers found that temsirolimus strongly blocked mTOR-mediated signals and had a cytostatic effect on all mesothelioma cells. The study suggests using mTOR inhibitors as a novel anti-mesothelioma strategy, particularly in combination with chemotherapy.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has developed a guideline for palliative thoracic radiation therapy to treat advanced lung cancer. The guideline recommends various regimens of thoracic external beam radiation therapy as effective for symptom palliation, but not endobronchial brachytherapy or concurrent chemotherapy.
The National Institutes of Health has funded a study to develop an inhaled lung cancer treatment using the drug 5-azacytidine. Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine aim to target premalignant lung cancer by reactivating genes that suppress tumors.
The number of AIDS-defining cancers decreased, while non-AIDS-defining cancers increased significantly between 1991-2005. Lung cancer emerged as the most common malignancy in people with HIV but not AIDS.
A Wayne State University study found that soy isoflavones can sensitize cancer cells to radiation while protecting normal tissue. The study demonstrated that soy isoflavones can block DNA repair mechanisms in cancer cells, leading to increased killing of lung cancer cells by radiation
Researchers at MIT have identified a genetic change that helps lung tumors metastasize, with reduced NKX2-1 activity associated with higher death rates for lung-cancer patients. Understanding this gene's role may help scientists develop drugs to counteract its loss.
Researchers found significantly higher rates of HPV antibodies in people with lung cancer compared to those without the disease. High-risk types of HPV were particularly prevalent, suggesting a potential link between HPV infection and lung cancer development.
A recent study presents a promising serum test that can identify lung cancer in people who have never smoked. The test uses a panel of biomarkers to analyze blood samples and has shown high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing lung cancer from non-cancerous conditions.
A recent study published by the American Association for Cancer Research found that nicotine at doses similar to those found in most nicotine replacement therapies did not increase lung cancer tumor incidence, frequency or size. The researchers concluded that nicotine replacement therapy is probably a safe option.
Researchers have identified a biomarker for measuring the success of lung cancer chemoprevention, using abnormal cell development (endobronchial dysplasia). The study found that measurements of endobronchial dysplasia can predict how well a chemoprevention agent is working in former smokers.
Researchers at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center developed two sets of gene expression profiles that predict response to erlotinib treatment for patients with no guiding indicators. The biomarkers, which cover 88% of patients without EGFR mutations, may have a broad impact on identifying patients who benefit from the drug.
A recent study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that soy isoflavones can sensitize cancer cells to radiation, increasing killing efficiency while protecting normal lung tissue from damage. Researchers used a soy mixture consisting of genistein, daidzein and glycitein to demonstrate this effect.
The new TNM 7 lung cancer staging system better predicts local or regional recurrence after surgery, according to a study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology. The updated system improved accuracy for predicting disease recurrence among patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
The annual report to the nation on cancer trends finds a slight decline in brain tumor incidence rates, with a notable increase in non-malignant tumors among adults. Non-malignant tumors were found to be twice as common as malignant tumors in this age group.
A new therapeutic target for lung cancer has been identified by researchers at Seoul National University. The variant of the protein AIMP2 is highly expressed in lung cancer cells and has been shown to compromise the tumor-suppressing activity of AIMP2, suggesting its potential as a new treatment option.
A large prospective study of black and white smokers found that mentholated cigarettes are associated with a lower lung cancer incidence and fewer lung cancer deaths than regular cigarettes. The researchers also found that menthol smokers reported smoking fewer cigarettes per day, but had similar quit rates as non-menthol smokers.
New research explores the role of microRNAs in understanding immunoregulation, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. MicroRNAs are also being investigated as therapeutic targets in cancer and potential biomarkers for various diseases.
Researchers identified two previously unreported resistance mechanisms and found that resistance-conferring mutations can disappear after treatment is discontinued. Repeat biopsies provide critical information for guiding treatment decisions.
A new oral drug intended to protect healthy tissue from radiation effects has been found safe for use in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. The agent, called manganese superoxide dismutase plasmid liposome, boosted antioxidant levels and reduced inflammation without protecting tumor cells.
Researchers found that MeSeCys killed more lung cancer cells than SeMet, which may explain conflicting results on selenium's health benefits. The study could provide insight into the chemopreventive properties of different selenium forms.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have identified a new mechanism driving lung cancer metastasis, involving the suppression of microRNA miR-200 by Jagged2. The study found that low levels of miR-200 may indicate susceptibility to Notch inhibitors currently in clinical trial.
Researchers have discovered that T cells from elite HIV controllers upregulate a protein called p21, which inhibits viral replication. This finding may inform the development of new treatments for patients susceptible to HIV's devastating effects. Meanwhile, two new studies shed light on pediatric brain tumors and lung cancer metastasis.
A new treatment strategy using chemotherapy drugs Erlotinib and Gefitinib has been found to be effective in treating a subset of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. The drugs, which target the EGFR mutation, produced a response rate of over 70% and had fewer side effects compared to traditional treatments.
A recent study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology has revealed that pemetrexed, an established chemotherapy drug, can produce significant responses in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment was found to be effective in over half of these patients, offering n...
A Australian researcher has been awarded a $4 million fellowship to continue her work on the origin of breast, ovarian and lung cancers. The research aims to understand the basic biology of epithelial organs and identify molecular pathways that go awry in these cancers.
A recent study discovered a blood protein linked to lung adenocarcinoma, which could serve as a diagnostic marker for the disease. Elevated levels of serum amyloid A (SAA) were found in patients with lung cancer, making it a promising target for developing drugs that stop cancer spread.
Small-screen detected lung cancers with maxSUV of 2.0 or smaller nodules than 10mm have low risk of nodal metastases, suggesting some patients can avoid invasive procedures. This reduces operating time and morbidity associated with lymph node dissection.
Researchers found that high levels of CYP24A1 enzyme can predict lung cancer survival, with patients having higher levels experiencing nearly half the survival rate as those with low levels. The study suggests using vitamin D to prevent or delay cancer recurrence after surgery.
Researchers suggest that quitting smoking suddenly may be an early symptom of lung cancer. A study found that 48% of patients with lung cancer had quit before diagnosis, most without noticing any symptoms.
A new phase III trial has shown that erlotinib has comparable efficacy to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients whose disease has progressed after first-line treatment. The study found no difference in overall survival or progression-free survival time between the two groups.
Researchers successfully localized single pulmonary nodules in all 19 patients using radio-guided surgery, detecting primary and secondary lung cancers. The technique took an average of 6 minutes to detect the nodule, with no complications during or after surgery.