Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
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A new study reveals dramatic differences in lung cancer death rates among women born between 1930s and 1970s in various US states. California shows a decline in lung cancer death rates, while many southern states experience an increase, highlighting the need for stronger tobacco control policies.
Researchers are enrolling patients to detect lung cancer through volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath. Early detection can significantly improve treatment options and survival rates.
The American Association for Thoracic Surgery task force recommends expanded lung cancer screening guidelines using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for high-risk individuals. The new guidelines increase the recommended age range to 79 and expand eligibility to smokers and former smokers with specific risk factors.
A study published by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer found that high-volume hospitals and thoracic surgeons have lower mortality rates compared to general surgeons. The researchers recommend a national audit program to evaluate institutions based on quality parameters, including hospital volume.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism that promotes lung cancer growth and survival by regulating autophagy, a complex process initiated under stressful conditions. The protein BI-1 was found to protect lung cancer cells and suppress tumor growth by modulating intracellular signals.
Researchers found that perioperative chemotherapy improved overall survival in patients with limited large cell neuroendocrine tumors or small-cell lung cancer after surgery. The study of 74 patients showed a significant difference in overall survival between those who received chemotherapy and those who did not.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy is an effective treatment option for elderly patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment did not negatively impact health-related quality of life, and functional and symptom outcomes remained stable after two years.
Researchers at UNC Health Care identify a key genetic switch that determines melanoma's ability to spread. Inactivating the LKB1 gene causes non-aggressive cells to become highly metastatic.
Researchers discovered that ADAM28 inhibits VWF-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells, leading to increased lung metastases. Inhibition of ADAM28 expression or activity significantly reduced lung metastases and increased cancer cell apoptosis.
LDK378 shows encouraging activity in patients with ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer, including those who no longer respond to crizotinib. The compound is well-tolerated and its optimal dose is being further tested.
A novel compound has shown significant benefits in patients with KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer, improving treatment response and survival times. The study's findings suggest a potential effective treatment for this common subtype of lung cancer.
Researchers created a new anti-cancer drug named BP-1-102 that targets the Stat3 protein, which triggers cancer development in various types. The drug remains effective even when administered orally, unlike most current treatments requiring intravenous injection.
A new study found that active tuberculosis is an independent predictor of lung cancer death in the elderly. The research analyzed data from 61,239 subjects aged 65 years or older and found a significant association between tuberculosis and lung cancer mortality.
A systematic review found that low-dose computerized tomography (LDCT) screening can reduce lung cancer mortality rates among high-risk individuals. The study analyzed 8 randomized controlled trials and 13 cohort studies, with the National Lung Screening Trial demonstrating a significant benefit. However, potential harms of LDCT screen...
Researchers found that tenasin-C gene expression and nodule size can predict lung cancer with improved accuracy. The study used bronchoscopic microsampling to collect fluid from lung nodules, showing promise for a less invasive diagnostic technique.
A recent study found VATS resection in CT-screened high-risk Danish population yielded higher incidence of early stage lung cancer. The study detected 68 lung cancers in the screened group versus 24 in the unscreened group, with 51 patients suitable for surgery and 84% undergoing VATS.
A recent study suggests a positive correlation between tumor size and chemotherapy efficacy in surgically resected patients with node-negative non-small cell lung cancer. The study found no clear threshold for tumor size that correlated with a benefit from chemotherapy.
A UNC-led team discovers that lung cancer molecular subtypes correlate with distinct genetic alterations and patient response to therapy. The study refines their previous report on three molecular subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, suggesting new avenues for targeted treatment.
Researchers combine a blood test with CT imaging to screen for cancer, aiming to detect early-stage lung cancers while reducing biopsies and operations. The trial may improve survival rates and reduce the toll of lung cancer on patients.
A study of over 20,000 older patients with non-small-cell lung cancer found that younger patients were more likely to receive treatment than their older counterparts. The research suggests that age alone is not a reliable indicator for cancer treatment decisions, and other health factors should be considered.
A study published in JNCI found a strong association between genetic variants rs1051730-rs16969968 and objective measures of tobacco exposure, indicating that lung cancer risk is largely mediated by level of tobacco exposure. The research used data from six independent studies to analyze self-reported cigarette consumption and plasma o...
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have identified a single gene, MMP-10, that promotes the development and spread of lung cancer. This discovery suggests that targeting this gene may be an effective way to treat non-small cell lung cancer.
A new analysis found that Hispanic lung cancer patients have a 15% lower risk of dying compared to white patients, with black patients slightly more likely to die. The study also identified higher frequencies of less serious lung cancer types in Hispanics, which may be linked to genetic or environmental factors.
Researchers present new methods for early lung cancer detection, including digital chest tomography and a blood test for BARD1 antibodies. These techniques have shown promising results in detecting lung cancer with high sensitivity and specificity.
A new analysis of the TORCH trial found that erlotinib is most effective in patients with EGFR mutations, while those with wild-type tumors should receive standard chemotherapy first. The study confirms the importance of biomarker testing to guide treatment decisions.
Researchers have identified potential biomarkers for personalized medicine in lung cancer, such as a test that predicts patient response to certain treatments. The findings suggest that these innovative approaches could lead to more effective treatment strategies for patients with lung cancer.
A 50-gene predictor has been found to accurately identify patients with low risk of relapse after surgery. The gene signature is related to the activity of B lymphocytes and suggests an enhanced immune response against the tumor.
A study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers found that adding bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer in patients over 65 did not significantly increase survival rates. The treatment approach was previously approved by the FDA but failed to show substantial benefits.
Researchers analyzed data from 4,168 Medicare beneficiaries with advanced non-small cell lung cancer aged 65 or older. They found no significant difference in overall survival between those treated with bevacizumab and those receiving standard chemotherapy alone. The study's findings suggest that bevacizumab should not be considered th...
Researchers analyzed four studies and found that regular follow-up reduces crisis-driven health episodes. While no preferred method was determined, the authors recommend guidelines for initial specialist appointments and protocol-driven follow-up led by a lung cancer clinical nurse specialist.
Researchers found that fine needle aspiration is highly sensitive for diagnosing lung cancer, but has a high rate of false negatives, especially in larger lesions. The study recommends repeat imaging to monitor for growth and suggests this method can help patients avoid unnecessary surgery.
A recent study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology reveals that Japanese patients with lung cancer are more likely to harbor specific genetic mutations and have a different risk profile compared to Western patients. The research highlights the importance of considering genetic factors in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Three noteworthy studies were presented, including a study on KRAS in non-small cell lung cancer patients and another on dacomitinib's favorable clinical benefits. Additionally, researchers validated the role of tumor lymphocytic infiltration as a favorable prognostic factor for resectable non-small cell lung cancer.
A new study by Rush University Medical Center found that lung cancer screening with low-dose spiral CT scans can detect early-stage disease and reduce cancer-related deaths. The study estimates that commercial insurers should consider providing this benefit to high-risk individuals, which could lead to significant cost savings.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that men taking crizotinib for lung cancer experience a significant drop in testosterone levels, which can lead to fatigue, low bone density, and decreased sex drive. Regular monitoring and treatment of testosterone deficiency can improve patients' overall quality of life.
A phase II clinical trial showed encouraging survival in patients with stage 3B/4 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with belagenpumatucel-L. The median survival rate was 14.5 months, and the five-year survival rate was 20%. Patients with stable disease had a longer median survival of 44 months.
Scientists at Fox Chase Cancer Center discovered a link between estrogen and tobacco smoke, suggesting that new therapies targeting estrogen metabolism may help prevent or treat lung cancer. Estrogen metabolites increase in the lungs of mice exposed to tobacco smoke, promoting cell growth and damage.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that 38% of lung cancer patients suffer from depression, with greater stigma levels related to higher depressive symptoms. Psychotherapeutic approaches may help alleviate or prevent depression by altering perceptions of stigma.
Researchers found that adding RNAi to standard TKI or antibody therapy can enhance the effect of therapy on NSCLC cell death and slow cell growth. The treatment may benefit patients with EGFR mutations who do not respond to TKI, or those whose cancer is driven by overactive EGFR production.
A recent study published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology suggests that CYFRA21-1 levels can reliably indicate patient response to chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Higher baseline concentrations were linked to poorer overall and failure-free survival. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
A recent study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology suggests that pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) is a superior approach to extrapleural pnemonectomy (EPP) for patients with early-stage malignant pleural mesothelioma. P/D resulted in significantly better survival rates and lower mortality and morbidity compared to EPP.
Research reveals that BRG1 gene mutations render tumor cells unresponsive to hormones like retinoic acid and steroids, leading to continued growth and spreading.
A panel of 10 serum protein biomarkers shows promise in predicting lung cancer risk and aiding early detection. Research suggests that these biomarkers could reduce the number of unnecessary lung biopsies needed, offering a more targeted approach to diagnosis.
A study led by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center found that US tobacco-control efforts significantly reduced lung cancer deaths between 1975 and 2000. The researchers estimated that if all smokers had quit after the 1964 Surgeon General's report, an additional 2.5 million people would not have died from lung cancer.
Between 1975-2000, US lung cancer mortality declined significantly due to reduced smoking rates. Tobacco control measures such as increased taxes and smoke-free laws contributed to this decrease.
An NIH study found that tobacco control programs and policies have prevented over 795,000 lung cancer deaths in the US from 1975 through 2000. Further reductions are possible with continued and enhanced efforts.
Researchers identified ways to reduce costs of molecular profiling and targeted therapies, enabling more patients to benefit from personalized treatments. The methods include recommending testing only for high-risk patients and merging tests to lower combined prices.
A cohort study and nested case-control study found a statistically significantly increased risk of lung cancer with increasing diesel exhaust exposure among workers and urban populations. Studies suggest stringent occupational and environmental standards are necessary to reduce the health burden of carcinogenic diesel exhaust.
New research highlights the importance of nurses in alleviating concerns and existential issues in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. Nurses can provide supportive care, address death-related concerns, and help patients locate resources to manage end-of-life affairs.
Breast cancer death rates are declining across the EU, with a predicted drop of 9% for women and 13% among young women. Pancreatic cancer deaths are rising, but overall cancer mortality rates are falling due to advancements in treatment and prevention.
Researchers discovered that manipulating two biochemical signals regulating mitochondria in cells can shrink human lung cancers in mice. By boosting fusion signal or blocking fission, they reduced cell division and increased cell death.
Lung cancer patients face geographic challenges to access clinical trials due to molecular preselection. Researchers propose using online patient communities and innovative trial approaches to inform patients about trials, accelerate research, and address practical challenges in conducting personalized medicine trials.
A new study published in CANCER found that many older lung cancer patients receive radiation therapy without extending their lifespan. Researchers analyzed data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare registry to determine if additional radiation therapy after surgery improves survival rates.
Researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine found that post-operative radiation therapy does not prolong life in older adults with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The study analyzed data from over 1,300 patients and found no significant improvement in one-year or three-year survival rates.
IKBKE is induced by tobacco carcinogens and mediates tobacco action in promoting lung cancer cell survival. Knocking down IKBKE sensitizes cells to chemotherapy, suggesting a therapeutic role for targeting this pathway.
Different subgroups of non-small cell lung cancer exhibit distinct patterns of spread in the body, suggesting fundamentally different diseases. Targeted therapies have shown dramatic clinical responses in patients with ALK positive NSCLC, offering new hope for treatment.
A recent study found that the STAT3 gene is activated in some non-small cell lung cancer cell lines by the JAK2 protein, which may not be effectively inhibited by drugs targeting specific mutations. This suggests a potential role for combination therapy to combat NSCLC driven by STAT3-JAK2 signaling.
Researchers developed a highly sensitive blood test for detecting and analyzing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in cancer patients. The 'biopsy in a blood test' provides information comparable to surgical biopsies, enabling better monitoring, prediction, and understanding of cancer progression.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have defined a new genetic subtype of lung cancer driven by ROS1 gene rearrangements. Crizotinib treatment has shown promising results in controlling tumors in patients with this subtype, offering a new therapeutic option.
A new molecular test can predict the likelihood of death from early-stage lung cancer with greater accuracy than traditional methods. The test, which measures gene activity in cancerous tissue, has been shown to improve prognosis and guide treatment decisions for patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.