Articles tagged with Helper T Cells
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A new study identifies thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) as a molecule that directs immune cells to develop an allergic response. The signaling molecule is involved in the development of allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis and food allergy.
Newborns are susceptible to diseases due to an imbalance of white blood cells. Researchers have identified a depleted group of T-helper cells and aim to create an immune-strengthening vaccine.
The center will study autoimmune diseases, with a focus on multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus, aiming to find new treatments by understanding the immune response mechanisms.
Researchers found that the nervous system controls regulatory T cells, which help end an immune response, and that breaking this link can lead to new treatments for autoimmune diseases like lupus and arthritis. The study shows that stress from everyday events like seeing family around the holidays can negatively affect the immune system.
Researchers from the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that Th17 cells can awaken the immune system to fight cancer. In preclinical studies, mice with normal levels of Th17 showed suppressed tumor growth in lung metastatic melanoma tumors, while those without Th17 experienced aggressive cancer growth.
New evidence suggests that a select few beneficial bacteria, such as segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), can induce accumulation of a highly specific branch of the immune system. SFB stimulate particular types of helper T cells, known as Th17 cells, which are involved in autoimmune diseases like Crohn's disease and psoriasis.
Researchers have discovered a unique bacterial species that can stimulate specialized immune cells in mice, potentially providing insights into human gut-dwelling microbes. This finding could lead to new understanding of how beneficial bacteria protect against pathogenic invaders.
Researchers found that high Treg levels protect against severe West Nile virus disease in humans and mice. Tregs suppress the function of other immune cells, preventing lethal infection.
A novel method for imperfectly matched stem cell transplants has shown a striking response that can suppress graft-versus-host disease. The technique, known as co-stimulatory blockade, unleashes a surge of regulatory T-cells that dampen the immune reaction.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a distinct set of white blood cells called regulatory T cells that play a crucial role in wound repair after serious lung injury. The study found that these cells can be sped up or slowed down, either aiding or hindering healing in severely damaged lung tissue.
A recent study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine shows that IL-9 promotes a multiple sclerosis-like disease in mice. The research suggests that IL-9 production may be linked to the presence of TGF-beta rather than a specific Th cell subset, contradicting the theory of a unique 'Th9' cell subset.
Scientists at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that the Bcl6 gene plays a crucial role in differentiating naive T cells into helper T cells, which then fuel rapid growth and diversification of antibodies in germinal centers. This process is essential for the adaptive immune system to produce effectiv...
Researchers identified a gene that allows immune cells to start self-destructive processes underlying autoimmune diseases. The study found that the presence of the Batf gene enables T cells to produce inflammatory Th17 cells, which can lead to autoimmune conditions.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute have discovered the specific gene that triggers antibody production, a key step in mounting an immune response against viruses and pathogens. The finding has significant implications for developing new and more effective vaccines.
Researchers have identified a potential tumor suppressor gene, CST5, that mediates the anticancer effects of vitamin D3 in human colon cancer cells. The study found that cystatin D protein inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells and was induced by vitamin D3, suggesting its role as a candidate tumor suppressor gene.
Scientists have identified a molecular factor called GARP that plays an essential role in regulatory T cell function. By artificially inserting GARP into transplants, researchers were able to convert immune-reactive T cells into regulatory T cells, which inhibit organ rejection.
Researchers found that regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) can ameliorate hypertension-induced cardiac damage in mice by reducing inflammation, fibrosis, and abnormal heart rhythms. The study provides insight into the role of the immune system in organ damage during hypertension.
Researchers discover halofuginone, a compound from traditional Chinese medicine, inhibits Th17 cells and reduces disease pathology in mouse model of autoimmunity. Halofuginone may offer a new treatment option for autoimmune disorders with potential for oral administration.
RGI-2001 demonstrates enhanced efficacy in skin transplantation and acute Graft-versus-Host disease when combined with low-dose Sirolimus. The combination treatment prolongs graft survival and reduces GvHD mortality, indicating potential as a tolerance induction regimen.
Dr. Casey Weaver receives the HudsonAlpha Prize for his groundbreaking work on T cell studies and immune disease. His research has identified a new class of T cells, called Th17 cells, linked to autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.
A subset of immune cells has been found to contribute to the development of severe malaria by suppressing the immune system and allowing parasites to grow uncontrollably. This discovery could lead to new drug targets and immunotherapies against malaria, as well as insights into other inflammatory diseases.
Researchers at Heidelberg University Hospital have shown that certain immune cells in the blood inhibit inflammation after a stroke. Regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) play a key role in this protection and may offer a new approach to stroke therapy.
A study has discovered two distinct molecular pathways controlling Treg cell formation, which could lead to new treatments for autoimmune disorders and chronic infections. The research suggests that bypassing a molecular breakdown triggering autoimmunity may be possible through the peripheral lymphoid system.
Researchers have identified two distinct molecular pathways that control the formation of regulatory T cells (Treg), which are vital in limiting undesirable immune responses. The study shows that if a gene called Carma1 isn't expressed normally, Treg development is impaired in the thymus, but alternative pathways can compensate.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have discovered that TH17 cells, a subset of immune cells, can cause transplant rejection. The study's findings may lead to the development of targeted therapies to prevent graft-versus-host disease, which is a major complication of transplants.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine reveals that Treg cells limit brain damage after a stroke by blocking neurotoxin production and modulating lymphocyte and microglia action. This discovery offers potential treatments for preserving crucial functions and treating other types of brain damage.
A study published in Clinical Immunology describes a new method to induce regulatory T cells, which show great potential for treating autoimmune diseases and improving transplant outcomes. The method uses an inexpensive and simple high-yield approach to generate large amounts of these immune suppressive cells.
A new NYU study reveals that specific types of bacteria in the intestine trigger the generation of pro-inflammatory immune cells, which could lead to novel treatments for inflammatory bowel disease and other diseases. The finding adds to research showing that gut flora have a significant impact on human health.
Researchers found that SREBP-2 induces expression of type 2 taste receptors in cultured mouse intestinal cells and enhances T2R-induced secretion of cholecystokinin. This mechanism may inform the gut about food-borne toxins and initiate a response to limit their absorption.
Researchers investigate role of GSK-3 proteins in mouse embryonic heart development and find that mice lacking GSK-3-beta exhibit hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Additionally, studies show PTEN protein modification leads to T-ALL cell viability, while HDAC3 plays a crucial role in maintaining heart function.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health identified a class of custom-made immune cells called regulatory T cells that prevent allergic reactions by recognizing potential allergens. These cells are produced in response to a gene called Foxp3 and help control damage from long-term inflammation.
A study found that babies born by cesarean section showed a reduction in the suppressive function of their regulatory T-cells. This could be an important factor influencing immune system development in the neonate. Further research is needed to explore potential mechanisms.
A study of farming mothers and their children found that those exposed to farms had higher functioning regulatory T cells, which can suppress immune responses. This increase was strongest among babies born to mothers who spent time on farms or drank farm milk, suggesting a potential preventive strategy against allergic diseases.
Activating OX40 protein in mice eliminates existing tumors and prevents new ones from forming, suggesting its potential as an anti-cancer therapy. The approach may mitigate the risk of autoimmune disease, as the mice showed no signs of autoimmunity.
Job's syndrome sufferers lack Th17 cells, a type of infection-fighting white blood cell, leading to recurrent and severe infections. The study reveals the importance of Th17 cells in protecting against Staphylococcus bacteria and certain fungal infections.
Researchers at USC have identified A20 as an antigen presentation attenuator that prevents excessive inflammation of dendritic cells. By inhibiting A20, they found a new way to overcome regulatory T cell-mediated suppression and trigger strong antitumor immunity.
Scientists at Mayo Clinic and VBI aim to understand how environmental fungus Alternaria triggers airway inflammation and bronchial asthma. They plan to develop specific therapies and prevention strategies by studying the role of fungal enzymes in innate immune responses.
A recent study suggests that impaired CD4+Treg cells may contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes. Dr. Ciriaco Piccirillo's research indicates that these cells' regulatory function is compromised in patients with type 1 diabetes, allowing misprogrammed T lymphocytes to attack insulin-producing cells.
Researchers at Imperial College London have discovered a mechanism that prevents the immune system from regulating itself properly, leading to allergic reactions. The new finding highlights the importance of regulatory T-cells in maintaining immune tolerance.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered a new signaling molecule IL-35 that prevents immune responses from running amok. The finding could lead to the development of new treatments for cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory diseases.
Researchers found that a high-fat diet decreases regulatory T cells in the liver, leading to inflammation and increased susceptibility to liver injury. Switching to a normal diet reverses this effect.
Researchers report that Tregs respond stronger to foreign substances than their own body proteins, contrary to the long-held scientific belief. This finding has implications for emerging therapies targeting autoimmune diseases.
Research published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation shows that tumors use the enzyme IDO to directly activate existing regulatory T cells, which become strongly suppressive within a day. This discovery defines a tumor's survival strategy and suggests potential new leverage points for therapies.
Researchers found that Langerhans cell histiocytosis is associated with the expansion of regulatory T cells, driven by cell survival rather than uncontrolled proliferation. This discovery provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of the disease.
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists have identified a protein that prevents the body's immune system from recognizing and attacking Hodgkin lymphoma cells. They are now investigating targeted therapies to disable this molecular 'bodyguard' and boost a patient's ability to fight the blood cancer.
A study of 1835 antiretroviral-naive patients found that those with suppressed HIV viral loads could see significant increases in CD4 cell counts over time, even after five years on treatment. Patients with low initial CD4 counts showed substantial rises in counts.
Researchers have identified a set of genes controlled by Foxp3 that lie at the core of autoimmune disease. The discovery provides an initial map of regulatory T cell circuitry and may help develop new methods for manipulating immune system activity.
Researchers found that regulatory T cells (Treg) are impaired in the absence of WASp, leading to systemic autoimmune disease. However, a spontaneous revertant mutation in a patient's Treg cells improved their function, suggesting that a defect in Treg function contributes to the autoimmunity associated with WASp deficiency.
Researchers found that WASP protein is crucial for regulatory T cells to regulate autoimmunity and prevent tissue damage. In humans, a population of T cells known as regulatory T cells (Treg) are impaired without WASp, leading to autoimmune disease.
A new study reveals that autophagy, a cellular process, enhances vaccine effectiveness by presenting antigens on MHC class II molecules to helper T cells. This process is more widespread than previously thought, affecting 50-80% of certain immune cells.
Researchers found that manipulating proteins in the immune system could lead to new treatments for asthma, which shares similarities with parasitic infections. The study's findings suggest that targeting specific cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-13, may help prevent lung damage in asthmatic patients.
A phase II trial of the drug denileukin diftitox found that it depletes regulatory T cells, allowing CD8+ T lymphocytes to attack melanoma cells. Patients with stage IV disease experienced significant regression or stabilization of tumors and metastases.
The study found that only 4-6% of a patient's CD4 cell loss rate can be explained by their presenting viral load, shifting the paradigm in predicting disease progression. The results suggest more complex scenarios of disease progression and hint at indirect processes through which HIV induces immune system damage.
Research suggests that HIV RNA levels have limited value in predicting CD4 cell count decrease and may not be a reliable marker for disease progression. The study found that only 4-6% of the rate of CD4 cell decline can be explained by presenting plasma HIV RNA level.
HIV-positive patients with low CD4 cell counts face increased risk of malaria treatment failure, highlighting the need for tailored treatments to address immune suppression. The study emphasizes the importance of combining antimalarial and antiretroviral therapies to maximize effects on both diseases.
Researchers found that estrens improved bone strength in mice with osteoporosis but also had adverse effects on reproductive organs and human breast cancer cells. This study suggests caution is needed for the development of estrens as a treatment for osteoporosis.
Researchers from U of Penn found that IL-27 inhibits immune system cells responsible for various inflammatory-related diseases. Restoring IL-27's abilities may halt inflammation and treat autoimmune diseases.
Researchers discovered that phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) regulates the proliferative capabilities of naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ Tregs but not their suppressive function. This finding provides a potential solution to harnessing the therapeutic potential of Tregs in autoimmune diseases.
Researchers identified PTEN as a key regulator of Treg responsiveness to IL-2, enabling their proliferation and maintaining suppressive function. This discovery could provide a way to overcome the major challenge of harnessing Tregs for autoimmune disease treatment.
In a study, researchers found that modulation of Ras activity is not the only function of neurofibromin, suggesting alternative therapeutic approaches for Neurofibromatosis type I disease. Interferon-gamma also plays a critical role in maintaining immune response balance by inducing Foxp3 and converting T cells.