Articles tagged with Eosinophils
Research highlights the dual role of eosinophils in cancer, with higher counts associated with reduced risk and improved treatment response to immunotherapy. The immune-activating effects of eosinophils may help predict treatment outcomes and anticipate complications.
Researchers found that eosinophils suppress chordoma growth and induce cell death in tumor cells, suggesting them as a novel immunotherapeutic target. The study's findings provide new insight into the immune mechanisms underlying chordoma progression.
A new study shows that eosinophils, typically linked to allergies, play a protective role against Candida infections by recognizing the fungus and releasing proteins that stop its growth. This discovery opens the door to new therapies that could strengthen natural defenses against life-threatening fungal infections.
Researchers have successfully modeled a treatment-resistant form of asthma in mice, shedding light on the role of CD4+T resident memory cells and MHC-II molecules in lung inflammation. The study's findings may lead to new treatments for this severe and debilitating condition.
Researchers investigate how sex-specific immune responses affect disease outcomes in obesity and helminth infections, aiming to develop new treatments for metabolic disorders and parasitic infections. The study focuses on macrophage-eosinophil interactions and the role of RELMalpha protein.
Researchers developed a gene therapy approach to treat chronic hypereosinophilia by delivering an anti-human eosinophil antibody via AAV-based gene therapy. The therapy successfully suppressed blood eosinophil levels in mice, showing promise as a potential treatment for the condition.
A new study found that patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, or food allergies have a higher risk of developing EoE. Food allergy had the highest risk, with a hazard ratio of 6.31 compared to those without any of these conditions.
A new index uses inflammatory cell proportions to predict tissue healing and outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis. The index, called the inflammatory cell enumeration index (ICEI), was developed by analyzing data from 220 patients who achieved healing.
A large-scale study confirms the rising incidence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in Japan, with a significant increase in cases between 2005 and 2022. The study found an incidence rate of 2.82 per 100,000 person-years and a prevalence rate of 10.68 per 100,000 people.
Two studies published in The New England Journal of Medicine show mixed results in treating EoE. Dupilumab is found to be effective in children under 12, while benralizumab fails to provide significant relief for patients. These findings challenge the long-held assumption that eosinophils are the primary cause of the disease.
Recent studies have provided a better understanding of the origin of eosinophils and eosinophilia, as well as the effects of treatments targeting them. Researchers found that IL-5 slows down maturation of developing eosinophils, promoting their multiplication and increasing eosinophilia.
Researchers report that dupilumab substantially decreases exacerbation frequency and improves lung function as well as symptom burden in COPD patients with type 2 inflammation. The study's findings are promising for these patients, who have a high risk of exacerbations.
Researchers found benralizumab comparable to mepolizumab in inducing remission and reducing relapse in EGPA patients. The study also showed benralizumab reduces need for oral glucocorticoids and lowers blood eosinophil counts.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is triggered by food allergies or airborne allergens, causing inflammation and damage to the esophagus. A new study found that inhibiting the NLRP3 pathway and releasing Interleukin-18 prevents EoE development.
Researchers at UC Riverside discovered that female mice secrete more RELMalpha, an immune protein, which protects them against obesity and inflammation. In contrast, male mice have lower levels of RELMalpha, leading to increased inflammation and obesity.
COPD patients treated with dupilumab experienced rapid and sustained improvements in disease, as measured by reduced acute exacerbations, better lung function, and improved quality of life. This is the first biologic to show clinical outcomes improvement in COPD.
A clinical trial found that benralizumab effectively depleted eosinophils, but it did not alleviate symptoms or improve gut tissue health in patients with eosinophilic gastritis. The study's findings suggest a new therapeutic target for eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases and highlight the need to reconsider remission definitions.
A new study found that eliminating animal milk alone from the diet of adults with eosinophilic esophagitis is just as effective as eliminating six common foods, including animal milk, eggs, wheat, soy, fish, and nuts. The one-food elimination diet may be a more manageable option for people with EoE.
A Brazilian study found that a strain of brewer's yeast can act as a preventive against asthma in male mice. Daily administration of the probiotic at a dose of 10 billion CFU/mL significantly reduced bronchial hypersensitivity and inflammation. However, airway and lung inflammation was not significantly reduced by lower doses.
Dupilumab, an FDA-approved medication, offers new hope for patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, a rising condition in the US. The treatment reduces eosinophil counts and improves symptoms of dysphagia, leading to better endoscopic healing and histologic severity improvements.
A type of dietary fiber called inulin alters gut bacteria metabolism, triggering type 2 inflammation in the gut and lungs. Inulin boosts Treg cells but also induces higher levels of eosinophils, a classic sign of type 2 inflammation.
A monoclonal antibody, mepolizumab, decreased asthma attacks in Black and Hispanic children and adolescents living in low-income urban neighborhoods. The study identified three networks of genes associated with airway inflammation and asthma attacks that were reduced by the drug.
Researchers have discovered a new type of skin cell, TIFFs, that may play a role in inflammatory skin diseases such as scleroderma. These cells were found to interact with immune cells and expand in response to inflammation, leading to an exaggerated response and fibrosis.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden found that COVID-19 disease severity is linked to the characteristics of white blood cells called granulocytes. Combined measurements of granulocyte characteristics and widely used biomarkers can predict key clinical features such as respiratory function and multiorgan failure.
Eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in destroying malignant tumors by recruiting T-cells and releasing destructive proteins. The study, published in Cancer Research, reveals that eosinophils combat cancer effectively but require the help of T-cells to do so.
The study found that patients with low risk of exacerbations do not benefit from low to moderate dose inhaled corticosteroids, while high doses are associated with severe side effects. Tailoring treatment according to patient characteristics, such as age and blood cell count, can minimize over- and underuse of inhaled corticosteroids.
Researchers at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital found that eosinophils modify the respiratory barrier during influenza A infection, helping to protect the airway. The study also suggests a potential antiviral role for eosinophils in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infections.
Scientists at the University of Bonn have identified a mechanism by which the immune system attacks filarial larvae, releasing DNA that forms a web around the larvae and traps them. The Dectin-1 receptor plays a key role in triggering this process, known as ETosis.
The FDA has approved Nucala for use in treating patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome, a life-threatening group of blood disorders. The drug reduces disease flares and improves health without substantial side effects.
Researchers found that influenza A virus (IAV) infection leads to changes in eosinophil surface markers, antigen presentation, and survival. Eosinophils play an active role in resolving viral infections by recognizing IAV antigens and inducing epigenetic changes in CD8+ T-cells.
A simple laboratory test, the eosinophil count from a routine complete blood cell count (CBC), can aid in early diagnosis and provide prognostic information for COVID-19 patients. Persistent low counts correlated with poor prognosis and high disease severity.
Researchers found that certain immune cells in belly fat can reverse age-related impairments and chronic low-grade inflammation. This therapy promotes rejuvenation and improves physical fitness and vaccination responses in aged animals.
A new study published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology found that semaphorin protein contributes to allergic reactions and development of nasal polyps in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Elevated levels of semaphorin protein were associated with disease severity.
Researchers at TalTech have identified a new receptor, P2X4, in human eosinophils that plays a key role in the communication between the immune system and nervous system. The discovery has implications for understanding multiple sclerosis and cancerous lesions.
A recent study of nearly 300 patients with mild persistent asthma found that inhaled steroids were no more effective than placebo in nearly three-fourths of the study patients. However, for those with high levels of eosinophils, inhaled steroids were better than placebo, suggesting a potential new approach to targeting specific therapies.
A small NIH clinical trial found benralizumab, a FDA-approved asthma medication, improves HES symptoms with low side effects. The study showed significant reduction in eosinophils and HES-related symptoms, allowing some participants to taper off other therapies.
Researchers discover that eosinophils, previously associated with allergies and asthma, can kill colon cancer cells. The study found a clear correlation between the number of eosinophils in tumors and disease severity, suggesting these white blood cells may play a role in cancer treatment.
Researchers have discovered a marker that can help identify patients with severe asthma who are likely to respond well to new treatments. The marker targets inflammatory cells called eosinophils, which play a key role in the condition.
Researchers at OHSU used 3D imaging to investigate airway nerves in asthma. They found that denser nerves are associated with more severe symptoms and increased eosinophils. This new insight could lead to better treatments for asthma.
Researchers found that elevated blood eosinophil and neutrophil concentrations were associated with accelerated lung function decline and airflow obstruction. These biomarkers may serve as an early warning system for 9/11 firefighters at risk of developing severe lung problems.
A new antibody treatment has been shown to reduce the rate of exacerbations by nearly 20% in patients with a subgroup of treatment-resistant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study found that patients with high eosinophil counts benefited more from the treatment, indicating a potential biomarker for the disease.
Researchers at The University of Manchester found that eosinophils, a type of immune cell, play a crucial role in maintaining healthy blood vessels by reducing artery contraction. In obesity, these cells are reduced, leading to impaired PVAT function and contributing to type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Researchers found that eosinophils play a key role in the progression of heart muscle inflammation to heart failure in mice. The study suggests that eosinophils may be responsible for the deterioration of heart muscle function, even in the absence of severe inflammation.
A year's course of benralizumab injections significantly decrease asthma exacerbation rates, improving lung function and total asthma score. The treatment also shows promise for reducing hospitalization risks among those with severe uncontrolled asthma.
A new strain of C. difficile is killing up to 15% of infected patients due to its potent toxin that destroys protective cells, leading to increased inflammation. Researchers suggest blocking the toxin could lead to a new treatment to stop this deadly strain.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found a link between rising eosinophil levels and regrowth of nasal polyps in chronic sinus disease patients. The study suggests that monitoring eosinophils could aid in detecting early growth and tracking treatment effectiveness.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified elevated levels of eosinophil progenitor cells in the blood of pediatric patients with active EoE disease. This finding suggests a potential non-invasive biomarker for monitoring disease activity and reducing discomfort, costs, and side effects for patients.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine have identified new asthma biomarkers in blood that can predict asthma with 91% accuracy. The discovery may lead to the development of a diagnostic blood test and more targeted treatments for asthma.
A new NIH study has identified the protein calpain 14 as a possible cause of tissue damage in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. The researchers found that calpain 14 regulates another protein, desmoglein 1, which is critical for maintaining the integrity of esophageal tissue.
Researchers discovered MIF, a molecule involved in EoE, which can be targeted for therapy. The study suggests a novel approach to treating this hard-to-treat food allergy, offering hope for patients with difficulty swallowing.
Researchers have discovered a stress pathway in immune cells that play a role in certain forms of asthma. The IRE1α/XBP1 pathway helps eosinophils, a type of immune cell implicated in asthma, develop and survive. This finding suggests a potential new therapeutic target for treating asthma.
Researchers have confirmed that eosinophils release special agents attracting immune system's professional killers into cancer tissue, leading to improved cancer rejection and increased survival rates in mice. Eosinophils also normalize blood vessels in the tumor, contributing to tumor rejection.
Researchers have identified a validated tool to measure symptoms and impact in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a severe food allergy. The Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Score (PEESS) v2.0 questionnaire corresponded with clinical and biologic features of EoE, suggesting that eosinophil activity and mast cells contribute to d...
A new investigational drug, reslizumab, has been shown to reduce asthma attacks in patients who have difficulty controlling the disorder with standard medications. The study found that patients treated with reslizumab were at least 50% less likely to experience severe asthma exacerbations.
A randomized trial of 101 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease found that benralizumab had no effect on acute exacerbation rates. However, subgroup analyses indicate the need for further investigation into the use of benralizumab in patients with COPD and eosinophilia.
A study published by the American Thoracic Society found that elevated blood eosinophil levels are a risk factor for asthma exacerbations in adults. The study analyzed data from over 2,300 patients and found that higher baseline eosinophil levels were associated with an increased risk of future exacerbations.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered a powerful mechanism that regulates the lifecycle of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell involved in allergies and autoimmune diseases. By targeting a specific receptor, scientists may be able to develop new treatments for eosinophilic disorders like asthma.
Researchers have identified a new pathway that kills eosinophils before they can cause harm. The study found that targeting this pathway could lead to new therapies for devastating eosinophilic disorders.
The University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine has uncovered the role of ORMDL3 in asthma, linking it to inflammatory cell recruitment and airway inflammation. The study found that silencing or over-expressing ORMDL3 in eosinophils reduces inflammation by decreasing integrin expression.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered a link between meal times and daily changes in the immune system. Eosinophils, previously thought to fight parasitic diseases, may actually help invaders, according to the study. This discovery could lead to new strategies for fighting chronic parasitic infection and allergies.