Researchers discovered a step-by-step process underlying SPD-5 activation, which regulates where and when spindle fibers form in C. elegans. This finding provides insights into the fundamentals of cell division regulation and may lead to new treatments for diseases caused by incorrect chromosome segregation.
SourceOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 27, 2026
Researchers at the Flatiron Institute and their collaborators applied an active liquid crystal theory to understand how chromosomes are separated during cell division. The study found that the theory largely succeeds in predicting how spindles self-organize, using a combination of light microscopy and electron microscopy data.
SourceSimons Foundation·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 11, 2026
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Researchers at UC San Francisco found that spindle fibers can repair themselves as they pull on DNA, ensuring accurate chromosome division. This self-repair mechanism replaces weak links with stronger ones, preventing errors that could lead to cancer or birth defects.
SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·JournalCurrent Biology·DateJan 26, 2026
A new study reveals how Aurora A ensures smooth dissolution of spindle poles during cell division, allowing the genome to be properly encased in new nuclei. The team identified specific regions and amino acids in NuMA that drive its shift between dynamic and solid states.
SourceIndian Institute of Science (IISc)·JournalThe EMBO Journal·DateSep 23, 2025
Human oocytes mature without centrosomes, relying on microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) to assemble spindles. Researchers reveal key factors required for MTOCs maturation and its importance in oocyte development and fertility.
SourceScience China Press·JournalScience Bulletin·DateAug 14, 2025
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The study reveals that centromeric R-loops play a critical role in ensuring chromosome alignment during oocyte meiotic divisions. Disruption of R-loop homeostasis leads to spindle assembly defects and chromosomal misalignment, highlighting the importance of R-loops in maintaining genomic stability.
SourceScience China Press·JournalScience Bulletin·DateApr 18, 2025
A study published in PLOS ONE suggests that 12,000-year-old stones from Israel may have been used as spindle whorls to turn fibers into yarn, representing a key milestone in the development of rotational tools including wheels. The stones feature a circular shape with a central hole, allowing them to rotate faster and more efficiently.
SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateNov 13, 2024
Researchers at MPI unveiled PLK1's crucial role in replenishing CENP-A proteins per centromere, a process critical for cell division. PLK1 initiates a cascade of events by binding to specific machinery components and inducing phosphorylation changes.
SourceMax Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 7, 2024
The study investigates the anticancer potential of CLK kinase inhibitors 1C8 and GPS167, which inhibit CLOCK kinases and affect cancer cell proliferation. The compounds also alter the expression and alternative splicing of transcripts involved in EMT and antiviral immune response.
SourceImpact Journals LLC·JournalOncotarget·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 20, 2024
Researchers used medaka fish, CRISPR and new imaging techniques to study embryonic mitosis. They discovered unique spindles assemble in early embryos and found Ran-GTP plays a decisive role in spindle formation, which diminishes later in development. The study paves the way for further exploration of embryonic mitosis.
SourceOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University·JournalNature Communications·TypeImaging analysis·DateApr 24, 2024
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Researchers found Mad2 gene expression levels correlate with chromosomal abnormalities in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, highlighting potential as a clinical biomarker. The study also revealed the deregulation of the Rb-E2F1 circuit and its impact on histone modifications.
SourceImpact Journals LLC·JournalOncotarget·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 12, 2024
For the first time, scientists have visualized the process of microtubule formation in human cells at an atomic scale. The study reveals how microtubules are triggered to form during cell division, providing new insights into their role in cellular biology and potential therapeutic applications.
SourceCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO)·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 1, 2024
The study reveals that CENP-E binds to protein complexes, forming a scaffold for the fibrous corona's development. This discovery sheds light on errors during cell division and could contribute to cancer treatment strategies.
SourceHubrecht Institute·JournalJournal of Cell Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 7, 2023
The Gerlich Group at IMBA found that histone acetylation establishes a sharp surface boundary on chromosomes, resisting microtubule perforation. Chromatin phase separation and DNA looping by condensin cooperates to build mitotic chromosomes with unique physical properties.
SourceIMBA- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 3, 2022
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Researchers have deciphered the structure of the kinetochore corona, a complex protein assembly that plays a pivotal role in chromosome segregation. The study, published in The EMBO Journal, provides new insights into how this critical process is regulated and offers a framework for future studies on cell division.
SourceMax Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology·JournalThe EMBO Journal·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 8, 2022
A research team discovered that human eggs are missing the protein KIFC1, which acts as a molecular motor to stabilize spindle poles during cell division. This finding opens up new avenues for therapeutic approaches to reduce chromosome segregation errors in human eggs.
SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalScience·TypeMeta-analysis·DateFeb 13, 2022
Researchers at Ruđer Bošković Institute discovered the exact molecular mechanism of bridging microtubules sliding and its role in proper distribution of genetic material during cell division. The study found that two mechanistically distinct sliding modules powered by kinesin motor proteins drive spindle elongation.
SourceRuđer Bošković Institute·JournalDevelopmental Cell·DateJun 15, 2021
Researchers aim to understand the biological and physical underpinnings of mitosis, exploring how cells build, dissolve, and reuse structures millions of times per day. They will use physics concepts to analyze spindle fibers and develop a new model for their dynamic self-organization.
Researchers from Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München have identified a signaling pathway that restricts cleavage furrow formation to the mid-plane of the cell. This pathway involves the enzyme Aurora A, which is activated on astral microtubules and diffuses to the cell membrane at the poles to suppress contractile ring formation.
SourceLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München·JournalJournal of Cell Biology·DateJan 11, 2018
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Researchers explore why human oocytes frequently have abnormal numbers of chromosomes, which can cause genetic disorders such as Down syndrome. Studies found that age-related deterioration of chromosome structure contributes to these errors.
SourceCell Press·JournalTrends in Cell Biology·DateOct 20, 2016
Scientists at Rockefeller University uncover new insights into mechanical forces governing mitotic spindle formation. They describe how kinesin-5 acts as a molecular motor to organize the spindle, generating forces that tune its balance. This research has medical implications for cancer therapies and understanding cell division.
SourceRockefeller University·JournalDevelopmental Cell·DateOct 2, 2015
Researchers uncover the crucial function of a protein called BuGZ in assembling the spindle matrix and microtubules during mitosis. The discovery could lead to new insights into cancer and other diseases caused by errors in cell division.
SourceCarnegie Institution for Science·JournalCell·DateSep 17, 2015
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Scientists have discovered where microtubules form inside the mitotic spindle and how their starting points are transported to opposite poles. This breakthrough provides a better understanding of cell division and paves the way for more effective cancer treatments.
SourceInstitute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)·JournalNature Cell Biology·DateJun 30, 2014
A team of University of Montreal and McGill researchers has developed a new method to link signaling molecules to target regulators of cell division. This method could provide valuable insights into the processes underlying cell division and potentially reveal new targets for cancer treatment.
SourceMcGill University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 9, 2013
Researchers have discovered a key role played by TACC3-ch-TOG-clathrin in forming inter-microtubule bridges that stabilise kinetochore fibres during mitosis. Removing this protein team can induce cells to arrest and die, potentially providing a new approach to cancer treatment.
SourceUniversity of Warwick·JournalJournal of Cell Biology·DateAug 7, 2013
Researchers discover Anthrax Toxin Receptor 2a (Antxr2a) plays a crucial role in orienting cell division during embryonic development, guiding the positioning of chromosomes and mitotic spindle. This finding sheds light on the physiological function of Antxr2a and its potential involvement in other biological processes.
SourceUniversité de Genève·JournalNature Cell Biology·DateDec 2, 2012
Quantitative research reveals that microtubules form and transport throughout the spindle, contradicting the pole-to-pole theory, shedding new light on cell division mechanics.
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A team of researchers at the University of Oregon has made a groundbreaking discovery about stem cell division, finding that cortical proteins help position a cleavage furrow in the right location. This new mechanism has important implications for understanding how stem cells divide to produce unique cell types.
SourceUniversity of Oregon·JournalNature·DateSep 1, 2010
Researchers have identified two proteins, dynein and Nudel, as crucial for regulating the assembly of the spindle matrix during mitosis. This finding broadens our understanding of how cells control critical events during division. Understanding spindle assembly is essential to comprehend cell fate choices and development.
SourceCarnegie Institution for Science·JournalNature Cell Biology·DateFeb 8, 2009
Research demonstrates that increased Akt1 function is sufficient to produce tetraploid smooth muscle cells in hypertensive or aging arteries. Cyclin B degradation is prematurely triggered in these cells, allowing for extra rounds of DNA synthesis and cell growth.
SourceJCI Journals·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·DateOct 10, 2000
Cornell University researchers reveal molecular motor Myo2p's crucial role in guiding the mitotic spindle during cell division. The study sheds light on an essential mechanism in new cell formation and highlights potential consequences of failures in molecular motor function.