Articles tagged with Blood
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that polyfluoroalkyl phosphate esters (PAPs) used in food packaging are breaking down into perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), including PFOA, and being ingested by people. This study provides valuable evidence to inform policy on the use of PAPs in food contact applications.
A Kaiser Permanente study shows that electronic alerts can significantly reduce unnecessary D-dimer tests for elderly patients, resulting in a 69.7% decrease in orders. The alerts, which explain the test's inaccuracy in older adults, were implemented in eight primary care clinics and maintained throughout the study period.
Researchers at National Jewish Health found that 84-93% of foods avoided due to suspected allergies were restored after oral food challenges. The study highlights the need to balance clinical allergy testing with complete food elimination diets.
Scientists developed a built-in timer to improve the accuracy of paper-based diagnostic tests for diseases. The device uses a dye and wax mixture with a color change signal, achieving 97% accuracy in a glucose test, compared to 90% with a stopwatch.
Researchers at UIC are investigating both acquired and familial causes of heart failure with a focus on identifying markers for diagnosis and targets for cures. The five-year funding supports an ongoing program-project grant led by R. John Solaro, which looks at the underlying maladaptive changes that lead to heart failure.
Using x-ray crystallography, researchers at Saint Louis University have revealed the molecular structure of the zymogen form of thrombin, a precursor to the active enzyme involved in blood clotting. This discovery provides crucial information about the activation mechanism and opens new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
Researchers have discovered a protein called PIM-1 that can serve as an early warning system for pulmonary hypertension, allowing for earlier diagnosis and potentially more effective treatment. Gene therapy has also been shown to reverse the condition by blocking the inappropriate activation of this protein.
A new study by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences found that succimer does not effectively remove mercury from the body. Despite lower blood concentrations after one week, continued therapy over five months showed only a slight slowing of mercury accumulation.
A diet study led by Lund University found that a specific diet high in antioxidants, omega fatty acids, and wholegrain products can improve memory and cognitive function. The diet also significantly reduced blood lipids, blood pressure, and inflammation markers.
A study found that invasive bush honeysuckle substantially increases the risk of human disease by providing a habitat for deer to congregate, allowing ticks to spread diseases. The research suggests that this effect may be seen with other invasive plants as well.
The University of Colorado Cord Blood Bank has received a $6.3 million grant to collect and bank umbilical cord blood from minority groups, increasing genetic diversity and matching rates for minority patients. The bank will support an additional 5,000 cord blood units and expand collections to Arizona.
Researchers found that approximately half of increased umbilical cord IgE levels were due to maternal IgE transfer. This discovery challenges the use of umbilical cord blood for assessing allergy risk in infants.
Researchers will study proteins that trigger cell activity and functions, aiming to understand how they malfunction and cause heart disease. The project, led by UCLA, involves seven institutions worldwide and focuses on mitochondria and proteasomes, which may contribute to heart disease when defective.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine are investigating how expanded insurance coverage in Massachusetts affects cardiovascular care and outcomes, with a focus on vulnerable populations. The center aims to understand the impact of health reform on access to care and clinical outcomes.
Researchers are studying how genetic code affects warfarin breakdown in Yup'ik Eskimos to develop personalized drug prescriptions. The study aims to improve treatment outcomes for Alaska Natives with limited access to healthcare.
Researchers have identified three proteins that rise in the blood during acute rejection, enabling doctors to halt organ rejection before it impairs transplanted hearts and kidneys. The new blood test will let doctors skip directly to drug dosing before a transplant is damaged.
Researchers found that thigh-length stockings can reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in stroke patients, a life-threatening form of blood clot. The study, which included over 3,000 patients from 112 hospitals, highlights the importance of using long stockings to prevent clots.
A recent study published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that approximately 1% of patients who underwent total hip replacement surgery still developed deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism within 90 days. The researchers identified several co-morbidity factors that increased a patient's likelihood, including previou...
Researchers identified a defective ABCB4 gene that impairs cholesterol excretion, leading to high levels of bad cholesterol. The study used laboratory opossums and found that the gene plays a role in controlling blood cholesterol levels in response to dietary cholesterol.
African Americans' distrust in hospitals hinders blood donation rates. Researchers found that 1 in 5 individuals lack hospital trust, associated with lower donation rates and less knowledge about the blood supply.
A study published by the American Heart Association found that Mexican-American stroke survivors with a heart rhythm disorder have more than twice the risk for another stroke compared to non-Hispanic whites. Additionally, their recurrent strokes are more likely to be severe, although they do not have a higher risk of death after stroke.
A blood test analyzing individual immune responses to infection shows promise for quickly diagnosing respiratory viral illnesses, including flu. The test boasts over 95% accuracy in pinpointing the cause of disease.
A Loyola University Health System study found that only seven of the 22 patients who experienced pulmonary embolisms showed evidence of leg blood clots. Researchers suggest screening for DVTs in the arms as well as legs before and after surgery to assess risk.
A study found that oxygen therapy provides no additional benefit over regular air in relieving persistent breathlessness in patients with life-limiting illness. The researchers suggest less burdensome strategies should be considered for these patients.
A survey of intensive care units in England, Wales and Northern Ireland found that staff often test incapacitated patients without consent after needlestick injuries. The results highlight the need for further discussion on the legality of such tests, as it could be argued that this is unlawful under UK legislation.
Researchers found that standard dose unfractionated heparin (UFH) added to fondaparinux maintains a low rate of major bleeding and prevents catheter thrombosis. The study suggests that standard dose UFH may be the optimal treatment strategy in PCI patients on fondaparinux.
A study has found that kidneys from cardiac-death donors have equivalent graft survival and function to those from brain-dead donors. This breakthrough increases the potential supply of donor organs, alleviating the shortage on the kidney transplant waiting list in the UK.
A new study explores the impact of alcohol intoxication on reasoning and problem-solving abilities. Researchers found that executive functions don't recover as quickly as subjective feelings of drunkenness, explaining why many individuals feel they can drive after drinking.
Researchers found that nursing facility residents with normal zinc levels were 50% less likely to develop pneumonia compared to those with low zinc concentrations. Those with adequate zinc levels also had shorter durations of pneumonia and lower mortality rates.
A report found that certain vena cava filters, used to prevent blood clots from reaching the lungs, can fracture and cause life-threatening complications. The filters were found to have a high rate of fracture, with some fragments traveling to the heart and causing symptoms such as rapid heartbeat or fluid buildup.
The study analyzed DNA from over 100,000 people worldwide and found 95 genetic variants contributing to high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The findings provide new clues for developing effective medicines to combat heart disease.
A global team of researchers identified 95 genetic loci associated with blood lipid levels, including a non-coding gene variant that contributes to lower 'bad' cholesterol and reduced risk of heart attack. The study provides insights into the biological connections between lipid metabolism and coronary heart disease.
A new study found that people whose hearts pump less blood have brains that appear older, with decreased brain volume and atrophy. This association was seen even in those without cardiovascular disease, suggesting a link between cardiac index and brain health.
Researchers at University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus discover bone marrow progenitor-derived adipocytes, a new type of fat cell that poses health threats. The discovery may help explain the link between obesity and heart disease.
A non-human primate study generated antibodies capable of neutralizing diverse strains of HIV-1. The research found that methods to boost neutralizing antibody abundance in rectal and vaginal tissues are needed to prevent HIV-1 transmission.
A significant geographic variation was found in the use of carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting among Medicare beneficiaries, with different regions having varying rates of each procedure. Men and patients with a prior diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease were more likely to undergo carotid revascularization.
A new study reveals that a combination of common and rare genetic variants contribute to hypertriglyceridemia. Researchers found that patients with high triglycerides had excess rare variants in four genes, adding up to 28% of cases.
A study found that only 51% of HIV-exposed infants in African countries received a minimum dose of nevirapine to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission. The study highlights the need for improved service coverage and counseling services to maximize prevention efforts.
Research supports the importance of choline in fetal development, with studies finding reduced risk of infant heart defects and improved attention function. Higher intakes of choline also lower blood homocysteine concentrations, associated with decreased risk of stroke and cognitive decline.
A multi-institutional study found that extended use of anti-clotting drug enoxaparin significantly reduced the chances of blood clots in bedridden patients, especially those over 75 and female. The treatment also increased bleeding risk slightly.
The Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute has received a $1.66 million grant to develop a measurement system predicting patient vulnerability to sudden cardiac arrest. The study aims to identify patients at high risk of sudden cardiac arrest by analyzing electrocardiogram data.
Researchers at The Chinese University of Hong Kong have identified biomarkers in preterm infants' blood that can detect late-onset septicemia and necrotizing enterocolitis. These findings may help diagnose preterm infants requiring urgent treatment, reducing the risk of life-threatening conditions.
A randomized study found that inhaled insulin plus insulin glargine achieved similar blood sugar control as twice-daily premixed biaspart insulin, with less weight gain and hypoglycemia. The treatment also showed a better safety profile, with fewer cough and lung function issues.
Researchers analyzed bed bug saliva proteins to understand their role in feeding and potential medical applications. The study found unique enzymes that characterize the saliva profile of Cimex lectularius, a blood-feeding insect with over 250 million-year survival success.
A new study of 1,960 White-Americans and 368 Black-Americans with VTE found that Blacks had a significantly higher proportion with pulmonary embolism and idiopathic PE, as well as a higher incidence of VTE. The study suggests that true causes for these racial differences remain unknown and warrant further investigation.
A new study finds women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher bisphenol A (BPA) blood levels, associated with increased male hormones and reproductive problems. The study suggests that women with PCOS should limit their exposure to BPA due to its potential adverse effects on hormone balance.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have successfully engineered a new version of the blood-regulator enzyme thrombin with optimized anti-blood clotting properties. This breakthrough opens the door to potential new medications that can treat diseases related to thrombosis without carrying a risk of hemorrhage.
The Lancet Editorial calls on Google and Facebook to promote safe lifestyles and encourage young people to donate blood. Harnessing the internet's power could boost blood supplies by recruiting a new generation of late teens and 20-year-olds.
Researchers found similar leukaemia-free survival rates for unrelated cord blood transplants and matched bone marrow or peripheral blood progenitor cell transplants. UCB transplantation was also linked to lower rates of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease.
Research suggests that abnormalities in blood clot formation contribute to AD pathogenesis. A new therapeutic strategy aims to slow cognitive decline by targeting altered blood clotting caused by amyloid peptide.
A study by Max-Planck-Gesellschaft researchers found that House sparrow males' bill color is correlated with their testosterone levels, while the size of their badge has no such correlation. This suggests that the badge may be an honest signal of a male's quality rather than his dominance status.
A study found that patients with excessive oxygen levels in arterial blood following cardiac arrest have a higher rate of death in the hospital. Hyperoxia was associated with significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared to normoxia.
Three new oral blood-thinning drugs may offer significant advantages over Coumadin, but their lack of clinical experience raises concerns about potential interactions. Many adults take multiple prescription drugs, increasing the risk of adverse interactions.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that a continuous flow left ventricular assist device (LVAD) improves function on the right side of the heart, reducing central venous pressure and pulmonary artery pressures. The study, which monitored 41 patients, also showed significant improvements in measures related to tricuspid regurgitat...
Pioneering AIDS researchers Dr. Mark Wainberg and Dr. Norbert Gilmore argue that the current ban on gay men donating blood is no longer justified. They suggest allowing only those in stable, long-term monogamous relationships to donate, while maintaining the ban on those with multiple partners.
The Canadian Medical Association Journal suggests relaxing the ban on male blood donors who have had sex with men, citing a significant decrease in false negative test results. The proposed change could lead to an expansion of the blood donor pool, resulting in more units of blood available for transfusions.
A large population-based study found a small increase in heart disease risk linked to higher blood sugar levels, but the changes were not substantial. The researchers confirmed their findings in a systematic review of existing literature.
A new blood test can predict whether newborn babies are at high risk of developing allergies as they grow older, thanks to research involving the University of Adelaide.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine discovered a previously unknown association between type-2 diabetes and high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls and gamma-tocopherol, a form of vitamin E. The novel analytic technique, called environment wide association studies (EWAS), identified these relationships surpassing tho...
A large trial found that adding misoprostol to standard uterotonics did not reduce post-partum blood loss, but was associated with increased shivering and body temperature. WHO's withdrawal of support for misoprostol use in low-income settings has been criticized.