Articles tagged with Blood
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers discovered that adding proline and phenylalanine amino acids improves binding rates of synthetic fibrin knobs to holes, leading to a novel peptide mimic with 10-fold higher affinity. The study also identified structural properties contributing to functional knob-hole interactions.
A study by UC Davis researchers has identified a blood component, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), as a predictor of coronary artery disease in African-Americans. The finding highlights the role of inflammation in vascular disease among this ethnic group and may lead to more targeted treatment approaches.
A new study by Stanford researchers highlights the need for standardized criteria in diagnosing food allergies due to differing definitions and inconsistent treatment approaches. This could lead to misdiagnosis and unnecessary anxiety for patients with food intolerance, while also potentially overdiagnosing food allergies.
A pooled analysis of 25 trials found that consuming an average of 67 grams of nuts per day resulted in a 5.1% reduction in total cholesterol, 7.4% decrease in LDL-cholesterol, and 8.3% change in HDL-cholesterol levels.
A joint clinical trial found that administering fibrinogen before heart surgery reduces bleeding risk. The study suggests fibrinogen concentrate could be used as a preventive therapy for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Researchers presented studies on predicting pregnancy-associated breast cancer, post-traumatic stress disorder in breast cancer patients, and novel drug candidates such as flavaglines. The conference also explored the use of circulating tumor cells and gene differences to predict survival outcomes in breast cancer patients.
Genetic research suggests that elevated triglyceride levels are associated with a higher risk of heart disease. A major international consortium led by Dr Nadeem Sarwar and Professor John Danesh found this link in analysis of 350,000 people from 101 studies.
A national study suggests that the standard heel-stick test is not effective at identifying cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in newborns, with only 17 out of 60 infected children identified. The test's limited value has major public health implications, as congenital CMV infection is a leading cause of hearing loss in children.
A North Carolina State University researcher found that bacteria from insect bites can be passed to human babies by the mother, causing chronic infections. The study suggests a possible link between maternal infection with bacteria like Bartonella and birth defects.
Researchers at Children's National Hospital found that carbon monoxide levels increase during routine general anesthesia in young children. To reduce this risk, anesthesiologists recommend using specific absorbents and avoiding low-flow anesthesia to minimize exposure.
Researchers found that men with metabolic syndrome had twice as low blood H2S levels as lean men, while those with diabetes had four times lower levels. This reduction in H2S was associated with higher blood pressure, increased insulin resistance and damage to small blood vessels.
Research found that long-term anabolic steroid users had weaker left ventricle function and impaired diastolic function compared to non-steroid users. Eighty-three percent of steroid users had low ejection fraction, linked to increased risk of heart failure and sudden cardiac death.
A new blood test has reduced the number of biopsies performed on heart transplant patients by 50% in a landmark Stanford study. The test uses genomics technology to identify patients at low risk for rejection, allowing doctors to safely reduce biopsy frequency and improve patient quality of life.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo found that vitamin D supplements, diet, geographic location, demographic information, and lifestyle cannot accurately predict vitamin D concentrations in blood. This means that relying on proxy measures like food intake or latitude of residence to assess cancer risk is not reliable.
A new study reveals that individual fibrin fibers play a crucial role in equitably distributing strain load and strengthening the entire network. The research found that fibers subjected to significant strain stiffen to resist stretch, thereby reducing strain concentrations.
A blood test measuring C-reactive protein (CRP) levels may help assess colon cancer risk, according to a Vanderbilt University Medical Center study. High CRP levels were found to be associated with a 2.5-times greater risk of colon cancer in women.
A study found that DNA analysis of dried blood samples from newborns did not effectively identify an infection causing congenital CMV, leading to sensorineural hearing loss. Current methods for screening newborns for this infection have low sensitivity and specificity.
A study found that the traditional 'heel stick' test is not an effective screening tool for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in newborns. The test, which involves pricking a baby's heel and analyzing dried blood samples, was unable to detect CMV DNA in up to 40% of infected babies.
A $3.7 million clinical trial will evaluate customized warfarin dosage based on patient genetics to balance blood clotting risks and benefits in orthopedic patients. The study aims to identify the optimal range of blood clotting speed, using genetic formulas to refine warfarin dosing.
A new mobile compression device has been shown to be as effective as medication in preventing blood clots after hip replacement surgery, with greater patient safety. The device reduces the risk of clot formation by maximizing blood flow and is comparable in cost to traditional blood thinners.
Two transplant centers report successful paired donor exchanges for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in ABO-incompatible cases. The program allows for compatible but unrelated donors to donate, enabling recipients to undergo LDLT with high success rates.
The WPI research team aims to develop powerful diagnostic tools that can predict the likelihood of plaque rupture, which is responsible for most heart attacks and strokes. The new NIH award will enable the team to extend their research on arterial plaque development and predict potential rupture.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine have identified a set of 17 proteins in the blood that accurately predict alcohol usage 90% of the time. These proteins can distinguish between excessive and responsible drinking levels, offering a potential diagnostic test for alcohol consumption.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh identified three genes that contribute significantly to blood clotting speed in healthy individuals. These findings may help further understanding and treatment of conditions like deep vein thrombosis, heart attacks, and bleeding disorders.
Researchers have identified a key enzyme, myeloperoxidase, as a significant predictor of mortality in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients. High levels of the enzyme increase the risk of death by more than double over a 13-year period.
Scientists found that a protein barrier in mosquito midgut prevents disease-causing agents like the Plasmodium malaria parasite from infecting mosquitoes. Disrupting this barrier could trigger immune defenses to protect insects from infection, potentially informing new strategies for blocking malaria transmission.
A clinical trial conducted by researchers from Karolinska Institutet found that eprotirome, a thyroid-hormone-like substance, effectively reduces blood cholesterol levels in patients who have already received statins. The trial showed significant reductions in harmful blood fats, up to 30% lower than those of patients receiving a placebo.
Researchers at the US Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) have discovered how the yellow-fever-transmitting Aedes aegypti mosquito detects the specific chemical structure of octenol, a compound emitted by mammals. The study shows that mosquitoes tap into the 'handedness' of molecules to detect this compound.
Researchers at Cornell University have identified a protein involved in mosquito urination, which can help control the spread of diseases like dengue fever. By blocking this protein's function, mosquitoes may be limited in their ability to survive after feeding on blood.
Researchers created a risk assessment method based on race, Medicaid eligibility, and neighborhood characteristics, which identified even more high-risk children than current methods. The new approach could save taxpayers $153,000 by reducing unnecessary lead poisoning tests.
A University of Alberta researcher has identified a way to lower the amount of fat in the blood and improve glucose metabolism. The study found that decreasing the activity of an enzyme called triacylglycerol hydrolase (TGH) can also protect against diabetes and increase physical activity.
A new study by Northwestern University recommends raising pregnancy blood sugar levels to nearly double the risk of complications for mothers and babies. The revised guidelines suggest that a fasting blood sugar level of 92 or higher poses serious risks to both mother and baby.
A study found that 79% of dialysis patients were vitamin D deficient, with black race, female sex, and winter season being strong predictors. Low blood albumin levels may lead to protein loss in the urine, affecting vitamin D transport.
A team at Washington University in St. Louis has identified a link between white-tailed deer populations and emerging tick-borne diseases, including human ehrlichiosis and southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI). The study used a sophisticated DNA assay to track the transmission of pathogens from wildlife to ticks.
Researchers have found a potential way to reduce brain damage caused by strokes using a simple blood-pressure cuff. By applying brief periods of high pressure to the arm, the goal is to prepare the brain for reduced blood flow without lasting damage.
The University of Cincinnati researchers will investigate ways ILD appears in patient groups with autoimmune diseases and develop more efficient diagnosis and treatment methods. The study aims to identify specific biomarkers and medical records characteristics that predict the best treatment outcomes for ILD patients.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have developed a new approach to detect cancer using whole genome sequencing, identifying rearrangements of DNA that can be found in tumor cells. This approach, called Personalized Analysis of Rearranged Ends (PARE), may help clinicians tailor treatments and monitor tumor levels after therapy.
Fatal car crashes among young female drivers in the US have seen a rise in alcohol-related incidents, with rates among young men declining over the study period. Notably, young women's rates were lower but showed less predictable patterns, including an increase in positive blood tests at certain ages and times of the week.
Researchers found that patients with a low ejection fraction in the right ventricle had a significantly increased risk of death. The study suggests that measuring RVEF can help identify high-risk patients and improve treatment outcomes.
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of blood clots, even when not hospitalized. A new study found that IBD sufferers who manage their flare-ups outside the hospital environment are 16 times more likely to develop a blood clot than non-sufferers.
Patients with active inflammatory bowel disease are at a significantly increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism, especially when ambulatory. The study found that non-hospitalized patients with active IBD have a relative risk of 16 times higher than the general population, highlighting the need for prophylaxis strategies.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are developing a heart assist device called PediaFlow to support infants and small children with congenital or acquired heart disease. The device has already shown promise in preclinical research, pulling oxygenated blood from the left ventricle through its innovative mag-lev technology.
Researchers challenge long-held 3/4-power law of metabolism with new paper, finding support for 2/3 exponent in geometry and network analysis. Empirical evidence from animal studies also aligns with 2/3 exponent, suggesting a potential universal scaling law for metabolism.
A review and meta-analysis of previous studies suggests that withholding anticoagulation therapy after a negative whole-leg compression ultrasound is associated with a low risk of developing a blood clot during the subsequent 3 months. This finding may lead to reconsidering multiple ultrasounds for low-risk patients.
A new study by University of California, Berkeley researchers found that women with higher blood levels of PBDEs took longer to become pregnant compared to those with lower levels. The study linked each 10-fold increase in PBDE concentration to a 30% decrease in the odds of becoming pregnant.
A breakthrough blood test for diagnosing schizophrenia could become available in 2010, marking a significant shift from traditional brain-based diagnostic methods. The test leverages biomarkers detected in the blood and other bodily fluids to provide a real-time picture of the disease.
A recent study published in the European Heart Journal found that cocaine use is a growing public health problem in Europe, with 3.1% of sudden deaths related to the drug. The study revealed that even small amounts of cocaine can be toxic due to individual variations in body mass index, age, and other factors.
A recent study found that HIV patients who switch from lopinavir-ritonavir to raltegravir experience a reduction in blood fat levels, but the rate of viral suppression is lower in the raltegravir group. The results suggest that clinicians need to consider individual patient factors when making treatment decisions.
A Johns Hopkins Children's Center study found that even small amounts of lead in healthy children's bodies can impair kidney function, with those having higher levels showing decreased kidney filtration rates. The researchers measured kidney function using two tests and found a link between higher lead levels and worse kidney function ...
A study of 1,243 male US veterans with moderate-to-advanced chronic kidney disease found that both high and low blood calcium levels increased the risk of dying prematurely. High calcium levels were linked to a 31% increased risk, while low levels resulted in a 21% higher mortality rate.
Researchers identified a biomarker called elafin that can be measured in a blood test to diagnose bone marrow transplant patients' skin rashes and predict GVHD risk. The test enables doctors to adjust therapy based on patient risk levels, potentially reducing side effects.
Two large trials found misoprostol tablets non-inferior to intravenous oxytocin for controlling postpartum bleeding, with similar efficacy but increased side effects. The findings support the potential role of misoprostol as a first-line treatment alternative in low-resource settings.
A University of Rochester Medical Center study found a link between vitamin D deficiency and increased cardiac deaths among blacks compared to whites. Researchers suggest that boosting vitamin D levels safely through supplements may be an effective way to intervene.
Scientists have discovered a pivotal role for two key proteins in preventing the onset of age-related macular degeneration. The study found that one protein binds to another to reduce damage caused by inflammation, and that genetic variations can make people more vulnerable to eye damage.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center pioneered a technique to replace infected aortic grafts with the body's own veins, proving more durable and less prone to new infection than synthetic or cadaver grafts. The procedure has superior durability and lower long-term amputation rates compared to other operations.
Researchers developed non-invasive technology using nanoparticles that react with glucose molecules in tears, changing color to alert users. The innovation has potential applications beyond biomedical devices, including food packaging and biodegradable materials.
Researchers have identified a protein mechanism that senses bicarbonate fluctuations and adjusts blood pH levels. The breakthrough discovery, led by the University of Alberta team, opens new avenues for regulating blood pH in the human body.
Patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis who underwent intensive medical therapy had reduced rates of cardiovascular events and microemboli in the brain arteries. This approach, including aggressive control of blood pressure and cholesterol levels, resulted in lower risk of stroke, heart attack, and death.
A study using fMRI revealed that adults exposed to lead as children incur permanent brain injury, with distinct areas of the brain affected differently. Lead exposure has been associated with diminished IQ, poor academic performance, and increased risk of criminal behavior.
A study found that patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and no symptoms of heart disease are at high risk for cardiovascular events. Asymptomatic coronary artery disease was detected in 24% of PAD patients through non-invasive imaging, highlighting the need for extensive cardiovascular risk factor management.