Articles tagged with Nutrition
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University has developed a problem-solving approach called Public Nutrition to address nutritional problems in emergencies. This approach focuses on food distribution, prevention, and treatment of malnutrition, as well as addressing micronutrient deficiency diseases.
The Tufts Health Sciences Library has created SPIRAL, a one-of-a-kind resource providing health information to Asian Americans in their native languages and English. The project aims to bridge the gap between patients speaking limited English and their healthcare providers.
A study found that zinc supplementation improved reaction time, correct answers, and sustained attention in 7th-grade students. However, no significant improvement was seen in motor and social skills. The results suggest that increasing zinc intakes may benefit adolescent mental function, particularly memory.
The symposium discussed the potential of individualized dietary recommendations to optimize health and reduce chronic disease risk. Experts emphasized the need for tailored food choices, new definitions of health, and the application of technology to determine individual nutritional needs.
Participants who ate from refilling bowls consumed 73% more soup than those in normal bowls, despite rating themselves as full. The study highlights the dangers of relying on visual cues to gauge food intake and suggests repackaging snacks into small plastic bags to promote healthier eating habits.
The Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study found that a diet high in vegetables, fruit, and fiber can reduce the recurrence of breast cancer. The Coronary Health Improvement Project also showed improvements in participants' health and reduced risk of chronic diseases through education and lifestyle changes.
A two-year study by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that tailored dietary interventions can improve fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income young adults. The participants who received personalized phone calls and materials showed significant progress in eating five or more servings of fruits and vegetables daily.
Research suggests that adding meat, milk, or energy-rich vegetable oils to cereal-based diets can improve iron, zinc, and vitamin B-12 intake in poor children. Biofortification of crops is also a possibility, but more research is needed to determine its impact.
Researchers at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University have identified two variants in the perilipin gene associated with increased obesity risk in white women. Vitamin B12 deficiency has also been linked to lower bone mineral density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.
Researchers found that most parents and teachers agree on the importance of providing healthy food options in schools, with 90% supporting snack availability. However, only 18% of parents and 31% of teachers believe schools prioritize student nutrition.
A new study published in Nutrition Reviews finds that a vegetarian diet can lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney failure. By analyzing 80 scientific studies, researchers found that individual patients experience blood pressure-lowering effects from a plant-based diet.
Researchers from Penn State found that eating more water-rich foods and choosing reduced-fat options can lead to significant weight loss. In two studies, obese women who followed low-energy-density diets lost an average of 21 pounds compared to those on restricted fat intake diets.
Researchers at Tufts University's Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy found that poor ubiquitin function contributes to eye diseases like cataracts. Adolescents who read nutrition labels often don't translate the information into healthier diets, with boys consuming more calories from fat.
Men on a very low-carbohydrate diet lost significantly more weight from their upper bodies compared to those on a low-fat diet, with three times greater fat loss in the trunk area. Women also showed significant benefits, although with less dramatic results.
A team-centered program called ATHENA was effective in reducing disordered eating behaviors among female high school athletes. The program, which focused on promoting healthy nutrition and exercise training, showed positive changes in athletes' dietary habits and reduced use of diet pills and other unhealthy substances.
A nationwide study found that only 36% of teenagers achieved moderate to vigorous physical activity weekly, and only 4.4% maintained this level into adulthood. This decline in physical activity contributes to the rising burden of obesity and related health issues in the US.
Researchers at Tufts University found a significant gap in care for fracture patients, with few treated for osteoporosis despite increased risk of re-fracture. The study suggests that primary care physicians play a crucial role in reducing this risk through targeted counseling and medication.
The Center for Food and Nutrition Policy challenges the 'nutrient displacement hypothesis' suggesting added sugars replace essential vitamins and minerals. The study's findings indicate energy from other sources has a stronger association with micronutrient intake.
Research suggests that parents support limiting access to soft drink vending machines in schools, with many wanting healthier alternatives. Eating a large salad as a first course may also aid in weight management by reducing meal energy intake by 12 percent.,
Researchers at USC have linked historical increases in human lifespan to reduced childhood exposure to infectious diseases like tuberculosis and malaria. Chronic inflammation from these early infections accelerated cardiovascular and other diseases, leading to increased longevity.
A study found that energy intake from soft drinks in the US rose by 135% between 1977 and 2001, while milk intake decreased by 38%. This shift is linked to increased obesity rates.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that more than 85% of African Americans will use food stamps, compared to 37% of white Americans. Food stamp use is also linked to lower education levels, with 64% of adults with less than 12 years of education using them.
A new study found that undernutrition significantly contributes to the global malaria burden, particularly in children less than 5 years old. Well-nourished children are better equipped to fight and survive malaria infection.
Research found that parents' regular soft drink intake relaxes rules for their kids, leading to higher consumption rates. Soft drinks are also strongly associated with TV time and availability at home or school.
The Food Guide Pyramid is set to undergo revisions, shifting from a one-size-fits-all approach to an individualized model. This change aims to motivate consumers to make informed food choices, with the help of focused messages and educational tools.
A study by The Pennsylvania State University found that girls who were at risk for excess weight at age 5 had higher rates of dietary restraint and body dissatisfaction by age 9. Parents play a crucial role in preventing childhood obesity by encouraging healthy eating habits and regular physical activity.
A new study reveals that improved nutrition can prevent over half of the world's child deaths every year. Researchers found that even mild undernutrition increases a child's risk of dying from diarrhea, pneumonia, malaria, and measles by two-fold. Investing in child nutrition interventions could save millions of young lives.
Researchers have found that adding butyrate to an intravenous nutrition solution can cause the intestine to grow back and become more functional. This breakthrough offers hope for preterm infants and patients with Crohn's disease who rely on IV feeding due to surgically removed intestines.
Researchers found that girls using unhealthful weight-control behaviors had significantly lower intakes of fruit, vegetables, and grains compared to those with healthy behaviors. Boys using unhealthful behaviors did not have poorer dietary intakes than those with healthful behaviors.
The Progresa program showed improvements in height increments and anemia rates among participants. Children who received the nutrition component experienced better growth and reduced risk of malnutrition.
A study by Cornell University found that iron supplements improve exercise performance in non-anemic women, but only those with tissue-iron deficiency. Women with low liver iron but no anemia showed no functional impairments.
A study found that moderate alcohol consumption increases plasma DHEAS levels in both men and women, decreases testosterone in men, and has no effect on estradiol levels. These findings suggest that DHEAS may play a protective role against atherosclerosis.
A study reported in Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that between 1973-74 and 1993-94, the percentage of children eating a school lunch declined from 89.7% to 78.2%, while eating dinners prepared outside the home increased from 5.4% to 19%.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed an activity called 'See it, Do it, Teach it' to help people understand nutrition labels and increase their calcium intake. The eight-week study showed that participants significantly increased their calcium consumption, getting closer to daily requirements.
The TPN Calculator significantly reduced medical errors and saved time for healthcare providers. With the online calculator, errors decreased by nearly 90%, allowing caregivers to dedicate more time to patient care. The system's development preserved the existing ordering process while improving efficiency and reducing calculation errors.
Dr. Dean Ornish challenges the effectiveness of low-carb diets like Atkins, recommending a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. He argues that these foods enhance fullness without adding significant calories, promoting healthier weight loss options.
Researchers found a direct correlation between honey consumption and elevated polyphenolic antioxidants in human plasma. The study's findings support existing evidence that honey may provide protective antioxidant compounds, contributing to overall health.
A study found that adolescent girls and boys drink fewer soft drinks than perceived, with an average of one can per day. Despite this, younger children and African-American children have lower calcium intakes. The study suggests increasing milk consumption and calcium supplements to improve dietary habits.
A report by the International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group finds that zinc deficiency affects millions worldwide, particularly in developing countries. It highlights methods for assessing population zinc status and potential strategies for controlling nutritional deficiencies through supplements and public education.
A recent study by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that a lack of choline during pregnancy can lead to reduced brain cell formation and impaired memory in children. The scientists discovered that choline plays a crucial role in regulating stem cell division, which is essential for brain development.
A study presented at a dental research conference explores the link between oral health and diet, finding that poor oral health can lead to unhealthy eating habits. The presentation highlights the potential consequences for systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and malignancy.
A study published in Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal found that nutrition education participants who completed six or more lessons experienced significantly less food insecurity compared to those who dropped out early. The program improved skills such as budgeting, comparing prices, and shopping with a grocery list among ...
The MILES IGERT program aims to develop antioxidant delivery systems, novel biocompatible synthetic polymer delivery systems, and natural and synthetic macromolecular antioxidants. Researchers are exploring controlled release of antioxidants by polymeric films and investigating the biomedical implications of oxidation processes.
Researchers are working on developing individualized nutritional plans based on a patient's genetic makeup, age, lifestyle, and ethnicity. This tailored approach aims to improve health outcomes by providing the right nutrients at the right time.
The glycemic index (GI) is gaining recognition as a valuable tool for nutrition education and planning. Research suggests that moderating the GI of foods can have important health implications, particularly for active individuals. The use of GI in food selection and menu planning can help provide lasting energy.
A Penn State study identified attitudinal barriers to school breakfast programs, including parents' lack of perceived role in promoting programs and administrators' concerns about scheduling, cost, and food quality. The study highlights the need for parent support and strategies to overcome these barriers.
The 2002 Annual Bibliography of Significant Advances in Dietary Supplement Research highlights recent studies on the role of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals in managing various health conditions. The publication features a list of top 25 articles selected from over 350 original research papers.
A study by Penn State researchers found that school service personnel who participated in a Project PA workshop recognized the importance of nutrition education and healthy eating behaviors in addressing childhood obesity. The participants identified parental attitudes, peer pressure, and media as barriers to students' healthful eating...
Research emphasizes the importance of regular physical activity, along with adequate calcium intake, for maintaining or improving bone health. The American Dietetic Association also promotes medical nutrition therapy as a key factor in managing chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease.
A new clinical study found that chromium picolinate supplementation increased insulin sensitivity by 8.9% in individuals with type 2 diabetes, compared to a 3.6% decrease in the placebo group. The study suggests that chromium picolinate may improve insulin action through activation of Akt phosphorylation.
A recent study of 118 heart patients found that while they made significant progress reducing fat intake, many failed to adopt a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. After two years, only 23% were meeting the recommended daily intake, highlighting the need for targeted nutrition education.
A study by Duke University Medical Center scientists shows that feeding pregnant mice common nutritional supplements can change the coat color of their offspring and reduce disease susceptibility. The extra nutrients altered gene expression without changing the genes themselves, using a process called DNA methylation.
A new study shows that a derivative of green algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa improves the body's immune response to influenza vaccines. The study found significant increases in antibody responses after supplementation with two different doses of the extract, with no adverse effects reported.
A landmark study on lemur nutrition by Dr. Jennifer Campbell reveals that lemurs have different dietary requirements, with some eating leaves, fruits, insects, seeds, and nuts. Her research has led to the development of a proper diet for the animals, improving their health and reproductive success.
The American Dietetic Association emphasizes the importance of food and nutrition programs for children and adolescents. These programs not only combat hunger and food insecurity but also provide crucial nutrition education and promote physical activity to prevent excess weight and chronic diseases.
A recent study by Texas Cooperative Extension found that kids' gardening programs increase a child's interest in science and nutrition. The program, Junior Master Gardener (JMG), was developed to teach horticulture skills while promoting healthy eating habits.
A study by Saint Louis University School of Public Health found that parents who received nutrition information ate more fruits and vegetables, consumed less fat, and had a greater impact on their children's health. The High 5, Low Fat Program aims to deliver consistent messages to young families, promoting healthy eating habits.
Researchers at the University of Illinois found that piglets fed with a fiber-rich formula showed reduced incidence of diarrhea when infected with Salmonella typhimurium. The study suggests that fermentable fibers can help prevent intestinal damage and promote resistance against pathogens.
A retrospective cohort study found that pregnant teens, particularly those from under-resourced backgrounds, require adequate calcium intake to support fetal bone growth. The study's findings suggest a correlation between high maternal dairy consumption and improved fetal bone length and overall nutrition.
Researchers found that mixed-diet eaters had higher intakes of essential nutrients like calcium and fiber. The study suggests that people don't have to feel guilty about eating favorite foods as long as they maintain a balanced diet and regular physical activity.