Research on diet and how food affects the body. Covers the microbiome, meal timing, cardiovascular risk, and nutrition in illness.
The AGA Foundation has awarded $225,000 to seven young gastroenterologists to support their research over three years. The goal is to encourage young investigators and improve patient care through digestive diseases research.
Researchers at Tufts University identified groups with inadequate vitamin B6 status, including women of reproductive age and smokers. The study found a significant link between oral contraceptive use and low plasma pyridoxal 5'- phosphate levels.
The Phase 3 study evaluated two doses of GATTEX and showed that it was generally well-tolerated and effective in reducing PN requirements. Forty-six percent of low-dose patients responded and achieved a significant reduction in PN compared to placebo, with increases in trunk lean body mass and plasma citrulline also observed.
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that a nutrition education program resulted in a benefit-to-cost ratio of $9.59 per $1, indicating significant cost-effectiveness. The program improved quality-of-life outcomes worth over $49 million, suggesting a substantial investment in public health.
A recent review of 49 clinical trials found that dairy products and calcium intake have no effect on weight loss. Only five trials showed weight loss, but this was often associated with other factors such as exercise or lifestyle changes.
Research suggests Americans are not eating nutrient-dense food groups recommended in MyPyramid guidelines. Popcorn eaters have a higher daily intake of whole grains and fiber compared to non-popcorn eaters.
Researchers at the University of Granada have developed a new method to establish the antioxidant capacity of extra virgin olive oil. The study found that the ABTS method is the most suitable for studying polyphenol content and its correlation with total antioxidant capacity.
Research shows maternal diet impacts offspring health, with low-protein diets leading to hypertensive pups and abnormal blood vessels. The study highlights the need to investigate a potential link between maternal nutrition and human health.
A recent study found that macadamia nut consumption as part of a heart-healthy diet reduced low-density cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The researchers used a controlled feeding study with participants who consumed either a standard American diet or a diet supplemented with macadamia nuts.
A recent study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found an association between high egg consumption and all-cause mortality. However, the researchers did not control for various factors, such as saturated fat intake, which may confound the interpretation of the findings.
Recent research presents mixed findings on infant feeding and obesity, with some studies suggesting potential associations between infant nutrition and health outcomes. These studies provide new insights into the complex relationships between infant feeding practices, maternal factors, and childhood obesity.
A new study by Penn State University found that snacking on pistachios significantly reduces inflammation in the body, a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Additionally, pistachio consumption has been shown to improve cholesterol levels and reduce blood pressure, making it a valuable addition to a heart-healthy diet.
A two-year study in Philadelphia schools found that a multi-faceted nutrition policy reduced the incidence of overweight by 50 percent. The intervention included healthy eating initiatives, social marketing, and family outreach, resulting in a significant reduction in childhood obesity rates.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that children drinking flavored or plain milk had significantly higher intakes of essential nutrients like vitamin A, calcium, and phosphorus. The study also showed comparable or lower body mass indexes among milk drinkers compared to non-milk drinkers.
A study found that 91% of food ads on children's TV shows promote unhealthy foods high in fat, sugar, or sodium. In contrast, a separate study discovered that children who drink milk tend to have superior nutrient intakes compared to those who don't.
Research at Yale University reveals a link between grhelin, the hunger hormone, and decreased fertility. Grhelin's impact on reproductive health is seen in mice bred with low ghrelin levels, producing smaller litter sizes and altered uterine development.
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that significant others generally play a positive and supportive role in diet changes, with some facilitating the change through their own dietary habits or providing motivation. However, these positive roles varied widely in terms of impact on changers' experie...
A preschool-based intervention program helped prevent early trends toward obesity and instilled healthy eating habits in multi-ethnic 2- to 5-year-olds. The program, which included menu modifications, education, and family-based activities, was effective in reducing junk food consumption and increasing fruit and vegetable intake.
A study of Mexico's Oportunidades programme found that doubling cash transfers to low-income households is associated with significant improvements in children's health and growth. The programme's cash transfer component is linked to increased height, reduced stunting, and better cognitive development outcomes.
A University of Illinois scientist has created a soy-based cereal that exceeds the requirements for three different FDA health claims, providing a boost of protein, fiber, and nutrients. The cereal was developed to counteract the high-carbohydrate content of typical breakfast foods.
A national study found that patients with high cholesterol who received nutrition counseling from registered dietitians were able to reach their LDL cholesterol goal in approximately eight months. The study, which included data from 377 patients, showed significant reductions in cholesterol levels and weight loss among those who follow...
Researchers compared three leading dietary guides, finding consistent messages on eating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. A study also found that cancer survivors are more likely to use supplements, with a diagnosis of cancer being closely associated with vitamin use.
The USDA is partnering with companies to promote healthier eating through MyPyramid, providing science-based nutrition plans. Companies can support families by distributing nutrition information or developing new products that encourage physical activity.
A preventive nutrition intervention program targeting all children at risk is more effective than a traditional 'recuperative' model in reducing undernutrition. The study found significant differences between the two models, with stunting and wasting lower in preventive communities by 4-6 percentage points.
Researchers found that lower-income neighborhoods are associated with higher obesity rates due to limited access to healthy food and physical activity opportunities. The study highlights the importance of neighborhood-level services and structures in influencing weight-related behaviors.
A vitamin A and zinc supplement reduced malaria incidence by 34% in young children, according to a randomized double-blind trial. The supplementation also increased time to onset of malarial symptoms and reduced episode frequency.
Families in the US can eat healthily without breaking the bank, with USDA estimates suggesting they could spend less than $189/week on food. The Low-Cost Food Plan provides guidance on affordable meal options rich in fruits, vegetables and milk products.
The Journal of the American Dietetic Association has published a comprehensive review of dietary factors for treating and preventing cardiovascular disease. The review identifies effective dietary considerations, including a diet low in saturated fatty acids and high in fiber, vitamins, and minerals.
A Guatemala study suggests that early childhood nutrition interventions can lead to higher adult wages for men, while having no significant impact on women. The study found exposure to nutritious supplements before age 3 was associated with increased hourly wages and average incomes for men.
A three-year study will be conducted in UK prisons to investigate the impact of nutrition on behavior, including violence and self-harm. The study aims to identify the most important nutrients for brain function and behavior.
A study found that low vitamin E levels are associated with a decline in physical function among older adults. The researchers suggest that oxidative stress and muscle damage may play a role in the relationship between vitamin E and physical decline.
The international nutrition system faces substantial shortcomings in four functional areas: stewardship, resource mobilization, provision of services, and human resource strengthening. The current funding provided by donors is grossly insufficient and poorly targeted, hindering efforts to combat undernutrition.
New research suggests that stunting among children under three in poor countries can be reduced by up to a third, and deaths by up to a quarter, with existing maternal and child nutrition interventions. The Lancet series aims to highlight the impact of undernutrition on child health.
The Lancet study highlights the urgent need to address undernutrition in 20 countries accounting for 80% of the world's undernourished children. Interventions with proven effectiveness should be implemented at scale, and programme efforts should focus on the critical window of pregnancy to 24 months of age.
The Lancet Series highlights the devastating impact of undernutrition on maternal and child health, with over a third of all child deaths attributed to this cause. Proven interventions like breastfeeding counselling, vitamin A supplementation, and zinc fortification can help address this issue.
Breastfeeding counseling and vitamin A supplementation have the potential to cut child deaths by 25%. Implementing these nutrition strategies alongside other interventions could reduce mortality between birth and 36 months by around 25%.
A new study found that low-income mothers prefer receiving nutrition information on the web rather than through a video game or printed pamphlet. The study suggests that websites are a smart strategy for certain groups, particularly in increasing nutrition literacy.
The Modified MyPyramid for Older Adults prioritizes nutrient-dense foods, including whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, with a focus on fiber-rich options. Regular physical activity is also emphasized to reduce chronic disease risk and improve quality of life.
Researchers found that high blood folate levels can increase homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in individuals with vitamin B12 deficiency, worsening symptoms. This study suggests that excessive folate may compromise the body's ability to use vitamin B12 effectively.
A recent study of 213 elderly adults found that adherence to moderate exercise improved their physical function. Participants who exercised for 150 minutes or more per week showed greater improvements in walking speed, strength, flexibility, and balance.
A clinical study showed daily supplementation with chromium picolinate improved cognitive function in older adults experiencing early memory decline. The results suggest that improving glucose metabolism with chromium picolinate supplementation may enhance cognition.
A UCLA study found that introducing a lunch salad bar in elementary schools significantly increased low-income students' daily fruit and vegetable intake, with a notable decline in unhealthy fats. The program's success highlights the importance of accessible healthy food options in promoting healthier eating habits among children.
A study found that beverage calorie intake nearly doubled from 1965 to 2002, providing an average of 21% of daily energy intake among US adults. This increase contributes significantly to the obesity crisis, with additional calories coming from sugary drinks, alcohol, and other high-calorie beverages.
A study found that athletes frequently take supplements without knowledge of their actual effects, leading to potential health risks. The research team recommends that education about supplement use become a required part of sport coach accreditation.
The American Dietetic Association's November issue explores the effects of poverty on human development, highlighting barriers to accessing fruits and vegetables. Researchers found that low-income families face significant cost challenges in meeting daily recommended fruit and vegetable intake.
University of Illinois scientist Karen Chapman-Novakofski conducted a nutritional study in Botswana, revealing that the elderly lack variety in their diet and have limited access to milk, fruits, and vegetables. The research aims to inform policy changes and support healthy eating habits for this vulnerable population.
A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that daily zinc intake can help reduce pneumonia risk in nursing home residents, especially those with low serum zinc concentrations. Participants with normal serum zinc levels had a 50% lower risk of developing pneumonia and reduced mortality rates by 39%.
A systematic review found that early nasogastric enteral nutrition is effective and safe for treating severe acute pancreatitis. It appears to be a cost-effective alternative to conventional nutritional routes, with no worsening of clinical outcomes.
Brian Wansink's research on bottomless bowls of creamy tomato soup found that people eating from soup bowls with hidden refills ate 73% more soup than those in normal bowls, without feeling fuller. The study suggests that cues around us influence not only what we eat but also how much and when we feel full
A recent study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that limiting refined carbohydrates can slow the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Participants who consumed more refined carbohydrates were 17% more likely to develop blinding AMD than those who consumed less.
A recent study found that current food labeling leads to under-consumption of calcium, a crucial nutrient for osteoporosis prevention. Researchers discovered that consumers struggle to translate %DV to milligrams, and even doctors often make incorrect calculations. However, providing simple guidelines can help individuals better naviga...
A new study suggests that avoiding sweets may spell a longer life. Researchers found that worms lived up to 20% longer when unable to process glucose, increasing mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress. This finding raises questions about the effects of sugar on human lifespan and treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Tufts University found that glycemic index values can vary significantly among individuals and even within the same person, with individual values ranging from 44 to 132. The study's findings highlight the need for more precise understanding of how glycemic index relates to chronic disease risk in diverse populations.
The new guidelines offer clear recommendations on diagnosis and management of cows' milk allergy (CMA), recommending only extensively hydrolysed and amino acid-based formulas. Alternative milks such as soy, sheep, and goat are not recommended due to risk of cross-reactivity.
The Shape Up Somerville program, a 3-year community intervention targeting first to third graders, successfully reduced BMI z scores in high-risk children. Dr. Christina Economos' research highlights the importance of environmental changes and community spirit in promoting healthy behaviors.
A study by Penn State found that individuals with higher eating competence have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. The research suggests that training people in becoming eating competent may be an effective way to encourage healthy eating behaviors.
A recent study published in the International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition found no evidence that soft drinks alone contribute to children's weight gain. Instead, researchers discovered that overweight children consumed more food overall and had a greater tendency towards savory rather than sweet foods.
Higher consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks may be associated with insulin resistance, but not 100 percent fruit juice. Study participants who consumed two or more sugar-sweetened beverages per day had significantly higher fasting blood levels of insulin.
Researchers found that eating family meals together during adolescence resulted in adults who ate more fruit and vegetables, and drank less soft drinks. The study also showed that frequency of family meals predicted eating habits such as breakfast and dinner frequency, as well as intakes of key nutrients.
A nutritional supplement called Sprinkles has been shown to reduce anemia in poor children by more than half, according to a recent study published in the Journal of Nutrition. Children aged 6-24 months are most vulnerable to iron-deficiency anemia.