Articles tagged with G Protein Signaling
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Researchers have discovered that ascidians measure time to adulthood by accumulating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), ensuring a reliable timing of metamorphosis. The study's findings provide insights into time-measurement mechanisms in other organisms and may aid in aquaculture and marine biofouling control.
Researchers have identified new gateways for drugs to modulate proteins regulating cellular activity. These discoveries may facilitate the creation of new medications or improve existing ones, leading to more targeted therapies and reduced side effects.
The study uses cryo-electron microscopy to observe the ETB receptor-G protein complex, revealing a strong binding interaction between G protein and ETB receptor. This finding may deepen understanding of endothelin signaling mechanisms and inform the development of new drugs.
A team of researchers at University of California San Diego has identified a biochemical mechanism that can interrupt cellular communication chains, disrupting the signaling pathways related to many diseases. The discovery highlights the importance of growth factors and G protein-coupled receptors in cell signaling.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered that only about 80 amino acids in the β2-adrenergic receptor contribute to its pharmacological properties, with specific residues controlling efficacy and potency. Understanding these molecular origins can help design more potent and efficacious drugs.
Scientists at Medical College of Wisconsin create biased agonists that reduce hallucinogenic effects while preserving therapeutic potential. These compounds, designed to selectively activate serotonin receptors, show promise in treating depression and other mental health conditions.
Researchers propose targeting non-canonical HH/GLI signaling to improve response rate and durability of therapeutic effects exerted by SMO inhibition in melanoma. The findings suggest that combined targeting of hedgehog signaling and BRD4 could provide a novel therapeutic option against melanoma.
Researchers have identified a common amino acid, glycine, as a potential trigger for major depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders. The discovery improves understanding of the biological causes of major depression and could accelerate efforts to develop new medications.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discover that nasal cell receptors activate few G protein molecules to produce a signal, contradicting the mainstream idea of high amplification. The study found that the probability of an odorant receptor activating just one G protein is 1 in 10,000, supporting weak signaling.
Researchers at PSI have developed a platform to measure biased signalling in G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), enabling selective therapeutic effects and fewer side effects. By testing specially designed bivalent ligands, they can bias signalling towards desired pathways.
Scientists have determined the near-atomic-scale structure of GPR158, a brain-cell receptor linked to depression and anxiety. The study offers insights into how to block this receptor as a strategy for treating major depressive disorder.
Researchers found that a balance between dopamine D2 receptors and RGS is crucial for normal long-term memory formation. An imbalance in these molecules is thought to contribute to the development of schizophrenia and dystonia.
The study provides detailed molecular maps of interaction patterns between a GPCR and different G protein subtypes, revealing key features that govern G protein specificity. The sixth transmembrane helix adopts a similar outward shift in the two G protein-bound GCGR structures, forming a common binding cavity to accommodate Gs and Gi.
Scientists from Johns Hopkins Medicine have challenged long-held assumptions about the processing of light in mammalian retinas. The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggests that only 10-20 G protein molecules are activated by one rhodopsin molecule.
Researchers at UToledo discovered that statins can suppress a biological process disrupting cardiac function, potentially altering bodily functions controlled by G protein-coupled receptors. Statins also reduce the ability of migratory cells, such as cancer and immune cells, to travel.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have discovered a new approach to targeted and more tolerable therapeutics for treating disorders like schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. The study found that selectively activating the G protein signaling pathway can enhance motor function while avoiding negative side effects.
Researchers discovered a llama-derived nanobody that specifically targets G beta-gamma signaling, preventing it from activating several other signaling proteins. This approach may provide control over multiple GPCRs and avoid undesired cellular events.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute developed new opioid pain relievers that are as potent as morphine but do not slow or stop breathing, reducing the risk of overdose. The compounds show a spectrum of bias between signaling pathways, providing an opportunity to expand the therapeutic window and administer drugs safely.
Researchers reveal components of rhodopsin and arrestin that form a critical cellular communication network. The discovery provides new insights into how GPCRs interact with signaling molecules, potentially leading to more effective drugs with fewer side effects for diseases like heart failure and cancer.
Researchers at TUM have determined the mechanism of G protein switching, providing insights into the design of new active agents. The study reveals that the open form of the protein is more accessible to active agents than its rigid, closed form.
The National Institutes of Health awards a four-year grant to analyze the molecular signals influencing gene-expression patterns that can lead to heart disease. The research aims to understand the mechanisms of cardiac diseases and identify potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers at Duke Health have discovered a new paradigm for how G protein-coupled receptors activate cell signaling mechanisms. The formation of 'mega-plexes' explains how signals can continue to be sent after internalization, opening up possibilities for targeted drug therapies.
The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) team has discovered a unique anti-diabetes compound that activates the GLP-1 receptor's G-protein pathway, potentially leading to a new type of diabetes treatment. The novel molecule P5 shows promise in boosting glucose tolerance with minimal insulin stimulation.
Researchers created detailed fingerprints of G protein-coupled receptors, revealing complex interactions with signaling mediators. This breakthrough could lead to precise control of therapeutic effects and minimize adverse side effects.
Researchers used a powerful X-ray laser to create a three-dimensional map of a key protein complex, revealing its structure and interactions. This breakthrough provides insights into developing more targeted therapies for diseases like cancer and heart disease.
A study by Nationwide Children's Hospital identified alpha arrestins as crucial regulators of G-protein coupled receptor signaling. Targeting these proteins could lead to more effective and side-effect-free drugs, potentially revolutionizing the pharmaceutical industry.
Researchers have identified a pair of proteins, RGS7 and RGS11, that play an essential role in vision, particularly in dim light environments. The study reveals that these proteins help regulate cells' response to light, enabling the transmission of visual information to the brain.
Researchers have determined the complete three-dimensional atomic structure of an activated GPCR complexing with its G protein, shedding light on transmembrane signaling. The beta-2 adrenergic receptor's function was unknown despite being a key target for anti-asthma and blood pressure medications.
Dr. Oliver Daumke has won the Bayer Early Excellence in Science Award for his work on G proteins, which play a crucial role in cellular signaling pathways and immune response. His research holds promise for developing new strategies to treat diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and flu.
Researchers have elucidated the atomic structure of a major cell signaling pathway, revealing how it converts molecular signals into cellular responses. The study's findings have implications for understanding cancer and developing new treatments.
Researchers at UCSD School of Medicine discovered a novel PLC-epsilon enzyme subtype that activates a second signaling pathway for cell proliferation. This finding may enable targeting the enzyme's second function to prevent pathological responses while preserving its critical physiological roles.
Researchers have discovered a plant cell surface molecule that can halt cell proliferation by acting as both an 'on' and 'off' switch. The discovery sheds light on the complex process of G protein signaling and has implications for agriculture and potentially human diseases.
Researchers deduced the structure of GRK2, a key regulatory enzyme that modulates G protein signaling. The three-dimensional structure reveals three distinct domains capable of performing multiple regulatory functions simultaneously.
Researchers identified a novel class of G proteins in yeast that could play a role in sensing unique signals important for health and disease. The discovery offers potential for developing new drugs targeting G protein-coupled receptors, which are involved in various diseases.