Articles tagged with Longitudinal Studies
A longitudinal study of over 1,000 New Zealanders from birth to age 32 found that people underreport mental illness, and the actual rate of anxiety, depression, and substance dependency may be higher. The study's findings challenge current diagnostic standards and suggest that mental illness may be more common than previously thought.
A new study from the University of Michigan found that working too many hours in the wrong environment can lead to teenagers dating older partners, which is associated with riskier sexual behavior and STDs. High self-esteem and low alcohol use can offset the negative effects of excessive work hours.
A new national study found that low-income children between 11-16 reported having sex, with the average age of first intercourse being 12.77 years old. Boys reported their first sexual intercourse at a younger age than girls.
A recent study found that middle-aged men with strong masculine beliefs are almost 50% less likely to obtain preventative healthcare services. The research suggests that deep-seated masculinity beliefs reduce compliance with recommended health services, and even education level can moderate this effect.
Research shows that approximately 25-35% of American adults are inactive, doubling their risk of developing numerous health conditions. A leading exercise scientist emphasizes the importance of physical activity in delaying mental decline and brain health problems.
A large-scale longitudinal study found that nearly fifty percent of women supervisors reported sexual harassment in the workplace, compared to only one-third of women who do not supervise others. The study also revealed that male co-workers and clients used harassment as a means of control against women in power.
A new study investigates the effects of the Khmer Rouge trials on Cambodians, finding that while most believe justice will be served, nearly 90% experience painful memories. The trials' impact on mental health remains uncertain, with higher rates of PTSD among those who remember torture and murder.
A study found that worsening sleep quality over five years was associated with poorer mental quality of life, while increasing daytime sleepiness symptoms affected both physical and mental quality of life. Objective measures of sleep did not show a significant association with quality of life.
A recent NIH study found that bariatric surgery for extreme obesity has a low risk of short-term complications and death rates. The study, LABS-1, followed 4,776 patients who underwent bariatric surgery for the first time and found that less than 1% died within 30 days.
A longitudinal study found that American teens are more academically disengaged than Chinese peers, with decreased motivation and mastery value over time. The study suggests a cultural difference in prioritizing learning for future success.
The study found that US seniors performed significantly better than their English counterparts in cognitive function, with a decade of ageing equivalent between the two groups. Lower levels of depressive symptoms and higher prevalence of hypertension among US adults may have contributed to this advantage.
Researchers found that high blood pressure, excessive weight, smoking, and diabetes significantly increased the size of the heart's left ventricle over short-term (4 years) and long-term (16 years) periods. These risk factors can be directly targeted for prevention and lowering may potentially lower heart failure burden.
The Canadian Institutes of Health Research is launching a large-scale study to understand common health problems affecting seniors. The two-decade long study will follow 50,000 Canadians and explore biological, medical, psychological, social, and economic factors that impact their health over time.
A large longitudinal study found that early child care and insensitive parenting may have independent and lasting effects on children's development. Children who experienced high levels of stress during early childhood had lower cortisol levels at age 15.
At-risk teens are more likely to seriously consider suicide if a friend of a friend attempts it, but holding summer jobs can be a deterrent. Summer employment is thought to create self-esteem while reducing isolation and substance abuse, and can even prevent the spread of suicidal thoughts among friends.
Research reveals that over 90% of detained youths struggle in their lives, with severe impairment affecting up to 20%. Early interventions and comprehensive services are crucial to address psychiatric disorders, education, vocational training, and social skills.
A new study published in JAMA found that osteoporotic fractures can double or triple mortality rates for up to 5-10 years after the fracture. The risk is particularly high for hip fractures in women and men over 75, with a nearly threefold increase in mortality.
Researchers found that siblings with mental illnesses are 63% more likely to experience depressive episodes, while those with low IQs are 18% more likely to live near their sibling but have lower emotional attachment. Environmental and social factors also play a role in poor mental health among these siblings.
A new study found that adolescents are more likely to smoke when their parents begin smoking at a young age and the smoking persists over time. The study used longitudinal data to identify parental smoking behaviors as predictors of adolescent smoking risk.
A longitudinal study of 540 adults found that approximately one third of Canadians with physician-diagnosed asthma do not have asthma when objectively tested. Obesity is linked to increased asthma rates in North America, but overdiagnosis may be more common than previously thought, particularly among obese adults.
Drinking more than moderate amounts of alcohol is associated with reduced total brain volume and larger white matter lesions. This finding suggests that heavy drinking may not have the protective effect on brain health previously thought, contrary to its effects on cardiovascular disease risk.
A study published in Circulation found that American Indians have a higher incidence of stroke compared to white and black Americans, with first strokes being more deadly. Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, and cigarette smoking.
According to a landmark government study, nearly half of adults will develop painful knee osteoarthritis over their lifetime, with obesity being a major risk factor. The Arthritis Foundation recommends techniques such as weight control, exercise, and self-management programs to reduce pain and disability associated with arthritis.
A German research group found associations between exposure to traffic-related air pollution and the onset of allergic diseases in children. Children living less than 50m from a busy main road were 1-50% more likely to contract diseases like asthmatic bronchitis, hay fever, and eczema.
Research by James H. Fowler and colleagues shows that genes influence voter turnout and a range of political activities, with identical twins exhibiting significantly more similar voting behavior than fraternal twins. The findings also suggest that family upbringing has little effect on children's future participatory behavior.
Older adults experience increased bone loss, but antiresorptive medications can attenuate this process. Researchers found that even in women aged 50-54, bone loss was only 1.3% per year.
A new University of Illinois study found that public school students made significantly greater gains in math scores by fifth grade compared to their Catholic school peers. Public schools rivaled the performance of other non-Catholic private schools, suggesting they are at least as effective in promoting student learning over time.
A study of children with sickle cell disease found a significant decline in lung function over time, with an average loss of 2 percent per year of total lung capacity. The decline is characterized by a restrictive pattern, and certain hemoglobin-beta genotypes are associated with increased risk.
A new study found that children who lived in unstable family situations after their parents divorced fared worse as adults compared to those with stable post-divorce family situations. These children experienced lower education levels, income, and occupational prestige, as well as higher poverty rates.
A new study found that increasing alcohol outlet density in a suburb leads to rising rates of violence. Hotel pubs and bars drove violence in inner-city areas, while packaged liquor outlets were more significant in suburban areas.
A FSU study found that adolescents living with half- or stepsiblings have lower grades and more school-related behavioral problems, which do not improve over time. The study suggests that family composition patterns may not be in the best interests of children involved.
Research suggests that taking anticholinergic drugs may lead to faster cognitive decline in older people, with those on the medications experiencing a 1.5-fold increase in rate of cognitive function decline compared to non-users.
Studies found that people living in deprived areas had significantly worse cognitive function and higher mobility problems compared to those in less deprived areas. The research highlights the importance of adequate healthcare and social care in poorer communities.
A recent study has found that heavy marijuana use is associated with an increased risk of developing periodontal disease. The study, which tracked over 900 individuals, found that frequent cannabis use since age 18 was linked to more than one-third of new cases of gum disease between ages 26 and 32.
A study of 929 Catholic clergy members found no link between statin use and reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease. No association was also found between statins and slowed cognitive decline among older adults.
A new study reveals that approximately 10% of EMTs and paramedics in the US miss work because of job-related injuries and illnesses. The study found that responding to high call volumes, working in urban areas, and having a history of back problems increase the risk of injury.
A study of over 450 children found that nearly 40% have sipped or tasted alcohol by age 10, often in family settings. Children from families where parents drink more frequently are at higher risk, but most parents unaware of their child's experience.
A large study found no differences in parenting practices between recently divorced and married parents, contrary to accepted wisdom. Researchers argue that existing strength-based programs can effectively support divorced parents by building on their existing strengths.
Research by The Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry found that maintaining physical activity in middle age leads to better basic physical abilities as we age. Physical activity is associated with fewer than 13% of people developing physical disability. Weight is not a deciding factor in this benefit.
Most states have implemented NCLB test-based accountability requirements, with three-quarters of schools making adequate yearly progress in 2003-04. However, performance varies significantly across states, with high-poverty and minority schools more likely to be identified for improvement.
A combination of antiretroviral drugs called HAART halted neurodegenerative process caused by HIV, with normal biomarker levels found in nearly half of patients after three months. The study also found significant correlations between high protein levels and dementia in AIDS patients.
Researchers found victims of child maltreatment more likely to perpetrate youth violence and intimate partner violence. The study analyzed data from over 9,300 respondents and found a strong link between childhood abuse and future perpetration of these violent behaviors.
A Northwestern University study found that participants who forecasted a breakup's impact actually felt less distress than expected. Those most in love were the biggest offenders, exaggerating their emotional pain. The research suggests people tend to be more resilient than they think, and recover from breakups sooner than predicted.
A new study from the University of Texas at Austin found obese girls are half as likely to attend college as non-obese girls. The study attributes this disparity to mental health and behavioral issues such as increased risk of suicide, substance abuse, and negative self-image.
Researchers have identified two separate brain networks affected by Parkinson's disease, one regulating movement and the other cognitive function. The study found that standard treatments alter the motor network but not the cognitive network, highlighting the need for new treatments to target cognition.
A study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases reveals 35 genes whose expression patterns correlate with chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms. These findings may provide clues about the disease's underlying nature and potential mechanisms.
A new UCSD study found that eating at least five servings of vegetables and fruits a day and walking briskly for 30 minutes, six days a week, can reduce breast cancer mortality by 50%. The study also showed that this combined lifestyle pattern is effective for both obese and non-obese women.
A University of Alberta study found a link between parental divorce and increased methylphenidate use in Canadian children. The research used data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, which showed a higher percentage of children taking the drug after their parents' divorce.
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that consuming up to one drink a day can slow the development of dementia in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. The participants, aged 65-84, who consumed wine had an 85% slower rate of progression compared to those who never drank.
A study found that adolescents who have friends with high-risk sexual attitudes are more likely to adopt similar behaviors, while those who believe sex has undesirable consequences choose new friends with similar attitudes. The effect of peer influence on adolescent behavior was stronger for females than males.
A study by Purdue University researcher Dan Mroczek found that neurotic men whose levels dropped over time had a better chance at living longer. Those who were highly neurotic and grew worse over time died much sooner than their peers.
A new report published in PLoS Medicine suggests that making small increases to daily exercise routine, such as walking to school, could have dramatic long-term results. Researchers found that doing 15 minutes of moderate exercise per day lowered a child's chances of being obese by almost 50%.
A new study from the University of Missouri-Columbia found that men with higher levels of traditional masculinity tend to display greater improvement in their recovery from serious injuries. The study suggests that this strength and resilience may encourage men to seek help and recover more quickly.
A national study found that adolescents who had sex early showed a 20 percent increase in delinquent acts one year later compared to those whose first sexual experience occurred at the average age for their school. In contrast, those teens who waited longer than average to have sex had delinquency rates 50 percent lower.
A study spanning 25 years found that early attachment experiences influence adult emotional expression and relationship dynamics. Secure infants tend to form closer friendships and express emotions more effectively in adulthood.
A major new study finds that family income affects children's cognitive skills and social emotional competence when parents experience material hardship, not just their income level. Researchers used data from 21,255 American kindergartners to identify two ways family income impacts children, including the provision of enriching materi...
A recent study suggests that the 'probe to bone' test, used to diagnose bone infections in people with diabetes, may not be as reliable as thought. The test, which feels for bone inside a wound, is only slightly better than chance when used alone.
A new study by USC researchers reveals that baby boomer adults are more committed to caregiving their aging parents than their parents were. Adult children's sense of duty towards parents has strengthened over time, contradicting the popular notion of a declining family institution.
A study published in Neurology found that people with Parkinson disease were more likely to make safety mistakes during a driving test than those without neurological disorders. The study involved an on-road driving test of participants with mild to moderate Parkinson disease and those of similar age without neurological disorders.
A new study found that long-term abstinence from alcohol can resolve many neurocognitive deficits, including short- and long-term memory, planning, learning, and comprehension. However, spatial processing abilities may be impaired, affecting daily activities like driving.