Articles tagged with Conflicts Of Interest
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study found that higher-quality Medicare Advantage plans are associated with increased likelihood of enrollment among beneficiaries. The research analyzed data from nearly 1.3 million Medicare beneficiaries and discovered that plans with higher star ratings had more enrollees, particularly those switching plans.
A Johns Hopkins doctor argues that comprehensive guidelines for physicians on disclosing conflicts of interest on social media are lacking. Electronic tags and online profiles could help address this issue, DeCamp says, as physicians' posts can be re-tweeted and potentially biased by financial conflicts.
A study by international researchers found that only one in seven authors involved in off-label marketing activities fully disclosed their conflict of interest in published articles. The analysis examined 26 whistleblower complaints and identified 91 doctors and scientists recorded as being involved, with 39 having authored publication...
New lipid screening guidelines for children are overly aggressive, according to UCSF researchers. The recommendations fail to weigh health benefits against costs and have the potential to label millions of healthy children with so-called dyslipidemia.
A new ethics framework is recommended to manage conflicts of interest in the development of medical guidelines, ensuring expert input without industry influence. The study found that such a framework can help identify and address ethics issues, but further analysis and initiatives are needed.
The editors of PLOS Medicine argue that disclosure policies for financial conflicts of interest in medicine may actually exacerbate the problem of bias. Studies in social science suggest that overemphasis on disclosure can leave the root issue unaddressed.
A study published in PLOS Medicine finds that the revised DSM-5 has been influenced by the pharmaceutical industry, despite a policy to disclose financial conflicts of interest. The authors argue that transparency alone cannot mitigate bias and recommend stricter safeguards to protect the revision process.
Researchers analyzed metal-on-metal hip replacement studies for negative outcomes, finding no bias in results from authors with disclosed conflicts. Despite a trend towards increasingly negative study results over time, the findings support the AAOS's disclosure requirements and peer review process.
The American Cancer Society has revised its guideline formation process to prioritize transparency, consistency, and scientific rigor. The new process involves a systematic evidence review, independent writing group, and clear articulation of benefits, limitations, and harms associated with cancer screening tests.
A new study from Carnegie Mellon University and Duke University found that advisers give more biased advice when dealing with multiple anonymous recipients, especially if they don't know the recipient's name. The study also showed that single, identified recipients receive more empathetic and unbiased advice.
The new policy aims to prevent conflicts of interest among companies competing for business with the Office of Naval Research. It covers three categories: impaired objectivity, biased ground rules, and unequal access to non-public information, requiring companies to identify and resolve potential conflicts.
Major global health foundations have links with pharmaceutical and food corporations that may benefit from foundation grants, raising conflicts of interest concerns. The analysis found all five largest US private/family foundations had endowment investments in these companies.
A survey of over 2,000 US and 1,000 UK doctors found that one in five have experienced incompetent colleagues and nearly three-quarters have sounded the alarm. However, many doctors fear retribution for reporting poor performance.
A survey found that physicians' relationships with industry decreased since 2004 but remain common, with 83.8% of physicians reporting ties in 2009.
A new study found that people tend to trust advice from advisors with disclosed conflicts of interest more than those without, leading to overestimation of property values. Despite the risks, transparency is still desirable when implemented correctly.
A new article proposes a three-pronged strategy to address conflicts of interest in clinical guideline development, emphasizing intellectual and financial conflicts equally. The approach aims to balance expert insights with the avoidance of inappropriate influence from experts with financial or intellectual conflicts.
The American Society of Nephrology (ASN) has published a policy on managing conflicts of interest to ensure responsible partnerships with industry and promote patient care. The policy provides guidelines for medical societies and industry to advance research and education.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine, Duke and Wake Forest suggests that disclosing financial conflicts of interest to research participants may not be sufficient. The study recommends establishing sound policy and practices for disclosure and management of financial interests.
Researchers advocate for clearer conflict of interest disclosures in clinical trials to ensure transparency and fairness. Key findings include the need for institutional review boards and study coordinators to play a larger role in disclosing financial relationships that may impact patient decisions.
A recent study found that nearly one-third of cancer research published in high-impact journals disclosed a conflict of interest, with industry funding being the most frequent type. This suggests that researchers may be biased towards positive findings, and that public funding is necessary to minimize this bias.
A new study found that many academic institutions lack clear policies covering IRB members' industrial relationships, leading to inconsistent reporting and handling of conflicts. The study suggests that more consistent policies and accountability are needed to ensure the integrity and safety of medical research.
A study by Georgia State University found that less than half of IRB policies discuss finder's fees as conflicts of interest. Only 26% of IRBs mentioned potential conflicts when physicians recruit their own patients, highlighting a gap in guidance.
Bias in medical literature can be prevented through recognition and declaration of competing interests, detailed authorship policies, and mechanisms to control outcome reporting bias. The PLoS Medicine editors propose these measures to reestablish the integrity of the scientific record.
A recent study reveals that many US medical schools lack comprehensive policies addressing conflicts of interest related to financial interests of the institution itself or major officials. The study suggests that institutions may need additional support in addressing this issue, and raises questions about the effectiveness of existing...
A new survey by Duke University Medical Center and Johns Hopkins University found that 41% of clinical trial coordinators have experience disclosing financial conflicts of interest, but many feel uncomfortable doing so. The researchers suggest that additional education and training are needed to address these concerns.
Research in Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Park, South Africa, reveals that elephants' preference for marula fruits poses a risk to female Marula trees, which are more susceptible to damage and death. The study suggests that evolution may have favored the development of trees with better resprouting abilities to counter this selective pressure.
A survey of IRB members found that over one-third have financial relationships with commercial firms, which could compromise the review process. The study highlights the need for clearer policies and more oversight to address these conflicts of interest.
A new study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that many major biomedical journals have inadequate conflict of interest policies and practices. The study revealed that less than half of these journals require policies for editors or peer-reviewers and that many do not disclose potential conflicts to readers.
The influence of money on medical science can lead to biased research and compromised results. Full disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is essential to maintain trust in scientific findings.
Independent experts argue that UK's National Health Service (NHS) can be saved through clear planning and implementation by those without personal conflict of interest. The current system is plagued by mismanagement, staff demotivation, and high costs, with privatization unlikely to improve outcomes.
A new study assesses the relationship between financial conflicts of interest and voting patterns at FDA meetings. The analysis reveals that nearly 28% of advisory committee members and consultants disclosed conflicts, often related to consulting arrangements, contracts/grants, or investments.
Researchers found that academic medical centers have varying approaches to disclosing conflicts of interest to potential research participants. While some institutions focus on avoiding legal liability, others aim to provide more detailed information about the nature and implications of financial relationships.
Despite advancements in medical science, academic medical centers face numerous challenges in conducting research. These include managing high public expectations, maintaining public trust despite potential conflicts of interest, and sustaining the cultural norms of academia while partnering with industry. Additionally, researchers mus...
A recent clinical trial study suggests that patients are more concerned with factors such as interest in a new medication and potential health benefits than conflicts of interest. Despite efforts to minimize conflicts of interest, patients showed varying levels of trust in different sponsors.
A study by Alan Cassels and colleagues analyzed newspaper coverage of 5 different prescription drugs in 24 Canadian newspapers. The findings showed that a majority of articles failed to mention potential side effects or harms, while only a small minority provided quantitative information on benefits and harms.
The Declaration of Helsinki 2000 has been criticized for its inadequate revision process, with only 2 weeks available for comment and critique. Key changes include guidance on monitoring and oversight, but also deficiencies in assessing risks and ambiguous wording that may affect application.