Articles tagged with Research Management
New research from the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Southern California found a direct link between supervisors' self-perceived incompetence and aggression. The study challenges previous assumptions that abusive bosses are solely driven by ambition.
Researchers found that focused hospitals deliver lower quality care to randomly assigned patients, measured by higher mortality rates. They also experience longer average lengths of stay for these patients. This suggests patient selectivity is a key driver of the superior outcomes seen at specialty hospitals.
A recent Florida study found that black and Hispanic students are less likely to enroll in advanced courses due to lower scores on eighth-grade exams, but gaps exist between poor and non-poor students. The findings suggest investments before high school age can close these disparities.
Researchers at the Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute found that survival rates for intestinal and multivisceral transplants increased with innovative surgical techniques, novel immunosuppressive protocols, and better post-operative management. The five-year survival rate rose to 68 percent, similar to other abdominal and thora...
Chwen Sheu's paper examines how manufacturing firms foster partnerships to comply with EU environmental regulations, providing guidelines for strategic development. The paper received the top best paper award at the International Conference on Operations and Supply Chain Management.
Christine Bullen received the Stevens Institute of Technology Provost Award for her innovative work in teaching and advising in the university's online WebCampus program. She has also developed a four-course IT Outsourcing program, which has been reported to be invaluable by its graduates.
The Lancet publishes a landmark Series on the current state of surgical research, highlighting its problems and proposed solutions. A framework called IDEAL is introduced to guide surgeons in evaluating new innovations, aiming to identify beneficial procedures at an earlier stage.
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center is developing a transparent coating that mimics the self-cleaning properties of the lotus plant to prevent dirt from sticking to space gear and bacteria from growing inside astronaut living quarters. The coating, made primarily from silica, zinc oxide, and other oxides, offers great potential for use ...
Research shows consumers develop specific rules for sharing personal data online, influencing retailers' data mining practices. Understanding these rules is crucial to improving online experiences and products.
Researchers define 'gut feelings' experienced by GPs as two types: sense of alarm and reassurance. The former involves feeling uneasy about possible adverse outcomes, while the latter means feeling secure despite uncertainty. This definition aims to facilitate future research on the effectiveness of 'gut-compass'.
Researchers found a simple intervention involving monthly follow-up phone calls improved depression care in primary practice. The trial evaluated 626 patients with depression, highlighting the potential of practice-based health care assistants to recognize and react to deteriorating symptoms.
The TCT 2009 symposium will feature a discussion on Electronic Health Records (EHR) and Personal Health Records (PHR), considering selection, implementation, and economics of these solutions. National experts will also address the implications of ARRA and healthcare reform on EHR.
Scott Shappell, a professor at Clemson University, has been elected Fellow of the American Psychological Association for his significant impact in human error research and fatigue effects on performance. He is known for co-developing groundbreaking tools to identify and prevent accidents in high-risk industries.
Researchers at KTH in Stockholm have made new discoveries about the history of the dog, pinpointing its birthplace to Asia south of the Yangtze River in China 16,000 years ago. The findings suggest that the dog descended from a large number of tamed wolves, with several hundred animals involved in its origins.
A three-month practice period of playing Tetris led to greater brain efficiency and a thicker cortex in adolescent girls, with increased gray matter observed in areas associated with critical thinking and reasoning. The study suggests that mental practice may increase cortical thickness and improve cognitive skills.
A recent study published in Journal of Management Studies found that employees who experience perceived injustices at work are more likely to suffer from psychological well-being damage and extreme emotional exhaustion. This can lead to decreased job commitment, increased turnover rates, and a general depletion in employee morale.
Researchers found that apologizing or using a first-person justification can result in lower frequencies of negligence verdicts against auditors. Apologies reduce the need for jurors to assign blame, while justifications influence their perception of the auditor's actions as reasonable and in accordance with professional standards.
The article discusses South Africa's paradox of poor health outcomes amidst high health expenditures and supportive programmes. The authors identify leadership, innovation, and priority actions needed to achieve better health outcomes and tackle pressing challenges such as HIV/AIDS and non-communicable diseases.
A recent study by University of Minnesota researchers reveals that component branding is becoming increasingly important in industries such as transportation. The shift towards visibly branded components gives component makers more power to develop products and influences consumer behavior.
A study led by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center researchers found that regular yoga practice is associated with mindful eating habits. People who eat mindfully tend to weigh less than those who don't, and mindful eating may play a key role in long-term weight maintenance.
States with strict privacy laws have seen a significant decline in the adoption of electronic medical records, with a 24% reduction in sharing. This drop is attributed to the suppression of interactive benefits of EMRs due to regulatory restrictions.
The British Medical Association (BMA) and Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) have endorsed the Wellcome Trust's guidelines for using patient records in medical research. The guidelines prioritize patient confidentiality, advocate for patients' rights, and promote public awareness and understanding of record use in research.
Researchers suggest two-tiered scanning-protocol to inspect all containers, reducing risk of bottlenecks and costs. The current inspection regime is deemed inadequate due to limited capacity and high logistical requirements.
A nationwide survey found that nearly 9 out of 10 adult Americans obtain weather forecasts regularly, with an estimated 300 billion forecasts used each year. The study reveals that most people are satisfied with forecasts and place a high value on them, equivalent to $31.5 billion annually.
A study of 16 married stroke survivors found that their sexual relationships were significantly affected, with blurred gender roles and feelings of anger and frustration. The researchers identified four key recommendations for clinical practice, including nurse education on the physical and psychosocial effects of stroke.
Researchers from Boston University compared three measures of treatment intensity in hypertension care and found that the standard-based method predicts blood pressure control most effectively. The norm-based method was not a valid predictor of blood pressure control due to its non-linear relationship with systolic blood pressure.
A study in Journal of Consumer Research found that India's anti-Coca-Cola movement employs nationalism and swadeshi ideology, invoking imagery of foreign invasion and exploitation. The authors argue that global brands can become symbols of oppression, with implications for multinational corporations and policy makers.
A study on rural tourists' profile in Spanish villages with limited inhabitants highlights the importance of emotional and cognitive aspects of travel. Key factors influencing traveler behavior include historical-cultural wealth, cleanliness, and welcome from local residents.
Scientists from A*STAR's IMRE invented the world's smallest controllable molecule gear of 1.2nm size, revolutionizing molecular machines. The breakthrough was achieved through optimizing molecular design, manipulation and surface atomic chemistry.
A study of online DVD rentals found that customers tend to hold highbrow films longer than lowbrow films, with a 1.3% increase in reversal probability if the first film is more attractive. As customers gain experience, they tend to favor want over should characteristics.
A study by Northwestern University found that engineering students often perpetuate stereotypes of engineers as lone experts, leading to counterproductive practices such as solo work and procrastination. This can harm team-based projects and hinder workplace effectiveness.
Researcher Joseph Redden's study found that recalling past variety can accelerate recovery from satiation, a problem affecting retailers and consumers. Participants who recalled music categories showed significant improvement in enjoying their favorite song after experiencing satiation.
Scientists have successfully regulated the formation of G-quadruplexes by influencing the distance and solution conditions. This controlled self-assembly enables the creation of complex structures with unique characteristics.
Research in Management Science reveals that recommender systems can create self-reinforcing cycles favoring popular items, reducing diversity and serving consumers and producers poorly. To mitigate this issue, designers must consider modifications to limit popularity effects and promote exploration in their recommender systems.
Researchers from Swedish and German scientists found that better water management can significantly reduce future food crises by leveraging both green and blue water. This approach can lift billions out of water poverty and provide a new green revolution in poor countries, even if they face blue water scarcity.
A study by Kellogg School researchers examines how physical characteristics, particularly 'babyfaced' traits, influence perception and achievement among black CEOs. They found that those with more babyface features were perceived as warmer, more competent, and earned higher salaries and led more prestigious companies.
HP's innovative use of operations research tools, including Complexity ROI Calculator and Revenue Coverage Optimization, led to significant bottom line savings and improved customer satisfaction. The company's approach has resulted in hundreds of millions of dollars in cost savings and a more streamlined product offering.
A recent study found that increased immigration-related law enforcement since 2001 unfavorably affected the labor market for low-education, male immigrants from Latin America. Their wages, employment, and hours worked fell relative to similar groups.
Intel was awarded the 2009 INFORMS Prize for its extensive use of operations research to drive significant value and competitive advantage throughout its business. The prize recognized Intel's ability to apply O.R. techniques across various functions, resulting in over $2 billion in improved decision-making.
A recent study by Wrigley Science Institute found that chewing sugar-free gum can help decrease calorie intake from afternoon snacks, controlling appetite and reducing sweet snack cravings. The researchers also discovered that energy levels remained stable throughout the afternoon for gum chewers.
A new study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin found that teams with a 'socially distinct newcomer' are more likely to solve problems successfully. The key factor is not the newcomer's skills or knowledge, but their ability to shake up the group dynamic and create discomfort among team members.
A new study suggests that charging consumers a fee at the time of sale can significantly reduce electronic waste (e-waste) in the US. The approach is found to be more effective than fees upon disposal, increasing manufacturer profits while decreasing e-waste quantities.
A U of Minnesota study finds that fear and romantic desire can dramatically change how people make decisions, with fear leading to conformity and romance motivating uniqueness. This discovery has implications for marketing and advertising strategies.
The new SemountsOnline portal offers improved management of seamount resources and conservation of seamount habitat through its expanded spatial searching tools. Researchers and managers can now access a vast amount of data on seamount biological communities, facilitating a greater understanding of seamount ecosystems.
A recent study found that enterprising school management teams stimulate a development-focussed school culture, resulting in better school effectiveness. The study, conducted by Gerdy ten Bruggencate, analysed data from over 100 high schools in the Netherlands.
A University of Minnesota study reveals that forecasting and backcasting methods can lead to different outcomes in predicting consumer emotions. By changing the order of thinking about a potential event, consumers' expectations of their feelings can be altered.
A study by Indiana University researchers found that yoga practice reduced the fear of falling in older adults, increasing lower body flexibility. The 12-week program also helped alleviate leisure constraints, promoting social and physical activity.
Researchers have identified a second MND-causing gene, FUS, which links to TDP-43 and sheds light on disease mechanisms. This breakthrough has major implications for diagnosis and treatment, offering new avenues of scientific investigation.
Research by Christophe Boone and Walter Hendriks found that IT firms with diverse expertise and work experience tend to be more effective in managing organizations. In contrast, personality diversity hinders firm performance. The study suggests using carefully designed personnel selection techniques to screen for knowledge and experience.
New research from Vanderbilt University provides effective writing strategies for teachers to improve student writers, focusing on planning, revising, and setting clear goals. The studies identify recommendations to boost motivation, incorporate computers into the curriculum, and enhance teacher preparation.
The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) will conduct scientific ocean drilling operations aboard three platforms in 2009. Scheduled operations include riser drilling, riserless operations, and mission-specific operations to explore climate change, sea level change, and oceanic plateau formation.
The 2009 Franz Edelman finalists demonstrate that analytics and operations research can contain spending and increase profits even in lean economic times. The six finalists from the U.S. and Europe used advanced analytical methods to help companies reduce costs, increase earnings, and achieve significant results.
US Department of Homeland Security scientists have developed a magnetic resonance imaging-based system to detect harmful liquids, gels, and lotions in baggage and on passengers. The MagViz system is promising and may eventually replace traditional X-ray systems.
Researchers at North Carolina State University and the USDA have identified alternative fumigants to methyl bromide (MeBr) for tomato production in North Carolina. The study found that while no single alternative can fully substitute MeBr, technically and economically feasible options exist for growers to adopt.
A new study identifies a hotspot for toxic harmful algal blooms (HABS) in the Strait of Juan de Fuca, which can trigger blooms and force shellfish bed closures. The research aims to provide early warnings to protect human health and reduce economic losses due to biotoxin accumulation.
A new INFORMS management insights feature warns that relying on arithmetic means can lead to flawed plans. Non-averaging metrics, such as the artist's maximum sales, are often more accurate and should be used instead.
A new INFORMS study suggests automakers must balance short-term price savings with long-term product life cycle implications when considering outsourcing production. The study finds that in-house development allows for higher performance improvement over the entire product life cycle.
A recent study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that managed-care plans did not improve the quality or outcome of care for patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. The study examined data from over 11,400 cases and found no difference in rates of inappropriate surgery between managed-care and fee-for-service plans.
A University of Minnesota study using fMRI scans found that considering a third, less attractive option can improve preference for the better item. This 'decoy effect' can help consumers make easier choices, reducing negative emotions and increasing sales for retailers.
A new INFORMS study shows that frequent price promotions can harm well-respected brands by diluting their perceived quality. The study found that ketchup makers Heinz and Del Monte experienced negative effects from promotional pricing.