Articles tagged with Research Management
In northwest India, a study found that applying site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) increased average rice grain yields by 17% compared to traditional farming practices. The approach also led to improved nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency, with profits rising about 14%.
A RAND Corporation study analyzed research on disease management programs for six chronic conditions, finding consistent evidence that these programs improve healthcare quality and patient-reported quality of life. However, the study found little to no evidence of cost savings, highlighting the need for further research.
A study by Michelle L. Roehm and Michael K. Brady found that high-equity brands initially face a disadvantage after failure, but may fare better when the issue is severe. This phenomenon can be attributed to a reduction in cognitive resources, allowing customers to focus on resolving the problem rather than re-evaluating the brand.
Leon Schwartz, a veteran member and visiting professor at Yeshiva University's Sy Syms School of Business, has been awarded the INFORMS Fellow Award for his exceptional accomplishments in operations research. The New York Chapter's Moving Spirit Award was also presented to him for his dedicated service to the chapter over 20 years.
Professor Craig W. Kirkwood is awarded the 2007 Frank Ramsey Medal for his significant contributions to decision analysis methodology, applications, and education. The medal honors his work on models of preferences involving multiple objectives, group decision analysis, and computer programs to facilitate learning.
A new study combines data perturbation and query restriction to protect confidential information in statistical databases. The hybrid model provides accurate answers while maintaining online security.
Andrew P. Goldberg, a renowned expert in aging research, receives the 2007 Joseph T. Freeman Award for his contributions to exercise, diet, and metabolism in aging. The award ceremony will take place at GSA's Annual Scientific Meeting in San Francisco, where Goldberg will present a lecture on his work.
Researchers found no real difference in quality-of-life reports between children with bladder abnormalities and healthy children, suggesting a need for fine-tuning existing quality-of-life screens. Children with chronic urological conditions scored higher than healthy children in certain areas, indicating potential adaptability.
Cmdr. Dylan Schmorrow, a pioneer in Augmented Cognition, has received the first Leland S. Kollmorgen Spirit of Innovation Award for his groundbreaking work. He aims to remove technology burdens and enable humans to think more freely, using techniques like brain-computer interfaces.
Researchers have developed a computer solution to cut journey times of courier services, reducing fuel consumption and improving timely drop-offs. The new approach uses a heuristic-based model that can process real-time requests and re-route vehicles to minimize distance traveled.
ISU study reveals forests in Upper Midwest have lost tree species diversity and structural complexity since the mid-1800s. Deciduous trees like aspen and birch have replaced conifers, while smaller trees dominate modern forests.
A genetically engineered eggplant has been developed to resist the fruit and shoot borer, a highly destructive pest causing up to 40% of crop losses in India, Bangladesh, and the Philippines. The Bt eggplant is expected to reduce insecticide use by 30% while doubling yield, benefiting farmers and consumers in South Asia.
A new study by Sudip Bhattacharjee and Ram D. Gopal reveals that file sharing has a devastating impact on lower ranked Billboard albums, reducing their survival time on the chart by 42%. Top debuting albums, however, remain relatively unaffected.
A new study by University of Minnesota researcher Tony Haitao Cui found that focusing on fairness between business partners yields higher payoffs for manufacturers and retailers in a marketing channel. By setting a consistent wholesale price throughout the channel, both firms can benefit from improved market prices.
Floods of '93 and '95 devastated 70% of snake populations, with larger snakes and arboreal species faring better. Ecologist Owen Sexton proposes 'islands in the stream' to provide sanctuaries for displaced species during future floods.
Researchers found that vowel sounds associated with positive attributes make brand names more favorable among consumers. Front vowel sounds were preferred for fast or sharp objects, while back vowel sounds were preferred for large or dull objects.
A new study published in Management Insights reveals that online auctions where all bids are disclosed after the bidding round benefit buyers. The research finds that buyers pay higher prices when only winning bids are disclosed, leading to better outcomes for consumers.
A University of Florida study found that teenage girls who start dieting are twice as likely to begin smoking. Researchers analyzed the dieting and smoking practices of 8,000 adolescents and discovered that consistent dieters were more likely to smoke.
The US Department of Homeland Security's Marine Asset Tag Tracking System (MATTS) uses GPS and data logging to track large cargo ships worldwide. This system helps identify potential security risks, such as explosives or biologic threats, and provides real-time alerts to authorities.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have discovered that a CEO's attention to future events and external activities significantly predicts a firm's early adoption and invention of new technologies. By analyzing annual reports, they found that CEOs who focus on future-oriented language lead to faster innovation development.
A new study is expected to reveal the true cost of persistent pain in Australia, with an estimated 1 in 5 Australians suffering from relentless pain. The research aims to identify priority actions to ease suffering and save healthcare dollars.
A study by Melissa A. Schilling and Corey C. Phelps found that large-scale alliance networks with high clustering and reach enhance firm innovation. The research analyzed 1,106 firms in 11 industry-level alliance networks over a six-year period.
A study from the University of Alberta found that administering HBV vaccine intradermally to HIV-infected individuals who failed to respond initially shows promise, with 50% producing protective levels of anti-HBs. However, this approach is not recommended due to limited success rates.
A new INFORMS-published study reveals that executive stock options significantly increase the likelihood of financial misrepresentation. Approximately 1 in 10 corporate financial restatements are linked to fraud and illegal practices, with a 9% chance of misrepresentation over five years.
A new study is providing community pharmacists with education and advice on controlling blood glucose levels through individual glucose meter uploads. The project aims to determine whether lifestyle advice from pharmacists improves glycaemic control and potentially reduces the burden of Type 2 Diabetes on healthcare systems.
A recent study analyzed 813 studies on meditation's impact on health issues like hypertension and stress. While some types of meditation show promise, the evidence is inconclusive due to poor methodological quality. Researchers call for more rigorous studies to determine meditation's effectiveness.
A new model predicts the danger of flu pandemics by analyzing population heterogeneity. The study highlights the importance of considering individual attributes such as social interaction and susceptibility to infection. Social distancing measures may be effective in limiting the spread of disease, according to the research.
A survey of over 500 US healthcare centers found that VA hospitals more frequently adopted recommendations for preventing central venous catheter infections, including maximal sterile barrier precautions and chlorhexidine gluconate use. This may be attributed to centralized purchasing and communication within the VA.
New research reveals US employees experience up to 50% more bullying than Scandinavian workers, with negative effects on non-bullied employees also widespread. The study highlights organizational and cultural structures that enable and reward bullying, stressing individualism over collaboration.
A study by Juan Alcacer and Wilbur Chung found that more advanced technology companies locate near universities to partner in research. These firms are attracted to regions rich with academic activity, rather than competitor-rich areas.
Researchers found that recovery rates increased over time, with sheltered bay areas supporting recovery of outer-reef sites. Effective local management practices may aid reef recovery, suggesting a promising sign for other regions.
The Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies (JLOS) will be published by SAGE, focusing on the intersection of leadership and organizational studies. The journal aims to provide scholarly understanding of effective leadership application in organizational contexts.
Researchers discovered that ceiling height influences consumer thinking, with higher ceilings promoting abstract thought and lower ceilings encouraging detailed processing. This finding has important implications for retailers seeking to optimize sales persuasion strategies.
The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) has introduced a new bi-monthly feature called OR Forum, which highlights important research in operations research. The first article in OR Forum examines how auction theory fails in practice, specifically combinatorial auctions.
A new study in April Management Insights highlights the risks of pursuing aggressive market share expansion and rapid growth. Firms that adopt such strategies often face losses due to overcapacity when the market saturates, ultimately undermining their competitive advantages.
The study, known as CLAMS, examines ecological, economic, and social consequences of forest policies in the Coast Range. The research found that maintaining current policies will lead to increased old-growth forests and habitat for old-forest species, but may result in declines in diverse early-successional and hardwood forests.
The Franz Edelman Award recognizes outstanding operations research-based projects that have transformed companies, industries, and lives. This year's competition features five finalists from major organizations, including Coca-Cola Enterprises, U.S. Coast Guard, Hewlett-Packard, Chrysler Group, and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
The symposium focuses on conducting oral health research in dental practice, discussing prominent challenges and opportunities. Representatives from PBRNs share experiences on recruitment, training, and study development.
A comprehensive analysis of 17 major studies on intercessory prayer found a positive effect, suggesting that prayer offered for the benefit of another person yields positive results. However, the study also notes that standard treatments should be used as the primary method of treatment for conditions like depression.
A study by the University of New South Wales found that 78% of pedestrian collisions occur when pedestrians are crossing roads without marked crossings, and many people misunderstand right-of-way rules at intersections. The researchers suggest that better education and awareness are needed to reduce road trauma.
The study found that firms with managers having more social relationships with peers at other software start-ups have a better chance of surviving external shocks. Managers who prefer to talk to larger firms, not among themselves, are also more likely to survive.
Research published in Psychological Science suggests psychologists are adopting improved statistical practices, using more graphs with error bars to report their research and estimating effect sizes. The shift signals a step forward in data interpretation, leading to better conclusions.
Emerging research in breast cancer management includes advanced imaging technologies like 3D mammography and MRI, as well as novel vaccines that stimulate the immune system to attack tumors. This new approach aims to alter current screening and treatment paradigms, improving patient care.
Research by Pino G. Audia and Jack A. Goncalo suggests that successful inventors' creative output decreases over time, while collaboration and exploration goals can help manage this phenomenon. The study's findings have implications for R&D managers seeking to boost their departments' productivity.
A study published in Management Science finds that system quality and perceived usefulness are key determinants of information systems (IS) success. The research suggests that developers and managers should focus on improving system quality rather than increasing user satisfaction, as this will lead to greater system use.
A University of Minnesota study found that frequent self-weighing in teenage girls predicts increased rates of binge eating, smoking, vomiting, and skipping meals. The researchers suggest strategies focusing on behavioral change rather than weight may be more helpful for teens.
A new study recommends that brick-and-mortar retailers avoid opening online portals when facing e-tailer threats. The authors suggest that staying true to the original business model is the most effective response in markets where price consistency is crucial.
Research by University of Minnesota professor Kathleen Vohs finds that exposure to money motivates individuals to achieve their own goals, leading to increased self-sufficiency. Conversely, it also negatively impacts behavior towards others, causing people to become less helpful and more stand-offish.
Researchers propose strengthening airport security for all travelers, rather than focusing on suspect profiles, to improve prevention of terror attacks. This approach balances security with the need to minimize delays and inconvenience for passengers.
Researchers developed a model to understand emergency manager decision-making and found that improved data from CASA radars can aid in the design of better training and visualizations. The study aims to enhance emergency management decisions about severe weather.
A new study examines the implications of internet forum manipulation on policy decisions, R&D investments, and consumer trust. Strategic manipulation of online forums can have significant effects on both consumers and firms, highlighting the need for investments in technologies that discourage online manipulation.
Researchers found that investor relations professionals give less information to analysts with unfavorable stock recommendations, hindering their ability to forecast earnings accurately. The study suggests that Regulation Fair Disclosure has reduced exclusionary tactics against analysts who issue negative reports.
A new study by Harvard University researchers finds that diversity training programs have failed to increase minority representation in management positions. In contrast, programs that establish responsibility for diversity, such as equal opportunity staff positions or diversity task forces, have proven most effective.
Management Science has introduced a monthly feature called Management Insights, which provides a digest of important research in business and management. The September issue features studies on airline safety, entrepreneurial risk, and market valuation, offering practical insights for practicing managers.
Researchers explore how new data integration affects educational environments and student outcomes, highlighting the need for better oversight and evidence-based practices. The special issue provides a vital research base for best practices in data-driven education.
Researchers found that community-led management systems, which prioritize local goals and social benefits, are effective in conserving resources and promoting compliance. These systems, often implemented through traditional practices and social barriers, can outperform large marine protected areas in reversing reef ecosystem degradation.
The study found that three practice models were financially sustainable, with enhanced communication between medical and mental health providers improving quality of care. Pediatricians perceived themselves as more efficient in their practices after integration with mental health professionals.
A new study published in The Lancet found that a fertility technique commonly used to help couples conceive is not effective for those with a 30% chance of natural pregnancy. Intrauterine insemination with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was no more successful than expectant management for couples with this high pregnancy rate.
A recent University of Cambridge study found that managerial ability and effort play little part in securing and maintaining high-level jobs. Instead, reputation is largely determined by the team's performance and luck, which can impact job security.
A survey by ARVO found that the major factor limiting the use of human eye tissue is a lack of availability meeting stringent criteria. Researchers are exploring ways to manage the shortage, including working closely with eye banks and clarifying experimental needs.