Articles tagged with Research Management
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Body checking in youth hockey was found to cause relatively few injuries compared to unintentional collisions with boards or players. Despite this, researchers recommend delaying body checking until players are at least 16 years old due to increased injury rates among 13-year-olds.
A new study by University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers found that white-tailed deer in the chronic wasting disease (CWD) zone use very small home ranges, typically half a square mile in size. This suggests that deer may not be spreading CWD through long-distance travel, contradicting previous assumptions.
Researchers Dr. Charles F. Parker and Dr. Eric K. Stern examine the US government's response to al-Qaeda-style terrorism following the 9/11 attacks. They find that increased policy attention has improved capabilities and interagency coordination, but acknowledge significant organizational and human frailties that remain unaddressed.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have shown that IL-1ra protects brain cells from injury and death in laboratory studies. The first small trial of IL-1ra in patients has demonstrated promising results, which may lead to a full trial next year to test its effectiveness.
Nurse practitioners (NPs) were found to prescribe antibiotics more appropriately and in line with clinical guidelines than physicians (MDs) for patients with Medicaid insurance. Increased adherence to accepted clinical guidelines and involvement in quality assurance programs are needed to reduce excessive antibiotic use.
Researchers found that gene Math1 plays a pivotal role in forming neurons important for carrying hearing, vestibular, and balance signals. The gene is required for many components of a neuronal network that coordinates various sensations, including balance and position in space.
Researchers explored how participants' cultural backgrounds shape their entrepreneurial beliefs and practices. They found that cultural values can be both empowering and limiting for entrepreneurs. The study suggests that while ethnicity and culture play a role in entrepreneurship, they are not the sole determinants of success.
Researchers tracked coral reef fish larvae using DNA paternity analysis and marking with tetracycline, finding that one third settled within a two-hectare area near their birth site. This study documents the smallest scale of dispersal for a marine fish species, providing insights into sustainable marine reserve management.
The Wesley J. Howe School of Technology Management has been distinguished as an elite institution in its field, contributing significantly to technology management research. This recognition is a testament to the school's dedication to educating technology managers who can lead and manage innovation.
A study in Manitoba found a socioeconomic gradient in healthcare utilization, with low-income areas experiencing more hospitalizations and ambulatory visits. This challenges the assumption that frequent outpatient care for Ambulatory Care Sensitive conditions leads to lower hospitalization rates.
States that set higher Medicaid payment rates can enhance the program's attractiveness to potential employees, but moderate rate increases have a limited impact on access and use. Reducing fees by five to ten percent may also be an option when state budgets tighten without serious negative consequences.
A study analyzing national surveys found that many patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease are not receiving statin treatment. The authors conclude that education is needed to improve physicians' adherence to evidence-based medicine guidelines for cardiovascular risk reduction.
A study by University of North Carolina researchers finds that routine episiotomy during childbirth does not reduce pain or prevent complications, but may cause more harm. Women who underwent the procedure were more likely to experience urinary and fecal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and impaired sexual function.
GM's innovative use of operations research has saved the company over $2 billion by improving productivity at 30 assembly plants worldwide. The award recognizes outstanding implemented operations research that has had a significant positive impact on GM's performance.
Researchers found that adolescents averaging five minutes of vigorous physical activity per day were leaner and fitter than their peers. This suggests that general exercise recommendations for adolescents should encourage vigorous physical activity to help them maintain a healthy weight.
Marcus Milling received the AGI's prestigious Pick and Gavel Award for his tireless efforts to unite the geoscience community. He has made valuable contributions in research, management, and leadership in both corporate and public sectors.
A recent study found that hospitals are more willing to partner with quality improvement organizations (QIOs), with over 90% reporting QIO interventions had a positive impact. QIOs provide educational materials, benchmark data, and hospital performance data, leading to improved quality of care.
The Franz Edelman Award, presented by INFORMS, recognizes outstanding implemented operations research that has had a significant positive impact on client organizations. The 2005 finalists will compete for a $10,000 prize in Palm Springs, showcasing innovations such as advanced pricing techniques and online product procurement auctions.
Bidding frenzy, a mental state characterized by high arousal and competition, causes consumers to value auctioned products more highly. The study found that English auctions, where bidders compete directly, lead to higher values due to dynamic interaction with publicly available high bids.
A report by the British Cardiac Society highlights the challenges women face in pursuing careers in cardiology due to long hours, lack of flexible training, and sexism. The specialty is losing talented female applicants, with only 9% of those applying for specialist registrar posts being women.
A recent study sheds light on the disparities in pain care faced by minority groups, including African Americans and Hispanics. The research reveals that these individuals often receive inadequate pain management, contributing to worse health outcomes.
The new guidelines provide a simple approach to treating non-ct-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, focusing on risk-factor reduction and lifestyle changes. By following the ABCDE approach, patients can receive comprehensive management with safer and more effective treatment options.
A sacrificial burial found at the pyramid reveals a grisly scene of bloodshed, with clear cultural connections to other burials and new elements. The discovery suggests that state power was celebrated through ceremony and sacrifice, contradicting past interpretations.
Two studies on the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy found that it can lead to significant reductions in child mortality rates, particularly in developing countries. In Tanzania and Bangladesh, IMCI implementation resulted in lower child mortality rates compared to areas without the program.
A study found that intensive continuing education workshops can boost nurses' knowledge of and use of evidence-based practice. This can lead to better patient care and outcomes, with a potential improvement of up to 28%. The research highlights the importance of increasing nurses' knowledge of EBP.
Procter & Gamble has won the INFORMS Prize for its far-reaching integration of operations research into organizational decision making. The company's use of analytics and operations research has contributed substantially to its bottom line over the last decade, driving strategies for manufacturing capacity and distribution networks.
Operations research and manufacturing techniques will improve healthcare delivery by reducing costs and enhancing quality. Techniques such as supply chain management and scheduling systems are being adopted in hospitals and blood banks to reduce delays and improve patient care.
The SIOC and Wiley-VCH will jointly own the journal, while SIOC provides editorial expertise and Wiley-VCH handles marketing and distribution. The partnership aims to increase international recognition and improve services for readers and authors.
Columbia researchers found that patients with thinner or thicker corneas need different IOP adjustments for effective glaucoma treatment. The study's linear correction scale significantly impacted treatment decisions, highlighting the importance of CCT in managing the condition.
Primary-care research is criticized for its weakness, but experts argue that reliable evidence is needed to support clinical practice. Effective primary care research influences clinical practice and improves healthcare. Improved investment in high-quality research is necessary to attract top researchers.
A survey of over 200 respondents found that more than half struggled to keep track of paper documents, losing them at least once a week, compared to electronic information. The study highlights the need for better tools to help people organize their information effectively, regardless of its form or location.
A recent study found that nearly 28% of radiology claims went unpaid, with lost revenue exceeding $20 billion annually. The study suggests that managed care companies are pocketing these funds, limiting patient access and forcing physicians to cease participating with tardy payers.
Researchers found that calcified plaques outside the cranium show symptoms less often and are more stable than noncalcified plaques. This finding can help determine the best treatment approach for patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.
A study published in Agronomy Journal suggests that producers can reduce seeding rates for Roundup Ready soybeans without affecting yield, especially in northern Wisconsin. This approach could be economically viable for farmers in certain regions, but current recommendations may still be suitable.
The Gerontological Society of America offers the $10,000 Maxwell A. Pollack Award to recognize significant contributions to geriatrics and gerontology. Nominations include a resume, narrative, and policy/practice change examples.
Researchers found that bottom gears like dredges and trawls inflict the most harm on habitats and marine vertebrates. The team suggests banning or limiting these gears in sensitive areas.
Researchers have developed a conceptual model examining how young people learn to use and abuse credit cards. They found that parents have the greatest influence on a young person's credit card behavior, with children learning from direct teaching and modeling of their own behavior. The study highlights the importance of understanding ...
Fourteen individuals elected to Soil Science Society of America Fellowship for professional achievements and meritorious service in the field. The award honors outstanding contributions to agronomy and soil sciences.
Thirty individuals have been recognized for their professional achievements and meritorious service in the field of agronomy. The American Society of Agronomy has chosen these outstanding members as Fellows, based on their contributions to advancing the disciplines and practices of agronomy, crop and soil sciences.
Eleven individuals were chosen by the Crop Science Society of America for their outstanding professional achievements and contributions to the field of crop science. The honorees are from various institutions, including the USDA-ARS and universities across the US.
The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) has recognized 2003 Fellow Award winners for their significant contributions to the field of operations research and management science. The recipients include prominent academics, practitioners, and educators in various fields.
A new handbook aims to guide public sector research centers in developing countries on managing intellectual property, providing best practices and supporting materials. The handbook is the result of contributions from authorities in IP management from both developed and developing countries.
Operations researchers at Delta Air Lines used simulations to optimize boarding processes, resulting in a 25% reduction in aircraft turnaround time. The study's findings suggest improved utilization and increased convenience for passengers.
A recent study by UF management professors Timothy Judge and Daniel Cable found that being tall comes with significant financial benefits, including higher pay and increased respect at work. The research analyzed data from thousands of participants and showed that every inch of height can add up to thousands of dollars in annual earnings.
A new model developed by Michael Carter of the University of Toronto has the potential to reduce healthcare costs by $42 billion a year, while providing more services at the same cost. The model uses operations research techniques to optimize hospital operations and improve communication among departments.
The San Clemente loggerhead shrike's federal recovery program has hindered the species' co-existence with island foxes. Researchers propose shifting funds from predator control to habitat restoration to support both species. This approach may enable species co-existence, benefiting conservation efforts.
Researchers evaluated rice varieties for their allelopathic potential, finding that certain parts of the plant can inhibit barnyardgrass growth. This study suggests the possibility of developing rice-based natural herbicides to improve weed control.
A new study by O.R. researchers finds Scandinavian countries exhibit shorter 'time-to-takeoff' for new products, while large European economies lag behind. The authors recommend a 'waterfall strategy' to introduce new products in select countries.
Researchers found that top managers skillfully manipulate director selection to create an image of board independence while retaining a supportive board that seldom challenges their decisions. The study suggests giving stockholders more direct representation on boards to prevent corporate fraud and deception.
The RADAR project aims to develop a system that can save time for its user while improving decision quality. The system will handle routine tasks autonomously, ask for confirmation on others, and produce suggestions that users can modify.
A study by Columbia University and the University of Washington found that pharmaceutical sales reps have modest to very small influence on prescribing behavior. In contrast, distributing drug samples plays a more positive role in contrasting medications and helping manufacturers maintain market share.
New guidelines published in Agronomy Journal provide a standardized approach to soil surveying and mapping, allowing farmers to make data-driven decisions. The technology is expected to revolutionize the agricultural industry within the next one to two decades.
Canadian Pacific Railway has developed a fixed-schedule operating plan that optimizes traffic patterns, resulting in reduced costs, improved service reliability, and increased profitability. The approach also enables better service for customers and sets a new standard for the industry.
A study by University of Notre Dame researchers found that increased use of Decision Support Systems (DSS) leads to lower patient death rates and increased hospital profitability, resulting in over $140 per patient in additional revenue.
A study found that organic production practices had a slight impact on corn and soybean yields, with reductions of up to 19% compared to conventional methods. The organic strategy also had lower production costs, but net returns were equivalent to the conventional strategy.
A study found that selective hunting of male saiga antelopes for their horns is driving the species closer to extinction. The sex ratio has become severely imbalanced, with females outnumbering males by a ratio of 100:1, leading to reproductive collapse and population decline.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have made significant contributions to understanding bear behavior, including the impact of radio-collars on survival rates and the role of dispersal distance in helping bears evade hunters. Their findings also led to the development of a morphometric-based dichotomous key for age identification.
The Arctic Oscillation has strengthened in recent decades, leading to increased warmth over the Northern Hemisphere. Recent computer-model simulations suggest a possible link between the AO and global warming.
Kirk Johnson's latest discovery of the rainforest in Denver provides answers to key questions about ancient landscaping and will aid scientists in predicting groundwater availability. The rainforest, one of the oldest-known on earth, is now on display at the DMNS, accompanied by a Web site and book.
The study found a 92% decline in risk of future Exxon Valdez-like spills after implementing risk management measures. The Prince William Sound team estimated the probability of accidents involving oil tankers and identified key risks, such as tanker collisions with fishing vessels.