Researchers at the University of Arizona found that Lehmann lovegrass, an invasive species introduced in the 1930s, remains unchanged despite controlled burns. The study suggests that fire is not effective in reducing the spread of non-native species, forcing land managers to explore alternative methods for controlling the invasive grass.
The Los Angeles Latino Eye Study investigated the prevalence of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension in Latinos. The study also explored changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness after acute primary angle closure. Additionally, researchers examined the impact of cataract on frequency-doubling technology perimetry results.
Ehrlich proposes the creation of a Millennium Assessment of Human Behavior to examine the ethical dimensions of human culture and its impact on the environment. The panel would aim to reconcile different values and explore ways to reduce inequality, promote sustainable lifestyles, and address global challenges.
Experts recommend developing a research-supportive culture, recruiting more PhDs and MD/PhDs, and leveraging institutional resources to expand imaging research. The goal is to enhance research in academic radiology departments and secure research funding.
Researchers found that buffelgrass, an invasive non-native species, grabs water before foothill palo verde trees can, ultimately killing them. The grass reduces the available water to trees, exacerbating drought conditions and causing self-pruning, a natural defense mechanism for the trees.
A study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that MRI revealed more extensive fractures in patients with greater trochanteric fractures than X-ray imaging alone. This allowed for better treatment planning and informed decisions on surgical versus nonsurgical treatment.
A new minimally invasive approach to upper lumbar fusion surgery has been developed, reducing the risk of complications and improving patient outcomes. The procedure, which involves a direct lateral approach through the psoas muscle, offers several practical advantages, including minimal muscular retraction and bleeding.
A study found that Requip significantly reduced Periodic Leg Movements (PLMS) in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), leading to improved sleep latency and fewer awakenings. The medication also effectively reduced PLMS to normal levels for more than half of the patients.
Research found that parents' regular soft drink intake relaxes rules for their kids, leading to higher consumption rates. Soft drinks are also strongly associated with TV time and availability at home or school.
Researchers used glycan microarrays to explore novel immunologic targets for SARS-CoV. The study found undesired autoantibody reactivity against human serum glycoprotein ASOR, prompting concerns over the safety of whole-viral SARS vaccines.
The federal government's investment in Canadian biomedical and health research has yielded significant results, including a 50% increase in licenses, 200% increase in income, and 40% increase in new spin-off companies. The funding has also led to increased international recognition and participation in global projects.
The US Navy has successfully upgraded its free electron laser to a record-breaking 10 kW power level, enabling new possibilities in manufacturing, medical research, biology, and basic physics. The upgrade marks a significant milestone in the FEL program's development and opens doors to various applications.
In Harare, Zimbabwe, cancer survival rates are disturbingly low, with black patients facing significantly lower survival rates than white patients. The study's findings highlight the need for better access to early detection and treatment methods.
Researchers have identified nearly 100 genes linked to cancer, shedding light on the processes driving disease progression. The study highlights the potential of targeted therapies and early detection methods to manage cancer.
Researchers found that angiotensin-(1-7) significantly slows the growth of three human lung cancer cells in laboratory tests. The hormone is thought to regulate cell growth by reducing rapid proliferation and increasing cancer cell death, offering a potential new treatment approach for lung cancer.
Physiology aims to appeal to a broader audience with innovative features and artwork, showcasing the most up-to-date physiological research. The journal's design and editorial team are committed to making the content more accessible and readable.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have successfully controlled the directional growth of single-crystal gallium nitride nanowires, enabling precise tuning of their physical properties. This capability has significant implications for the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Researchers have successfully harnessed energy from plankton using a new type of fuel cell, generating up to 10% of the energy associated with plankton decomposition. This technology could extend survey missions for months or years without battery replacements.
A review of 18 studies found that hypnosis-based smoking cessation programs were more successful for men than women, with a 7 percent advantage. Researchers suggest gender differences in quitting smoking may be the reason behind this disparity.
Astronomers at ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT) recorded the spectrum of a bright meteor in 2002, providing insights into meteor emissions and atmospheric chemistry. The spectrum revealed telltale emissions of oxygen and nitrogen atoms and molecules, as well as constraints on the role of atmospheric chemistry when life started on Earth.
A new study shows that consuming isolated soy protein can slow down the progression of diabetic kidney disease and improve coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study found a significant reduction in urinary albumin levels and an improvement in HDL cholesterol levels among participants who consumed soy protein.
Researchers developed a novel imaging process using neutrons, providing better resolution and penetration than visible light. The microscope has potential applications in biology, particularly with samples containing hydrogen.
A new study suggests that iron therapy given to patients with kidney disease may have negative side effects, including exacerbating progressive renal damage. The study found that the level of toxicity depends on the type of iron formula used, highlighting a need for safer alternatives in treatment.
A new project led by Newcastle University aims to examine the ecosystem consequences of bleaching on coral reefs. The research team will analyze changes in reef fish assemblages over five to 15 year time scales at sites in the Western Indian Ocean and Australia.
Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered a way to produce germanium nanocomposite materials using diatoms, single-celled algae found in ocean water. The method operates at room temperature and could lead to more efficient and cost-effective production of electronic devices.
Researchers found abnormalities in brain activity among people with normal IQs who have autism, indicating a deficiency in coordination among brain areas. The study proposes the underconnectivity theory, which suggests that autism is a distributed system-wide disorder limiting integration among brain areas.
A University of Utah study found that insect consumption by insects keeps dominant tree species under control, allowing other trees to thrive. This increased diversity is crucial for the ecosystem's health.
A recent study by Boston University researchers found that urban areas experience a longer growing season than surrounding rural regions, with the onset of spring and end of winter dormancy differing by up to eight days. The urban heat island effect plays a significant role in this phenomenon.
Researchers discovered that nucleosomes can move to different spots in the genome, enabling efficient gene expression and regulating gene activity. This chromosomal remodeling process allows cells to turn genes on or off as needed.
The UK's Healthcare Commission, led by Ian Kennedy, has been criticized for its flawed star system and lack of transparency. The commission's ratings have been shown to be based on incomplete data and do not accurately reflect the quality of care provided by NHS Trusts.
A meteorite from Oman has been precisely dated to 3.9 billion years ago, revealing its lunar origins and providing new insights into the moon's history. The discovery sheds light on the moon's evolution, including a key impact event that formed the Imbrium basin.
The study aims to understand the health effects of air pollution and cardiovascular disease, recruiting 8,700 participants in nine communities across the US. It will examine subclinical measures of atherosclerosis and clinical cardiovascular events, incorporating factors like diet and exposure to second-hand tobacco.
Studies suggest that over-the-counter 'Plan B' emergency contraception may lead to increased risk-taking behaviors and reduced comprehensive healthcare access for US women. The drug has an 11-25% failure rate, resulting in additional pregnancies and abortions.
Researchers at NIH/National Institute on Aging created synthetic prions that caused neurological disease in mice, distinct from other strains of prions. The study sheds light on the conversion process leading to dementing diseases like Creutzfeldt-Jakob and Alzheimer's.
A University of Colorado at Boulder research team has located a massive body of rock that sank into Earth's mantle 3.5 million years ago, allowing the Sierra Nevada mountains to rise. The study used high-tech instruments to image the geology to 125 miles below the surface.
Scientists have developed a technique to detect protein interactions using firefly luciferase. The method was tested on human proteins interacting with the antibiotic rapamycin and showed accuracy and selectivity. The technique also demonstrated its potential in studying other protein pairs linked to cell life cycle regulation.
A new study reveals that Argonaute2 is the key enzyme responsible for RNAi-mediated messenger RNA cleavage in mammals. The findings suggest that Argonaute2 provides the 'Slicer' activity necessary for siRNA-targeted mRNA cleavage.
Researchers found that urban areas can extend plant growing seasons by 15 days compared to rural areas. Urban heat islands also cause plants to bloom 3 days earlier in spring and last 8 days longer in the fall.
A groundbreaking study by Mount Sinai School of Medicine found that the combination of Pegasysα and Copegus significantly improved treatment response rates for patients co-infected with HCV and HIV. The study showed a sustained virological response rate of 40% among all patients, with even higher efficacy rates for those with genotypes...
A Yale researcher found six common patterns among women who successfully maintained weight loss for at least a year. These patterns involve recognition of problems, taking control of behavior change, and incorporating new habits and support systems.
A study found that financial incentives encouraged Hawaii's 13 hospitals to implement a cardiovascular guidelines program, which led to improved follow-up care for patients with cardiovascular disease. The program resulted in significant improvements in secondary prevention of coronary artery disease in Hawaii.
Researchers discovered that a human protein called Apobec3G began evolving to defend against viruses in primates over 30 million years ago, suggesting HIV is a newcomer to this conflict. The study provides insights into the genetic mechanisms of HIV prevention and potential new targets for treatment.
The project aims to advance scientific research against bioterrorism agents and emerging infectious diseases through a unified proteomics data management system. The system will store proteomics information from six Proteomics Research Centers, providing free public access and enabling direct queries.
Scientists have discovered a unique bi-modal distribution of particles in noctilucent clouds, which may be caused by atmospheric gravity and tidal waves. The San Andreas Fault Observatory project aims to drill into the fault zone to better understand earthquake generation and faulting processes.
The Swift satellite will pinpoint the location of distant gamma-ray bursts, studying both the burst and its afterglow. It may uncover new clues about the burst mechanism and provide a bonanza of cosmological data, including information about supermassive black holes.
A new study has compared the efficacy of tacrolimus ointment and pimecrolimus cream in treating atopic dermatitis. The results show that tacrolimus ointment worked better for all severities of atopic dermatitis, including mild sufferers and severe patients. The six-week study involved 1,056 patients, aged 2 to 15, with mild to severe AD.
Researchers at Arizona State University have successfully moved water molecules by light using nanotechnology, amplifying the 'lotus leaf effect' to overcome hysteresis. This discovery could speed development of microfluidic devices for pharmaceutical research and analysis.
Scientists at UCSF created a large fragment of the normal prion protein, which they then folded into an abnormal shape to induce infection. The study demonstrates that misfolding a particular segment of the normal prion protein is sufficient to transform it into infectious prions. This finding provides new insights into spontaneous pri...
Researchers find two new species of worm that feed on whale bones, using symbiotic bacteria to digest fats and oils. The worms, Osedax frankpressi and Osedax rubiplumus, are closely related to hydrothermal vent worms and have unique features such as feathery plumes and green roots.
Researchers found specific features like nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status were more frequent in inhalational anthrax cases. Mediastinal widening or pleural effusion on a chest X-ray were the most accurate predictors of anthrax. Studies using prospectively collected data are needed to corroborate or modify these findings.
A new study by Mount Sinai School of Medicine researchers found that combining three therapeutic modalities increases the percentage of high-risk patients who are free from recurrence after five years. A three-pronged approach that included brachytherapy, external beam radiation therapy and hormonal therapy produced an 86 percent rate ...
A UK study found that a significant proportion of people with type 2 diabetes are managed solely through diet, receiving inadequate monitoring and care. This highlights the need for better routine surveillance and consistency in clinical practice to address the high rate of complications among these patients.
A study found that preschool children's storytelling skills are linked to their later math abilities, particularly their ability to relate events and switch perspectives. The research suggests that building strong storytelling skills early on may help prepare children for math when they enter school.
A survey in 2000 showed a decrease in tuberculosis prevalence of around a third compared to the original survey in 1990. China aims to reach the UN Millennium Development Goal of halving TB prevalence between 2000 and 2015 with its expansion plans.
Researchers characterized intermediate states in protein folding at an atomic level, a crucial step towards predicting protein structure and improving drug design. This breakthrough could help understand errors in folding linked to diseases like cystic fibrosis and Alzheimer's.
A team of researchers found that impaired Kv4.2 ion channels in neurons can lead to increased excitability and seizure frequency in epilepsy. Inhibiting the ERK enzyme may provide a new therapeutic target for treating this condition.
A recent study by Ohio State University's Sharon Sassler found that most people who live together do so due to financial reasons, convenience, or housing needs. Couples rarely cite getting married as the primary reason for cohabiting, instead citing factors like attraction and practicality.
A multi-center study found that consistent condom use halves the risk of recurrent PID, reducing chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Women using condoms were also 60% less likely to become infertile.
F. William Studier develops a new method that simplifies the production of proteins in parallel, allowing for efficient biomedical research and industrial production of proteins for various applications. The new autoinduction system enables automatic protein production without human intervention, leading to increased protein yields.
Researchers discovered a cluster of 60 nerve cells choreographing the courtship ritual in male flies. Interfering with these cells resulted in reproductive failure and abnormal behaviors, supporting the idea that basic circuitry mediates attraction and mating across species.