Two new studies found evidence of a large volcanic eruption in 1809 that contributed to the coldest decade on record. Researchers analyzed ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica, as well as stalagmites in Turkey, to shed light on this event. The findings challenge previous theories on climate change and provide valuable insights into ...
A large nationally representative study found that up to 20% of US children have suboptimal vitamin D levels, with Hispanic and black children at particularly high risk. The researchers recommend vitamin D supplements for all children, especially those in high latitudes, to improve health outcomes.
Researchers capture high-speed footage of tiny water droplets jumping off a man-made surface, similar to the ejection of spores from certain mushrooms. The phenomenon has applications in energy harvesting and thermal management, offering an efficient mechanism for removing condensate.
The American Society of Plant Biologists has launched 'Teaching Tools in Plant Biology' in The Plant Cell, a monthly online feature with regularly updated sets of teaching materials on important themes in plant biology. Peer-reviewed tools are designed for upper-level undergraduates but can also be adapted for introductory courses.
A large series of 91 patients found that performing capsule endoscopy did not interfere with images captured by devices like pacemakers. The study, presented at the American College of Gastroenterology meeting, suggests that capsule endoscopy can be safely used in elderly patients with implantable cardiac devices.
A Mayo Clinic study found that Clostridium difficile infections are rising in outpatient settings, with a higher proportion of cases in younger populations. The study suggests that antibiotic use may be contributing to the increased incidence and severity of C. difficile infections.
The world's largest congress on ion therapy brought together leading experts to discuss the latest scientific and clinical developments in radiation therapy. The meeting marked a significant milestone in the technology and clinical application of ion radiation, with over 70,000 patients worldwide treated so far.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that giant volcanoes played a pivotal role in an ancient ice age and mass extinction. The volcanoes released massive amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing global warming before stopping, which led to the ice age.
A study led by Penn researchers identified a molecular pathway in the brain that causes cognitive impairment due to sleep deprivation. Reducing the concentration of a specific enzyme using PDE inhibitors reversed cognitive deficits, including impaired focus and memory.
Tropical Storm Lupit is transitioning to an extra-tropical storm, while Tropical Storm 23W is approaching Saipan with sustained winds near 40 mph. The storms are being tracked by the US Navy's Joint Typhoon Warning Center.
A new study finds that a 7-day course of levofloxacin, omeprazole, nitazoxanide and doxycycline (LOAD) is more effective in eradicating Helicobacter pylori than a similar treatment with lansoprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin. The therapy is also found to be equally effective when reduced to 7 days.
The article discusses the need to shift focus from tertiary care services to cost-effective brief interventions for earlier stages of alcohol use disorders. Health systems in low- and middle-income countries currently prioritize treatment, but this approach is often ineffective.
A Dartmouth study has found that patients taking immunosuppressive drugs such as glucocorticoids may be at higher risk of developing bladder cancer. The research examined the long-term use of glucocorticoids in 786 bladder-cancer patients and 1,083 control subjects, revealing a potential link between the two.
Researchers found genetically modified squash are more susceptible to bacterial wilt disease due to increased feeding by cucumber beetles. The study suggests that the fitness advantage of virus-resistant crops comes at a price, with unintended consequences for biodiversity.
Middle-aged women have experienced an increase in heart attack prevalence over the past two decades. However, their chances of survival following a heart event have also improved, with women under 55 experiencing the largest reduction in mortality rates compared to men.
A study found that anti-VEGF treatment for wet age-related macular degeneration can lead to increased intraocular pressure in patients without a family history of glaucoma. A new low-cost vision screening method, using an auto-refractor and pre-made eyeglasses, has shown promise in improving vision for millions in developing countries.
A new community engagement process has been developed to enable residents to contribute their essential knowledge to emergency planning. This approach recognizes that people on the ground may have critical insights into potential problems with emergency plans, which can be overlooked by experts.
Researchers identified a cellular pathway by which alcohol promotes cancer progression through the activation of EMT in colon and breast cancer cells. This mechanism may contribute to the increased risk of these cancers associated with alcohol consumption.
Researchers recommend screening people over 40 for PAD due to its association with heart disease and stroke. The study found 17 cases of PAD among 362 volunteers, highlighting the importance of aggressive treatment and prevention strategies.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University are developing automated methods to discover astrophysical phenomena by analyzing massive amounts of cosmological data. These methods will enable scientists to identify larger patterns in observational data, providing insights into the evolution of the universe. The initiative aims to capitaliz...
A study found that three months of vigorous physical activity in older adults with type 2 diabetes improved the elasticity of their arteries, leading to a reduced risk of heart disease and stroke. The participants showed an impressive drop in arterial stiffness after just three months of exercise.
Researchers found Botox injections significantly improve chronic pain control in patients with CRPS, while breast reduction surgery reduces lower back stress. Increased testing of removed tissue may lead to higher cancer detection rates in older breast reduction patients.
Research by Dr. Beverly Goodman exposed geological evidence of four tsunami events at Caesarea, including one from the Santorini volcano eruption in 1500 BC and others caused by underwater landslides. The findings suggest that local tsunamis could have reached 5 meters high and damaged coastal communities.
A study found South Asian Canadians have less access to physical activity opportunities and develop coronary artery disease earlier than white Caucasians. Simple yet effective ways to incorporate physical activity into daily life can help mitigate this risk.
Researchers discovered mantis shrimp eyes can convert linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light, a crucial function in CD and DVD players. This natural mechanism works across the entire visible spectrum, outperforming human-made quarter-wave plates.
Researchers at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation have made a groundbreaking discovery that could help treat traumatic injuries and severe diseases. They found an antibody that can counteract histones' deadly effects on blood vessels, potentially preventing uncontrolled bleeding and fluid buildup.
Glaucoma clinics face challenges in providing follow-up care to patients from diverse ethnic backgrounds, with long wait times and interpreter issues cited as major barriers. To address these issues, researchers suggest streamlining appointment procedures and resolving wait time and language obstacles.
Dr. Shelagh Coutts, an Alberta neurologist, is developing a new brain scanning technique using CT scans and angiograms to rapidly diagnose mini-strokes. The technology has the potential to predict which patients are at risk of having a second stroke.
A CSHL-led team discovered a rare mutation on human chromosome 16 that dramatically increases the risk of schizophrenia. The mutation is associated with an eight-fold increased risk, and studies also found a correlation between 16p11.2 mutations and head size.
Researchers at UC San Diego have identified a key protein promoting pulmonary arterial hypertension and developed a drug therapy to block its effects. The treatment, using γ-secretase inhibitor, reversed the disease in mice, offering new hope for patients with this debilitating condition.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab developed the first acoustic hyperlens, allowing for 8-fold magnification of sound-based imaging technologies. The device resolves details smaller than one sixth the length of the waves themselves, enabling new applications in medical ultrasound and underwater sonar.
A large study found that obese patients with established cardiovascular disease are less likely to reach recommended targets for blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Obesity was also associated with poorer control of HDL levels, but not LDL-cholesterol targets.
Studies suggest ophthalmologists should suspect visual variant Alzheimer's in patients with unusual or severe vision problems, particularly difficulty reading. Nearsighted individuals may be less susceptible to diabetic retinopathy due to reduced risks associated with longer axial length and deeper anterior eye chamber.
A new study has found no significant gender differences in rates of chest discomfort or 'typical' symptoms such as arm discomfort, shortness of breath, and sweating. Female patients were more likely to have both classic symptoms of a heart attack and throat, jaw, and neck discomfort.
Research reveals that Caucasian college women are more likely to exhibit binge eating behaviors than African American women. The study found that African-American students were less likely to meet criteria for binge eating and had less severe symptoms, but shared similar predictors such as depressed mood and feelings of fat. This dispa...
A study by North Carolina State University found that inhaling carbon nanotubes affects the outer lining of the lungs, causing a unique health response. The effects were short-lived, with the immune response and fibrosis disappearing within three months.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience reveals that Mst3b, an enzyme previously identified in the lab, is essential for regenerating damaged axons in both peripheral and central nervous systems. The findings suggest that activating Mst3b could lead to a possible treatment for brain and spinal cord injuries.
Researchers discovered a connection between rare testicular tumors and severe childhood genetic disorders, suggesting that older fathers' genetic mutations may increase the risk of affected children. The study highlights the role of 'selfish' mutations in sperm production, which can lead to serious conditions in offspring.
Researchers present findings on experimental stem cell therapy for peripheral nerve injuries, suggesting adipose-derived stem cells may aid in healing. Additionally, a study on liposuctioned fat for breast augmentation finds the procedure to be safe and effective with excellent long-term graft survival.
Researchers followed 79 patients with migraine headaches for five years after surgery, finding promising outcomes for treating trigger sites. The study found that 88% of remaining patients maintained initial positive response to surgery, with 29% experiencing complete elimination of migraines.
A gene therapy treatment has successfully restored vision in five children and seven adults with Leber's congenital amaurosis, a group of inherited blinding diseases. The treatment uses genes to produce light-sensitive pigments in the back of the eye, allowing patients to navigate low-light environments and perform daily activities.
Gene therapy has been shown to improve vision in children with Leber congenital amaurosis, a severe form of inherited retinal degeneration. The treatment resulted in significant improvements in both subjective and objective measurements of vision.
Researchers at Caltech have created a nanoscale crystal device that confines both light and sound vibrations in the same tiny space. This enables the manipulation of sound and light waves with frequencies as high as tens of gigahertz, opening up potential applications in lightwave communication systems, biosensors, and more.
A study led by Brigham Young University professor Katie Liljenquist found that clean-smelling environments, such as those with citrus-scented Windex, can improve ethical behavior. Participants in clean-scented rooms were more likely to return a higher share of money in a trust game and show greater interest in volunteering.
Researchers determine the three-dimensional structure of Pur-alpha protein, essential for normal neural function, and gain insights into its molecular function. The findings provide a possible basis for developing an effective therapy for Fragile X tremor/ataxia syndrome.
A recent study by the University at Buffalo's Research Institute on Addictions found that adolescents with conduct disorder symptoms are more likely to exhibit problem gambling behaviors. The study of 2,274 youth between 14-21 years old showed a strong correlation between increasing conduct disorder symptoms and problem gambling symptoms.
The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation issues an advisory for cardiopulmonary transplantation programs to address novel 2009 H1N1 influenza. The advisory provides guidelines for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of H1N1 flu in transplant recipients and donors.
Concurrent imaging of metabolic and electric signals in the heart reveals a dynamic relationship between multiple cardiac variables. The new dual-camera system allows for rapid setup, dichroic image separation, and high spatial resolution, enabling correlative multimodal cardiac imaging.
A new national network, TETRAD, will create a large database of treatment-response data and repository of DNA and blood cells from RA patients. This effort aims to predict which drugs will work best for individual patients and improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of current treatments.
Cleavage rejuvenation, DIY cosmetic therapies, and Botox breast lifts are making headlines, with plastic surgeons raising concerns over their safety. The ASPS conference features discussions on the latest information on cosmetic gynecology, laser liposuction, and new fillers like Selphyl.
Researchers found that non-adherence to inhaled corticosteroid therapy is a significant issue in difficult-to-treat asthma patients. Women and those with lower quality of life scores were more likely to be non-adherent. Developing better objective tests for non-adherence is crucial, according to Dr. Liam Heaney.
Adult survivors of childhood cancer have a higher risk of suicidal thoughts even years after treatment, according to a study. Health problems in adulthood are strongly linked to suicidal thoughts in survivors, with poor health and chronic conditions increasing the risk.
Research published in the UK-based urology journal BJUI found that women exposed to DDT spraying were more likely to have sons with urogenital birth defects, which can cause missing testicles or problems with their urethra or penis. The study suggests that prolonged exposure to DDT may increase the risk of these defects.
Neurologists at the University at Buffalo are conducting a research study to test the possibility that chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is the underlying cause of multiple sclerosis. The study aims to evaluate the velocity of blood flow through brain vessels and extracranial veins using Doppler ultrasound.
Typhoon Lupit is forecast to move northeast, weakening due to cooler waters and wind shear. The storm will continue crawling at a slow pace, causing prolonged rain over northern Luzon this weekend.
The March of Dimes has established two new awards to honor established scholars in perinatal ethics and encourage young researchers to enter the field. These awards will focus on moral issues before, during, and after pregnancy, including reproductive technologies and neonatal care.
The Center for Social and Cognitive Networks will investigate social interactions, trust levels, and technology's impact on relationships. Rensselaer researchers will collaborate with top academic and corporate partners to build a firm scientific basis in network science.
A Spanish researcher analyzed wolf feces and found that 62.8% of prey was roe deer, while domestic sheep and goats only made up 7.7% and 2.9%, respectively. The study suggests that wolves do not prioritize easily available prey like domestic animals.
The ARVO Foundation for Eye Research and Pfizer Ophthalmics are honoring Dr. Carl B. Camras with a series of awards recognizing excellence in early-career researchers working on novel vision research. The awards aim to support the development of innovative treatments and prevention strategies for eye disorders.
A team of scientists has gained a better understanding of how Leishmania donovani parasites evade the human immune system, leading to chronic infection. This breakthrough could potentially lead to new treatments for visceral leishmaniasis, a fatal disease affecting millions worldwide.