Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have identified a germ-killing power in the eyes' keratin protein, which can effectively combat bacteria such as Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The synthetic molecules derived from this protein show promise as low-cost therapeutics against various infections.
Active video gaming is linked to higher energy expenditure in children, increasing heart rate and oxygen uptake by up to 263%. This can contribute to improved physical activity levels and calorie burn.
A University of Colorado study shows that bladder cancer patients with high CD24 expression have worse prognoses and may benefit from anti-androgen therapies. CD24 expression depends on androgens, and blocking these hormones may diminish the proliferative and metastatic power of bladder cancer cells.
New research finds that identifying oneself as part of the same group can improve memory of members of another race. In three experiments, participants showed better memory for members of their own group than others, regardless of race. This effect was especially pronounced when people were motivated to serve a collective goal
Scientists at the University of Nottingham have discovered a low-cost new material called NOTT-300 that can capture CO2 and SO2 with high efficiency and selectivity. The material has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to a low-carbon economy.
A medical record review study found that a correct diagnosis of sporadic Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease was often delayed due to misdiagnoses, with an average of 3.8 misdiagnoses per patient. The study suggests that improving early and accurate diagnosis is valuable for public health reasons.
Researchers developed an advanced optics system to noninvasively map out the network of tiny blood vessels beneath the outer layer of patients' skin, potentially revealing telltale signs of disease. The imaging system shows promise for clinical application in diagnosing and treating skin cancer.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered a link between bone marrow and inflammatory bowel diseases, such as colitis and Crohn's. The study suggests that targeting the bone marrow's ability to produce inflammatory cells may help alleviate symptoms of these conditions.
Researchers at MU developed a technique using bacteriophages to selectively kill harmful bacteria in water treatment facilities. This method could save taxpayers money by reducing cleaning costs and has potential applications against deadly antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
The James Webb Space Telescope's primary mirror is composed of 18 hexagonal-shaped assemblies weighing over 40 kilograms each. The delivery of the first two mirrors marks an important step towards the telescope's integration and fulfillment of its scientific potential, enabling study of distant galaxies and the universe's formation.
Researchers at Arizona State University found that ants use collective decision-making to handle complex choices, beating individual selection. By sharing the load, colonies avoid mistakes made by solo animals overwhelmed by too much information.
A clinical trial has begun to evaluate DEX-M74 as a treatment for hereditary inclusion body myopathy, a rare degenerative muscle disease. The study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of DEX-M74 in patients with progressive muscle weakness.
New investigation reveals surprising flexibility in finches' beak development, with different species sharing same developmental pathways yet producing unique shapes. This discovery offers new insight into the adaptability of birds to fill various ecological niches.
Female family physicians in Canada are practising differently, working fewer hours and seeing more patients with longer visits, but younger male physicians also work less than older counterparts
Researchers developed a new nanotechnology that detects micrometastases in mouse models of breast cancer, marking them for early diagnosis and treatment. The technology uses nanochains to target cancer cells with integrins, allowing doctors to guide surgery or deliver cancer-killing drugs directly to the cells before a tumor forms.
Researchers at UC Berkeley discovered that corneal epithelial cells express small antimicrobial peptides to defend against bacterial infection. These peptides prevent bacteria from binding to epithelial cells and are crucial in protecting the eye against infections, as evidenced by mice lacking cytokeratin 6A being more susceptible.
Researchers at Kansas State University have designed a membrane-bounded vesicle formed entirely of peptides that can safely deliver drugs to specific cells in the body. The peptide vesicles offer advantages over existing drug delivery systems, such as improved stability and durability.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that there is insufficient evidence to support medical interventions in adolescents and young adults with autism. Key findings include the potential benefits of antipsychotic medications in reducing problem behaviors, but limited effectiveness for vocational interventions.
Women born preterm face a significant increase in pregnancy complications, with risks rising for more premature births. The study, led by Dr. Anne Monique Nuyt, analyzed data from 7,405 women and found that one in five pregnancies involve complications for women born before 32 weeks of gestation.
A new study tracked brain growth in human and chimpanzee fetuses, finding that human brains begin to show remarkable differences after 22 weeks of gestation. The findings suggest a faster rate of brain growth in humans compared to chimpanzees.
Researchers have discovered how chemical agents bind to and detect amyloid beta plaques and tau tangles in the brain, enabling quicker diagnosis and earlier treatment. The study's findings will speed the development of new imaging agents, providing potential benefits for patients with early Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers developed EvoD to sift meaningful variants from thousands of mutations in personal genomes, improving diagnostic accuracy. The technique capitalizes on comparative genomics and exome analysis, showing promise for detecting functionally damaging gene variants associated with Mendelian diseases.
Researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute engineer a new kind of DNA barcode that can come in an almost limitless array of styles, allowing for vastly more vital information to be gathered from cell samples. The method harnesses the natural ability of DNA to self-assemble, enabling low-cost and robust cellular imaging.
A new study in The Journal of Urology presents promising results on the use of MRI to assess eligibility for active surveillance in men with clinically low risk prostate cancer. The findings suggest that clear tumor visualization on MRI is predictive of disease status upgrades on confirmatory biopsy, highlighting the potential of MRI t...
Rice University researchers create new process to manufacture stronger glass through chemical vapor deposition, enabling materials with twice the strength of current glass.
A low-cost sun protection intervention, including mailed kits with resources and educational activities, led to higher frequency of sun-protective behaviors among children. The study found significant gains in sun-protective behavior and awareness across all measures.
Researchers at Arizona State University and Norwegian University of Life Sciences found that resveratrol extends honey bee lifespan by 33-38%, reducing food intake. The compound triggers a moderation effect, making bees less sensitive to sugar concentrations.
A USC study indicates that at least 8% of childhood asthma cases in LA County can be attributed to traffic-related pollution within 250 feet of busy roadways. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through policies and near-roadway exposure can maximize health benefits. The research suggests a link between urban air pollution, including nit...
A new study by WSU geneticist Patricia Hunt and colleagues reveals BPA can damage chromosomes, disrupt egg development, and increase the risk of miscarriages and birth defects in rhesus monkeys. The research bolsters earlier findings on reproductive effects in rodents and raises concerns about human exposure to this common chemical.
NASA's Aqua satellite revealed powerful thunderstorms around Hurricane Miriam's center on Sept. 23, triggering the storm's rapid intensification. The satellite's infrared data showed cloud top temperatures exceeding -63 Fahrenheit (-52 Celsius), indicating uplift and heavy rainfall.
A Montreal-based research team has identified genetic patterns in ovarian cancer tumors that relate to patient survival after initial surgery. The study found that patients with mutant p53 protein had longer survival rates compared to those without.
A new study reveals that young cancer survivors frequently forego routine medical care because of financial constraints. Despite having health insurance, they face significant cost burdens, which can lead to unmet health needs.
Researchers have demonstrated a less-expensive way to create textured nickel ferrite (NFO) ceramic thin films, which can easily be scaled up for manufacturing needs. The new technique allows for the creation of NFO thin films with an aligned crystalline structure, maximizing their magnetic properties.
Bioengineers from UC San Diego are playing a key role in the NIH's new metabolomics program, which aims to accelerate diagnosis and disease treatment. The project will analyze millions of microorganisms living within the human body, providing insights into their role in health and disease.
A study of 48 German families found that treatment for alcoholism significantly reduced family costs directly related to a family member's alcoholism. After twelve months of treatment, average costs attributable to alcoholism decreased from 20.2% to 4.3% of the total pre-tax family income.
The Cancer Genome Atlas study identifies four main breast cancer subtypes defined by PAM50, with diverse genetic and epigenetic alterations converging into these phenotypes. The study's findings advance understanding of breast cancer biology and support the use of PAM50 as a gold standard for categorizing breast cancer by subtype.
A randomized controlled trial found that combining healing touch and guided imagery significantly improved PTSD symptoms in returning active-duty Marines. The study reported substantial clinical reductions in depression and cynicism, with scores decreasing by 14 points below the clinical cutoffs for PTSD diagnosis.
Tropical Storm Nadine is physically turning its direction, heading back to the west-northwest and away from land. NASA's Global Hawk flew over the storm, collecting data on wind speeds and cloud top temperatures, indicating strongest thunderstorms and heaviest rainfall in the northeast.
Researchers discovered that EGFR inhibitors and synthetic compounds can reverse memory loss in fruit fly and mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests blocking EGFR signaling prevents memory loss by preventing beta-amyloid proteins from activating the receptor.
A study of Medicare data found wide variation in antibiotic prescribing for older adults based on region and season, with the South having the highest use and West the lowest. The study highlights the need for targeted quality improvement initiatives to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use.
A study published in the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience found that brain white matter can change and adapt in response to long-term learning processes. Using diffusion tensor imaging, researchers observed significant structural changes in adults learning a complex skill over time.
Using 3D time-lapse imaging, scientists have discovered that plant roots twist and buckle to generate force and push through barriers, allowing them to grow in difficult soil conditions. The study sheds new light on the mechanics of root growth and reveals a previously unknown connection between root geometry and force generation.
The Brazilian Ministry of Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), and Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) Latin America have partnered to develop new therapies and diagnostics for neglected diseases. This partnership aims to boost innovation in the field and provide new health tools to Brazil's public health programs.
A recent study reveals that basal-like breast tumors and ovarian tumors have similar genetic origins, suggesting potential for shared treatments. The research found unique genetic signatures within each subtype, highlighting the need for personalized cancer therapies.
Researchers found that constraining world trade is unlikely to help combat climate change, as emissions mainly originate from the production process of imported goods. The US current account deficit and China's energy mix are significant contributors to CO2 transfers.
Mayo Clinic researchers have developed an efficient editing toolkit for customizing zebrafish genomes, eliminating a bottleneck in biomedical research. This breakthrough enables targeted genetic modifications for studying human diseases, including modeling point mutations and regulating gene expression.
A University of Utah study found that periodic changes in winds 15 to 30 miles high in the stratosphere influence deep-sea circulation patterns, affecting Earth's climate. The research revealed the North Atlantic as a sensitive area where warming or cooling from the troposphere can trigger downwelling events.
A study of 200 major international water-related projects identified existing and emerging challenges, including insufficient management, urbanization, and climate change. Investing in science and strengthening the science-policy interface can help reduce risks and inform decision-making.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute developed a new technique to synthesize complex terpenes, a crucial step towards cheaper and fully synthetic cancer drugs like Taxol. The breakthrough mimics a natural biochemical phenomenon that allows cells to make these compounds, overcoming significant challenges in organic chemistry.
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) has awarded 16 new centers with integrated oncology and palliative care accreditation. A new study from Italy highlights the underuse of adjuvant analgesics in cancer pain management, emphasizing close patient follow-up.
Scientists found evidence that early microbes colonized land 2.75 billion years ago, producing oxygen and weathering minerals. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that life was limited to oceans during this period, suggesting a more significant role for microorganisms on land.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered a molecule necessary for producing nylon using genetic changes found in cancer tumors. This breakthrough enables environmentally friendly adipic acid production from cheap sugars.
A UC San Diego study has identified a human gene called Human Schlafen 11 that produces a protein blocking the replication of HIV in infected cells. The research may lead to diagnostic tests and therapeutic drugs to prevent AIDS progression.
A study by NIH/National Cancer Institute reveals shared genomic features between high-grade serous ovarian cancer and one subtype of breast cancer. This similarity suggests that the two cancers share a common molecular origin, facilitating comparison of therapeutic data.
Researchers at Harvard University have successfully controlled the behavior of worms by manipulating their neurons with precise laser beams. By hijacking key neurons, they can instruct the worm to perform specific actions, such as turning in a desired direction or responding to fake sensory inputs.
A new study finds that climate change could lead to significant changes in Pacific ecosystem distribution, affecting thousands of marine animals and coastal communities. Some species, like loggerhead turtles and sharks, may face harsh impacts, while others, such as seabirds and tunas, may benefit from shifting habitats.
Researchers at MDC Berlin-Buch identified subpopulations of B cells with activated Myc genes, essential for germinal center formation and maintenance. These findings shed light on the origin of B-cell lymphomas derived from germinal centers.
A team of researchers identified genetic causes of the most common form of breast cancer, Estrogen-Receptor positive Luminal A subtype, providing clues for new therapeutic targets. They also found a molecular similarity between basal-like breast cancers and high-grade serous ovarian tumors.
Researchers at Mount Sinai identified reliable predictors of pain in inpatients, enabling interdisciplinary teams to develop targeted intervention plans. These plans resulted in decreased pain levels and increased patient satisfaction across various departments, with reported pain levels decreasing by 3.6% per quarter.
A new study reveals racial differences in how body mass index affects blood pressure in children, with black children showing a greater impact. Black children's blood pressure was 8% higher than white children's, suggesting targeted prevention strategies may be necessary.