Researchers developed a new approach that uses a single PET scan to assess PD-L1 positive tumors, enabling personalized cancer treatment. The study demonstrates the feasibility of this non-invasive method, which may help guide treatment decisions and assess treatment response.
A common rheumatoid arthritis treatment, lefluonamide, lowered blood glucose levels and reversed insulin resistance in mouse models of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that this therapy could be repurposed as an effective antidiabetic treatment for patients with both diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.
New studies suggest that concentrating control measures in high-incidence districts and areas surrounding cholera victims' homes can significantly reduce the disease's impact. By targeting these hotspots, Africa could cut its cholera burden by 50 percent.
Researchers found that high glucose levels are associated with a higher risk of heart attack and kidney dysfunction in people with prediabetes. The study suggests that identifying and treating this group can lead to significant reductions in cardio-metabolic risks.
Wolbachia blocks viral replication in mosquito cells by degrading viral RNA, with XRN1 playing a key role. The bacterium's ability to prevent disease transmission depends on the virus's replication rate.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a method to identify the presence of radioactive materials like uranium and plutonium in building materials. The technique uses brick samples to detect the presence of these materials and can be done in days, not weeks.
A recent study reveals that almost one billion viruses and more than twenty million bacteria are deposited daily in high-mountain areas via atmospheric rain washout and gravity sedimentation. The research finds that viruses tend to adhere to smaller organic particles, while bacteria stick to mineral particles from the Sahara Desert.
A large US trial found that calcium supplements may increase the risk of serrated polyps, which are less common than conventional polyps but have the same risk of developing into cancer. Women and smokers were at higher risk when exposed to calcium supplements.
Researchers develop novel cell culture strategy to investigate early stages of HPV infection, revealing key genetic information about viral life cycle. The approach enables high infection rates in keratinocytes, allowing for the study of HPV's role in cancer development.
A new diagnostic method uses corneal microscopy to detect nerve damage in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study found that corneal nerve density is lower in those with type 2 diabetes, with increased reduction over time.
Researchers from MIPT studied a nanofibrous scaffold's interaction with rat cardiac cells, finding cardiomyocytes envelop fibers on all sides, while fibroblasts only touch one side. This study contributes to heart tissue regeneration and regenerative medicine.
A meta-analysis of 43 controlled trials found school-based mental health services effective for elementary-aged children, particularly targeting behavior problems. The study suggests increased support and training for school staff is crucial for the success and sustainability of these services.
The Genomic Ascertainment Cohort (TGAC) will allow researchers to recall genotyped individuals and investigate the influence of their genes and gene variants on phenotypes. The NIH will establish a new database of 10,000 human genomes and exomes, enabling predictions of conditions caused by specific genes or variants.
Researchers analyzed unique data from high-energy proton collisions to understand the mechanism of hadronization. They found evidence of a quark-gluon plasma exhibiting liquid-like properties, which can help improve our understanding of particle physics and the universe's early moments.
Researchers have developed comprehensive computer models of cortical neurons that accurately replicate their activity. These models can be used to understand how different cell types differ from one another and may eventually be applied to model neurological disorders such as epilepsy or Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists developed a model predicting methylmercury presence in small headwater ecosystems. They also discovered a new combustion strategy to increase gasoline-powered car fuel efficiency. Researchers successfully wrote precise metallic structures narrower than a cold virus for nanofabrication applications.
Researchers found that constant media coverage increased vaccinations by 79% in the Jewish population and 71% among high socio-economic subgroups. Positive media sentiments also prompted an increase in polio vaccines, while negative sentiments had no noticeable effect.
Two University of Houston researchers are investigating estrogen's potential as a cause of cervical cancer. Using CPRIT funding, Sanghyuk Chung is examining the role of estrogen receptor alpha in stromal cells surrounding cancer cells, which may lead to a targeted therapy for cervical cancer treatment.
A new study led by researchers at the Nara Institute of Science and Technology found that plants use SOG1 to repair DNA damage, but unlike p53 in animals, SOG1 targets genes involved in immune response only to fungal infections.
Researchers discovered that older adults naturally tap into this strategy to bolster memory when remembering becomes difficult. They unknowingly move their eyes in the same pattern over and over again, even when looking at a blank screen.
A TGen-led study found that ponatinib significantly delays tumor growth and reduces tumor volume in SCCOHT, suggesting it should be tested for use in clinical trials. The rare form of ovarian cancer has a dismal two-year survival rate of less than 35 percent and affects young women and girls.
Researchers studied Leishmania species and strains in Iraq's hot border region, finding most cases match an Iranian strain. The study highlights the need for control programs to stop the spread of leishmaniasis, a disease that infects millions worldwide.
A study suggests that consuming fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon and sardines, may lower the risk of multiple sclerosis. Researchers found a 45% reduced risk of MS among those with high fish intake compared to those with low or no fish consumption.
A new startup, Borês Technologies, is working on low-power-consumption electronics that will enable the haptic revolution in mobile technologies. The technology has the potential to change the way people interact with their electronic devices and with each other remotely.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified a new electrocatalyst that efficiently converts carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, a highly energetic molecule. Single nickel atoms were found to catalyze the reaction with up to 97% efficiency, paving the way for recycling CO2 for usable energy and chemicals.
Researchers trained visual neurons to control a computer-generated tone and a robotic arm using neuroplasticity. The connections from the cortex to the striatum were key to this learning, representing a feedback loop that may be essential for learning and memory throughout the brain.
Researchers found that a compound enhanced protein trafficking reduced amyloid beta and Tau protein production in brain cells. The study suggests targeting endosomal network defects as a promising strategy against Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers analyzed sediment data to find that mudrock is rare in the first 3 billion-year record of sediments but common after the middle Paleozoic era. The steady increase of mudrock suggests a relationship between its emergence and that of plants.
Rare scientific discoveries and inventions garner higher citation rates through exploratory research, suggesting reallocation of funding to risky projects. Collaboration enhances novelty, with teams being 38% more likely than solo authors to bring new ideas into familiar domains.
A new study from McMaster University suggests that smartphones and data centers will be the most damaging information and communications technologies to the environment by 2040. The research highlights the significant emissions impact of the ICT industry, driven primarily by production and operation.
A review of available evidence found that pregnant women can safely engage in up to 35 minutes of high-intensity aerobic exercise at air temperatures of up to 25°C and 45% relative humidity. They can also participate in hot baths or saunas for up to 20 minutes without reaching the recommended core temperature limit of 39°C.
A new classification of diabetes has been discovered, which can predict the risk of serious complications and provide tailored treatment suggestions. The study, published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, reveals that type 2 diabetes consists of several subgroups, each with unique characteristics.
A new study found that 'dominance' smiles, which signal disapproval, increase physical stress and challenge social standing. In contrast, 'reward' and 'affiliation' smiles, which reinforce behavior, facilitate or maintain social bonds.
Scientists have achieved a world record for trapped-ion logic gate precision, reaching accuracy of 99.8% and speeds of up to 60 times faster than previous records. The breakthrough could enable practical quantum computing by scaling up the system.
Researchers found that prenatal exposure to androgens had no significant association with girls' time spent with either boys or girls. However, girls with classical CAH spent more time in male-typical activities and less time in female-typical activities. This study suggests that gender development is a complex process influenced by bo...
Using multiple methods to manage pain during and after joint replacement surgery was associated with a decrease in opioid use, opioid prescriptions, and common complications. Multimodal therapy reduced opioid prescriptions by up to 18.5%, respiratory complications by 19% and gastrointestinal complications by 26%.
Researchers created a sustainable wood carbon sponge material by treating balsa wood, making it highly compressible and suitable for strain sensing and various applications. The material's unique structure provides exceptional mechanical and fatigue resistance, outperforming most reported compressible carbonaceous materials.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet identified a mechanism that blocks nerve fiber regeneration in spinal cord injuries, leading to permanent functional deficits. By inhibiting scar formation, they found improved functional recovery in mice, offering new hope for treating this devastating condition.
The American Academy of Otolaryngology has released an updated guideline for treating hoarseness, recommending earlier evaluation by an otolaryngologist and discouraging the use of unnecessary medications. The guidelines aim to reduce variation in care and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at KAIST identified the basic principle of electric wind in plasma, a phenomenon that can create air movement without mechanical movement. The team found that space charge drift following streamer propagation is the main cause of electric wind, with electrons playing a key role in certain plasmas.
The Hastings Center Report has published a new article examining the ethics of rationing healthcare resources through inconvenience. The authors argue that under certain conditions, this approach can be ethical and even preferable to direct rationing. Meanwhile, another author highlights the potential downsides of this practice, includ...
Research suggests that medical school textbooks widely used in North America contribute to racial bias through underrepresentation of dark skin tones. The study analyzed over 4,000 human images and found that only a few percent of photos featured dark skin tones.
A new study found that while ecosystems can bounce back from large-scale disturbances, complete recovery is elusive. Passive recovery, which involves halting damaging practices, may be a more effective strategy than active restoration, especially for systems that don't require significant added help.
A new study from the University of Georgia highlights the need for humanitarian aid groups to be trained in safe infant and young child feeding protocols following natural disasters. Exclusive breast-feeding is recognized as the safest form of infant feeding, but alternative formula feeding can be dangerous due to contamination risks.
A new study by Duke University neuroscientists used electrical brain activity to predict depression vulnerability in mice, finding different networks of brain activity were linked to depression-like symptoms. The results may lead to a predictive test for mental illnesses like depression and could inform treatment strategies.
Researchers have created a massive 13 million-person family tree using genealogy data, revealing trends in marriage, migration, and longevity. The study found that people are more likely to marry fourth cousins than seventh cousins, and that women in Europe and North America have migrated more than men.
A University of California study found native wildflowers stored up to 201% more seeds underground during a drought, compared to exotic grasses which decreased by 52%. This adaptive strategy helps them survive in variable climates.
Research by NICM Health Research Institute and Western Sydney University finds effective childbirth education programmes can reduce caesarean births, saving the healthcare system millions annually. The study suggests antenatal education could reduce birth-related healthcare costs by up to nine percent.
Researchers created a massive crowd-sourced family tree analyzing 86 million public profiles from Geni.com, uncovering trends in migration patterns and genetic relatedness. The study found females migrate more than males, and couples born between 1800-1850 showed increased marital distances despite higher genetic relatedness.
A Washington State University research team has developed a technique to greatly strengthen permeable pavements by adding waste carbon fiber composite material. The recycling method reduces energy consumption and chemicals, making it a critical factor for recycling waste materials.
Scientists at University of Illinois create artificially intelligent ocean predator called Cyberslug, which reacts to food and responds to its own kind like the actual sea slug Pleurobranchaea californica does. The virtual creature has simple self-awareness, relating motivation and memories to external world perception.
A study published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics refutes the idea that climate change leads to civil war in Africa due to food scarcity. Instead, conflicts are driven by competition over abundant food resources, with most armed groups unable to sustain themselves and instead seeking control over local food supplies.
Jizhong Zhou, a renowned researcher at OU, has made significant contributions to understanding the role of microbes in environment, climate change. He is recognized by the ESA Fellowship, reflecting the quality of OU's faculty, students, and staff.
A study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that adults with food allergies face unique challenges in daily life, including anxiety and social exclusion. Openness to experience was the biggest predictor of these issues, highlighting the importance of personality traits in coping with a food allergy.
Physicists develop new method to precisely characterise extremely short light pulses, allowing for detailed information about electron place of origin in novel materials. This enables study of superconductors and topological materials, crucial for quantum computing and energy-efficient processors.
Researchers found elevated mir-24-3p in breast cancer patients destined to metastasize despite best available therapy. High expression of mir-24-3p correlated with poor survival rate and specific gene expression signature in TCGA.
Researchers at MSU have discovered a new way viruses assemble themselves and eject DNA into host cells, with potential applications in medicine and biotechnology. The study focused on the Acidianus tailed spindle virus, which can change shape to interact with its host cells.
A new study from Stanford Medicine found that female soldiers who give birth within six months of returning from military deployment face a higher risk of having a preterm baby. The study also found that women giving birth soon after deployment are younger, with lower education and pay.
A new study from the University of Portsmouth found that people who are more image conscious tend to support more crowdfunding campaigns. The research also showed that funders with public profiles containing photos engage in significantly greater levels of visible funding activity.
Researchers at Concordia University developed a method to optimize energy consumption in buildings, reducing carbon emissions by 59% while cutting costs by 75%. The study used hydro-powered heat pumps and lake cooling as renewable energy sources, demonstrating the potential for net-zero energy usage.