A team of doctors and engineers developed a noninvasive device that measures brain metabolism using an infrared laser, enabling faster and more certain concussion diagnoses. The technology could guide treatment for serious brain injuries and other conditions, improving patient outcomes.
Researchers at Washington State University and UMass Amherst will explore the role of bacterial fragments in regulating sleep and circadian rhythms. They aim to determine how these fragments affect brain functions, including sleep, cognition, mood, and appetite.
Gary M. Shaw, DrPH, receives the SPR's Douglas K. Richardson Award for his significant contributions to child health research. He has made substantial contributions to understanding genetic and environmental risk factors for human birth defects.
The updated atlas provides detailed profiles for 14 shark species, including bull and tiger sharks, and significantly extends their known ranges and movements. The data collected through the Cooperative Shark Tagging Program has filled in gaps in the geographic distributions and movements of most shark species.
A novel HIV antibody, 1-18, has been identified as a highly potent and effective treatment option. Unlike other antibodies, it prevents the development of viral resistance, maintaining suppressed viral loads for extended periods.
A new 10-week program called GripTape aims to help young people find their way in life. Researchers will examine its effectiveness and underlying mechanisms to clarify why it works for whom.
A team of scientists led by Prof. Dr. Christian Schachtrup found that fibrinogen inhibits the neuronal differentiation of NSPCs, leading to increased astrocyte formation and reduced scars. By reducing fibrinogen levels, they were able to block astrocyte formation from NSPCs.
Melodie French has earned a prestigious National Science Foundation CAREER Award to support her research on the physics responsible for earthquakes. The grant will enable her lab to study rocks exhumed from subduction zones, characterizing the strength of rocks deep underground where plates meet.
Low birth weight is linked to poor cardiorespiratory fitness in young adults. The study found that babies born at term weighing more than average had better fitness levels, with a 7.9-watt increase for every 450 grams of extra weight.
Researchers extracted DNA from museum specimens using a vortex fluidic device (VFD), accelerating the process from days to hours. The breakthrough enables exploration of historical and extinct species' genetic information, shedding light on human impact on ecosystems.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation has awarded $231,000 in funding to 16 postdoctoral scientists conducting innovative cancer research projects. The Fellowship aims to encourage promising young scientists to pursue careers in cancer research.
A team from Universitat Rovira i Virgili developed an algorithm that makes accurate predictions and generates interpretable models. This allows for a better understanding of the data, reducing biases in original data and providing valuable information for scientists.
A study of Medicaid expansion enrollees in Michigan found a six-point increase in employment or student status in one year, with larger gains seen among African-Americans, men, and those with low incomes. The findings suggest that expanding Medicaid coverage can help achieve fuller employment among low-income residents.
Researchers analyzed ancient fats and lipids in pottery from the Amur River in Russia, dating back 16,000-12,000 years. The study reveals that separate groups developed similar technological solutions to process food during periods of major climatic fluctuation.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh discovered that mechanical cues can drive goblet cell regeneration on the surface of frog embryonic organoids. The study, published in Nature Communications, shows that changing the stiffness of the environment can induce significant changes in cell behavior. This finding has implications for...
Researchers are developing long-acting formulations for malaria and TB prevention, as well as a single-injection cure for hepatitis C. The project aims to improve patient adherence and reduce disease transmission in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers found that corrugated pipes can interfere with bat echolocation, causing them to become disoriented and abandon roosts. In a study, bats successfully navigated through tunnels with smooth pipes but struggled with those containing raised rings, leading to the conclusion that such spaces create significant difficulties for bats.
A large meta-analysis of SGLT2 inhibitor trials found consistent cardiovascular benefits in diverse subsets of patients with type 2 diabetes, including those without established cardiovascular disease. The study showed a significant reduction in major adverse cardiac events, cardiovascular deaths, and hospitalizations for heart failure.
The University of Washington's new WE-REACH center aims to support biomedical entrepreneurs and provide project funding for up to six startups per year. The center, funded by the NIH, will focus on innovative disease treatments, new drugs, and health technologies.
Researchers analyzed genetics of schizophrenia in South African Xhosa population, finding rare genetic mutations linked to the disorder. The study sheds light on potential mechanisms for effective treatments and informs understanding of schizophrenia across human populations.
A new study by the University of Bath and Essex found that 90% of Remainers and Leavers agree on important topics such as poverty, climate change, and housing. The research suggests that there is more to unite them than divide them, challenging the popular perception of a deeply divided society.
A study by the University of Nottingham found that sharing information on sustainable features increases consumers' positive emotional connection to food. The researchers tested Bambara Groundnut-based products and discovered that participants rated them higher when told about climate change and sustainability issues.
Scientists at TU Graz have successfully manufactured super magnets with high relative density and controlled microstructures using 3D printing technology. The developed process enables efficient material use by tailoring magnetic properties according to the application, making it a promising alternative to rare earth metals.
A new IU study found that Medicaid expansion has increased access to substance use disorder treatment, but it did not lead to a detectable increase in hiring attempts to expand the treatment workforce. The study analyzed job postings in the sector from 2010-2018 and found shifts in the types of occupations being hired.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have discovered the mechanism behind HIV's resistance to a widely-prescribed group of drugs. By exploring the structure of integrase using cryo-electron microscopy, they found that the virus can weaken the bond between the drug and its target, enabling its key enzyme to work again.
A new study from George Washington University found that many dermatologists lack preparedness training for biological disasters. The survey of 200 dermatologists revealed only 28.9% received training in disaster preparedness and response.
Dr. Lindsay Burrage receives the SPR's Young Investigator Award for her research on urea cycle disorders, a paradigm for understanding rare diseases and developing new therapies.
A clinical trial found that IV drugs can rapidly restore normal heart rhythm in patients with acute atrial fibrillation without sedation or shocks. The study showed that both drug-shock strategies were equally good at restoring normal heart rhythm and getting patients home the same day.
The study measures dynamic physical properties of human aortas and finds that age impairs their proper functioning. The researchers aim to design grafts capable of mimicking native aorta behavior, improving patients' quality of life.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a method to computationally design the optimal gas sensor array using metal-organic frameworks. This enables the creation of an electronic nose for detecting air pollutants and diagnosing diseases by measuring gases in a patient's breath. The framework assesses how well different co...
Researchers at Emory University found that mixing different molecular sizes of polymers within a solution increases the ability of a thin film to stretch without breaking. This discovery holds implications for improving industrial processes like oil flow through pipes and foam clearance in streams and rivers.
A study by TUM found that higher biodiversity increases economic value, but only up to a certain point. Adding more species beyond this threshold doesn't produce significant benefits. Instead, a medium level of biodiversity is often most beneficial for ecosystem functionality and risk diversification.
A new cryptocurrency-routing scheme, Spider, has been developed to boost the efficiency of certain networks designed to speed up blockchain transactions. This routing scheme lets users invest only a fraction of funds in each account, allowing for roughly four times more transactions before rebalancing on the blockchain.
Researchers at University of Waterloo have developed a novel approach called FLAIR, which optimizes data storage systems by utilizing all servers within a network. This leads to improved storage efficiency and output speed, resulting in faster data retrieval times up to 97%.
A new study by University of Colorado Boulder researchers found a 6% increase in fatal car crashes during the workweek following daylight saving time. The risk is higher for those living on the western edge of their time zone, where sleep deprivation and darkness can contribute to crashes.
Researchers found that cannabis enthusiasts have a disconnect between their beliefs about the drug's medicinal use and empirical evidence, with most failing to accurately answer questions on its effectiveness for various medical conditions. The study also revealed a lack of awareness about potential risks associated with cannabis use.
A recent study by KU Leuven researchers has discovered a link between a defective ATP13A2 gene and cell death in Parkinson's disease. The study found that the gene plays a crucial role in transporting polyamines, essential molecules supporting various cellular functions.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology found that breastfeeding does not pose a risk for infants of mothers with epilepsy who take antiepileptic drugs. The study measured the drug concentrations directly in infants through breast milk, showing substantially lower levels than maternal blood concentrations.
New Cornell research reveals that bike-share systems often deter users due to long distances between docking stations. The study recommends creating denser networks with smaller stations and increasing bike availability to grow ridership. Placing stations near grocery stores provides the most benefit, according to the findings.
Engineers have developed a new system that combines fast neutrons and gamma rays to detect corrosion in oil and gas pipelines. The technology mimics the natural world's use of ultrasound waves by bats to detect objects, enabling real-time detection of pipeline flaws.
A new study suggests that a diet rich in sugar increases the risk of both dental cavities and gum inflammation. Healthy eating habits should be prioritized to avoid expensive treatments.
The Elie 2.0 project aims to improve entrepreneurship opportunities for socially excluded groups by providing skills training, confidence boosting and local business partnerships. The programme will work across the UK, Poland, Bulgaria and Greece, building on success stories from the Eliemental programme.
A study from Michigan State University and the Max Planck Institute suggests that a partisan Congress is more productive than bipartisan groups. The research used mathematical programming models to analyze coalitions of lawmakers, finding that partisanship often helps bills pass into law.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that individuals who believe in a fair economic system exhibit reduced negative emotions when confronted with poverty, homelessness, or extreme wealth. The research suggests that system-justifying beliefs buffer against aversion to inequality, allowing people to better cope with e...
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a computer-based method to determine crystal structures of materials and molecules using a machine learning algorithm, achieving at least 95% accuracy. The new approach autonomously analyzes electron diffraction patterns and can perform analysis on large samples with multiple length scales.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a new method called TREE to edit genes implicated in Alzheimer's disease, achieving 90% efficiency in human stem cells. The breakthrough uses base editors to make single DNA edits with high accuracy, paving the way for personalized medicine and disease modeling.
A new study found that between 15-22 out of every 100 Indian patients with mild-to-moderate CKD had significant impairment in at least one domain of quality of life. Lower income, poor education, and female gender were associated with lower quality of life scores.
Two new studies quantify the potential for eliminating cervical cancer in 78 low-income and lower-middle income countries, proposing measures to avert 74 million cases and 62 million deaths over the next century. The proposed triple intervention strategy of HPV vaccination, cervical screening, and treatment could reduce mortality by up...
A Montana State University biotechnology researcher discovered a previously unknown tool that cells can use to protect their proteins from irreversible damage caused by redox reactions. This mechanism involves adding an extra sulfur atom onto existing sulfurs in protein molecules, allowing cells to recover and make new proteins.
A recent study found that the prevalence of ketamine use among EDM party attendees is significantly higher than reported, with nearly 40% testing positive for ketamine in hair samples. The study suggests that unintentional exposure to ketamine through adulterated drugs may be a contributing factor.
Researchers at Kobe University discovered the orobanchol synthase responsible for converting non-canonical strigolactone carlactonoic acid into canonical strigolactone orobanchol. This breakthrough enables artificial regulation of plant growth and weed germination, with potential applications in improving crop production and mitigating...
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received lower-than-recommended doses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy experienced a complete response and tumor shrinkage similar to those receiving the full dose.
A WPI researcher has received a $154,000 grant to investigate the relationship between programmed cell death and calcium deposits in heart tissue that cause aortic valve failure. The study aims to discover ways to interrupt the process leading to calcification and potentially develop treatments to stop it.
Researchers have established new guidelines for analyzing patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in cancer clinical trials, aiming to provide more consistent and comparable Quality of Life (QoL) results. The adoption of these standards will ensure that trial results are more reliable and beneficial for patients.
Researchers developed an autonomous machine learning-based method to determine crystal structure from EBSD data with high accuracy. The platform enables high-throughput evaluation of material properties, opening doors for rapid discovery and analysis.
The 2020 OMA Obesity Algorithm offers updated resources for clinicians, including clickable links to podcasts and lectures by obesity experts. The Algorithm is based on scientific evidence and aims to improve patient outcomes through individualized treatment approaches.
Researchers from SUTD develop a modularization approach to print microfluidic channels with greater intricacy and smaller channel dimensions. They demonstrate the efficacy of their approach by showing a substantial improvement in channel dimensions compared to conventional methods.
Researchers at IU Simon Cancer Center aim to improve understanding of hematopoietic stem cell function in the bone marrow using CD166. The team is investigating CD166's role in sustaining stem cell function and identifying a molecule that allows separation of osteomacs from macrophages.
A recent study by the University of Colorado at Boulder found that US birth weights have fallen significantly due to increasing rates of cesarean deliveries and inductions. The average length of pregnancy decreased from 40 weeks to 39 weeks, resulting in a decline of 67 grams (about 2.4 oz) in baby weight over 23 years.
Forest fragmentation negatively impacts seed dispersal, leading to reduced biodiversity and ecosystem imbalance. Climate change amplifies this effect, threatening tree species that rely on animal-mediated seed dispersal.