Researchers developed a microfluidic device to model the spleen's filtration function in patients with sickle cell disease. The study found that low oxygen levels can cause the spleen's filters to become clogged, while boosting oxygen levels can unclog them, potentially explaining how blood transfusions help patients.
A new study reveals a low-cost sensing glove that can identify fetal position and measure force applied to the fetal skull during labor, potentially improving birth outcomes in low-resource regions. The technology provides real-time data during vaginal exams, allowing clinicians to take corrective action early on.
A new study finds COVID-19 was the top underlying cause of death from infectious disease among children and young people aged 0–19 years. The risk of death from COVID-19 was substantially lower compared to other age groups, but still a significant concern, with over 1,300 child deaths attributed to the virus in the US.
A study found that immune checkpoint inhibitors enhance chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain by blocking interaction between macrophages and neurons via PD1-PDL1 synergy. This discovery could lead to the development of therapeutic alternatives to prevent pain while maintaining anti-neoplastic effects.
Researchers discover gene therapy ophNdi1 that boosts mitochondrial performance in retinal ganglion cells, potentially treating glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. The therapy shows protective effects in three models of mitochondrial dysfunction.
Researchers found that MAP4343 reversed excessive alcohol intake in mice modeling alcoholism and normalized blood levels of stress hormone corticosterone. The compound promotes assembly of tubulin proteins into microtubules, suggesting a possible effective treatment strategy for alcohol use disorder.
Researchers from Osaka University have identified a system known as the GET pathway as crucial for regulating the numbers of energy-producing mitochondria. The study found that disruption of the GET pathway leads to reduced mitophagy, a process responsible for removing defective or excess mitochondria.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers found that young adults with depression are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease and have poor heart health. The study analyzed data from over half a million people between the ages of 18 and 49 and found that those who self-reported feeling depressed or having poor mental heal...
Researchers at SUTD developed a new reconfigurable shift register-in-memory architecture using phase-change alloys, operating efficiently as both a memory component and programmable shift register. The device exhibits impressive performance in preliminary tests, promising applications in high-performance electronic systems.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze data sets for patterns and trends, identifying over 400 genes related to smoking behaviors. The study suggests that certain medications, such as dextromethorphan, could be repurposed for smoking cessation.
A new biomaterial has been developed that can be injected intravenously to promote cell and tissue repair, reducing inflammation in damaged tissues. The material has shown promising results in treating heart attacks and traumatic brain injury in animal models.
NeuralTree is a closed-loop neuromodulation system-on-chip that can detect and classify biomarkers from real patient data and animal models of disease in-vivo, leading to high accuracy in symptom prediction. The system boasts 256 input channels, making it highly versatile and scalable.
Researchers from Doshisha University found that the hypothalamus's supramammillary nucleus can induce long-term potentiation in hippocampal dentate gyrus synapses through glutamatergic transmission. This type of synaptic plasticity, known as associative LTP, strengthens connections between neurons and is crucial for learning and memory.
Researchers have discovered a new compound that could become an effective non-hormonal male contraceptive by inhibiting the CDK2 protein. The compound, named EF-4-177, showed promising results in mice, with a significant decrease in sperm counts after 28-day exposure.
Researchers discovered that mitochondria actively transport coenzyme Q to the cell surface to protect cells from cell death. The transport process is crucial for regulating coenzyme Q distribution within the cell.
Researchers at Virginia Tech aim to understand the role of fatty acid deficiency in optic nerve hypoplasia. A recent grant supports studies on arachidonic acid supplementation as a potential treatment for the disease.
Researchers found that carriers of a specific hidden bacteria have a 14% chance of developing an antibiotic-resistant infection within 30 days of hospitalization. The study highlights the significant risk of infections from multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly in patients undergoing 'dirty' surgery.
Researchers at Beijing Institute of Technology have developed new cathode materials using borophene to overcome the limitations of traditional aluminum anodes. The study reveals that coordination with chlorine ions enhances electron transfer, leading to increased capacities and improved cycling performance.
A new Pitt study reframes understanding of graft-versus-host disease, suggesting that GVHD is locally maintained by donor T cells in target tissues. The research, published in Immunity, offers an alternative model that could guide development of novel therapies and improve outcomes for stem cell recipients.
A recent study of 437 children reveals associations between infant screen use and electroencephalography markers with cognitive outcomes. The findings suggest that excessive screen time during infancy may contribute to impairments in executive function.
Archaeologists conclude that Anglo-Saxon monasteries were more resilient to Viking attacks than previously thought. Lyminge monastery, located in Kent, endured repeated attacks but resisted collapse for almost a century through effective defensive strategies.
UC San Diego scientists developed an AI-based strategy for discovering high-affinity antibody drugs, identifying a new antibody that binds 17 times tighter than an existing one. The approach accelerates the discovery process, reducing failure rates and enabling faster development of novel cancer and COVID-19 treatments.
A longitudinal study found that excessive screen time in infancy is linked to detrimental outcomes in cognitive functions, which persist after eight years. Brain activity changes were observed in infants who spent more time on screens, indicating brain immaturity and poor self-regulation.
Researchers from TIBI have developed an advanced electronic skin patch that provides simultaneous, continuous monitoring of multiple bodily parameters. The new E-skin patch offers enhanced flexibility, thermal cooling abilities, and fluid absorption over conventional substrates while demonstrating excellent biocompatibility and biodegr...
Bonn researchers create micropipette-based local perfusion of capillaries to analyze BBB transport at the cellular level, providing insights into epilepsy and drug development. The approach reveals the barrier's integrity remains largely intact, offering a tool for evaluating active ingredients' brain penetration.
Evans' five-year grant will examine how modularity affects the evolution of complex biological structures and provide a framework for their study. The research could advance our understanding of shape change in other complex structures and have cultural and historical significance.
Research by the American Psychological Association found that stereotyping veterans as heroes can limit their future career prospects. Participants preferred lower-paying, selfless careers over higher-paying jobs, even if they didn't align with the veteran's skills or interests. This bias may funnel veterans into service-oriented caree...
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new understanding of how nanoscale defects and mechanical stress cause solid electrolytes to fail. By studying over 60 experiments, they found that ceramics often contain tiny cracks on their surface, which can lead to short circuits during fast charging. The discovery could pave the ...
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new acoustic waveguide based on topology to minimize energy consumption in electronic devices. The team created a topological waveguide that minimizes energy loss and allows for unique wave manipulation.
Scientists have recorded two new caddisfly species in Thailand, expanding the country's known fauna by 10 documented representatives. The newly discovered species are Diplectrona erinya and Diplectrona extrema, both belonging to the genus Diplectrona.
A new study found that customers from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups rated poorer quality service less negatively than white consumers. This suggests that relying solely on customer surveys to improve service may not be effective in addressing discrimination.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen suggests that combining proteins and antioxidants in foods like coffee with milk may have an anti-inflammatory effect in humans. The researchers found that immune cells treated with this combination were twice as effective at fighting inflammation as those with only polyphenols.
Researchers have uncovered the underlying mechanism driving depressive systems in chronic pain, identifying a potential therapeutic target for treatment. Tiam1 protein modulates neural connections, leading to hypersensitivity and depression; ketamine blocks this effect, alleviating symptoms.
Researchers developed poly(alkyl-biphenyl pyridinium)-based anion exchange membranes with hydrophobic side chains, achieving high permoselectivity for monovalent ions like chloride and hydroxide. The new membranes show excellent alkali stability and can separate multiple multivalent anions with high selectivity.
A recent review in CMAJ provides comprehensive guidance on diagnosing and managing migraine attacks. It emphasizes a stratified approach to treatment, empowering patients to choose medications tailored to their needs and attack symptoms.
Dimethyl sulfide levels have increased in Arctic air over the past five decades, according to a study led by Hokkaido University. The team tracked the rise in emissions through measurements of methane sulfonic acid in Greenland ice cores, finding higher levels between 2002 and 2014.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma are designing a customized device to better treat unique brain aneurysms. The device uses advanced biomedical 3-D printing to tailor the treatment to the specific shape, size, and location of each aneurysm.
A new study by Imperial College London and University College Dublin researchers has found that the ion channel TRPV4 plays a crucial role in translating mechanical signals from fetal movements into healthy skeleton development. This discovery may lead to future treatments for abnormalities of pediatric skeletal development.
A new study by Penn State researchers found that US honey bee colony loss is primarily related to parasitic mites, extreme weather events, and nearby pesticides. The study integrated multiple large datasets at different spatial and temporal resolutions to assess various potential stressors associated with colony collapse across the US.
The new report shows increased representation of women, Black, Hispanic, American Indian, and Alaska Native people in STEM jobs over the past decade, but those groups remain underrepresented compared to their overall distribution. The report highlights progress in diversity and equity in STEM education and careers.
Neuroscientists have found a way to safely insert healthy new immune cells into the brain, vaulting a key hurdle in treating neurodegenerative diseases. By making donor microglia resistant to the drug pexidartinib, they can potentially harness microglia to treat diseases such as Alzheimer's and Krabbe disease.
Researchers have developed a novel type of analogue quantum computer that can tackle hard physics problems beyond current digital capabilities. The new Quantum Simulator architecture uses hybrid metal-semiconductor components to simulate quantum materials and behaviors.
A Hong Kong study published in Canadian Medical Association Journal found a 90% reduction in COVID-19 deaths among adults with multimorbidity who received a booster dose of vaccine. The study, which included over 120,000 participants, suggests that booster vaccination can significantly lower mortality rates in vulnerable populations.
A new Yale University study found that government-imposed lockdown measures during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced ISIS attacks by depleting their financial resources and reducing high-value civilian targets. The restrictions were most effective in cities and areas outside of the militant group's rural bases.
Researchers validate non-invasive ECGi technique to detect atrial fibrillation, providing detailed information about the electrical activity of the heart. This breakthrough reduces patients' exposure to ionising radiation and costs, making it more universal for clinical practice.
Research found that experiencing three or more concussions is linked with worsened brain function in later life. Participants who reported multiple concussions showed significant cognitive decline, particularly in attention and complex task completion.
Researchers identified 7 key symptoms of long COVID, including heart issues and joint pain, in a study of 52,461 patients. The findings could help healthcare providers diagnose and treat the condition more effectively.
Researchers developed a vaccine platform that uses nanoscopic particles to deliver antigens, which can stimulate immune responses. The platform showed promise in early trials with mice, with improved survival rates against influenza and HIV.
A new model has integrated two classic approaches to improve disease spread predictions, accounting for age-specific contact patterns and location-specific data. The model outperformed previous approaches in simulation studies and case studies, providing valuable insights into disease prevention and control.
A new mathematical model simulates how the body regulates potassium levels, shedding light on the relationship between kidneys and muscles. The study suggests that muscle-kidney cross-talk signal hypothesis is essential in maintaining healthy potassium homeostasis.
A new expert consensus statement proposes a revised PCI treatment algorithm that expands the type of cases that can be performed with no-SOS, considering operator experience and facility preparation. The statement highlights low rates of complications and similar outcomes to PCIs performed at surgical centers.
Researchers have developed an AI-based resource to assist individuals in identifying recommended actions based on their clinical profile and COVID at-home test results. The system uses a combination of symptoms and home tests to provide more accurate diagnoses and improve patient care.
A Cambridge-led consortium has received $35m to engineer plants to utilize naturally occurring micro-organism interactions, enhancing nutrient uptake and increasing crop yields. This approach aims to revolutionize smallholder farming in sub-Saharan Africa and provide a sustainable solution for food production.
The Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation developed a contact lens prototype that facilitates tear flow in response to normal eye blinking, relieving CLIDE symptoms. The lenses, with microchannels and square cross-sections, can guide tear flow and combat dry eye syndrome.
A study led by CSIC demonstrates the efficiency of low-intensity ultrasound therapy in inhibiting cancer cell migration in pancreas cancer models. The researchers successfully controlled tumor cell biodynamics without causing damage.
A recent study found that homes near electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) in California see a significant increase in value, with those within 0.4-0.5 km of EVCSs valued up to 5.8% higher. The study also showed reduced air pollution and increased traffic, but no effect on property values within closer proximity.
A study suggests that the collapse of West Antarctica's ice sheet could stabilise the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), which distributes heat to Western Europe. This finding could help prevent a catastrophic cascading effect on climate tipping points.
A new study on Chesapeake Bay water quality found that pollution thresholds affect reduction efforts, and larger reductions may be needed to induce complete reversal of eutrophication-induced hypoxia. The research revealed that the system responds only until a certain threshold is crossed, then it takes twice the effort to make a change.
A cohort study of over 600 persons with non-MRI-conditional implantable cardioverter defibrillators found that these devices continue to appropriately treat detected tachyarrhythmias after MRI scans. The findings suggest that patients with non-MRI-conditional ICDs can safely undergo MRI exams without compromising device function.
Among U.S. children and teenagers, COVID-19 was the 8th leading cause of death in a two-year period, highlighting its significant mortality burden. The study suggests that underreporting and incomplete accounting for COVID-19's role in deaths from other diseases may have underestimated its true impact.