A new study led by Weill Cornell Medicine found that tirzepatide reduced the risk of diabetes in obese and prediabetic patients by more than 90% after 176 weeks. The treatment also showed significant weight loss and improved blood sugar control.
A research group at USTC found that γ rays can facilitate the conversion of aqueous-phase methane to diverse products, including hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, and amino acids like glycine. The reaction rate is contingent on free radical concentrations and does not significantly influence temperature.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory have created a shape-shifting antenna that can change its shape based on temperature, transforming communications capabilities. The technology has transformative potential in military, scientific and commercial applications, enabling dynamic RF band adaptability.
Researchers at Nanjing University confirm link between SLC25A1 protein and congenital heart defects caused by placental problems. The study found that loss of SLC25A1 leads to placental growth issues, which in turn cause heart defects.
Researchers have discovered a critical component in the development of neural cells, revealing its role in maintaining cellular identity and early neural fate commitment. This finding provides valuable insights into neurodevelopmental syndromes and suggests new potential solutions.
Researchers develop gene therapy to improve placental function, which can lead to healthier babies and adults. The treatment involves nanoparticles loaded with DNA that encodes for a human protein, and has shown promise in short-term studies with monkeys.
This study compares the pharmacokinetics of aumolertinib, osimertinib, and gefitinib in mouse models and NSCLC patients. Aumolertinib exhibits better pharmacokinetic profiles, with higher concentrations in plasma and tissues, making it a promising candidate for EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC treatment.
A team of researchers developed a novel sensor that attaches directly to the underside of plant leaves to measure leaf color without blocking sunlight. The sensor can track changes in the same spot over time and provides fine-tuned readings for real-time monitoring.
Researchers demonstrate transverse thermoelectric conversion in WSi2 for the first time, using mixed-dimensional Fermi surfaces to enable TTE effect. The study paves the way for developing new sensors and efficient thermoelectric materials.
A recent study found that combining informative and persuasive cues, especially monetary incentives, boosts opt-ins. However, purely informative messages don't necessarily increase opt-ins. Firms with significant offline presence tend to use more persuasive strategies.
Researchers propose a new and more effective way to gauge earnings quality, identifying companies that may be using accounting tricks to cover up problems. The Earnings Quality Score (EQSCORE) model has been shown to outperform existing approaches in predicting fraud, providing valuable insights for investors and regulators.
Researchers at ORNL have developed a catalyst that can convert two polluting greenhouse gases into valuable building blocks for cleaner fuels and feedstocks. The catalyst, made of zeolite material, is resistant to degradation at high temperatures and has been shown to provide outstanding performance with extremely slow deactivation.
A USTC research team has developed a Pt-based high-entropy-alloy catalyst that significantly enhances the efficiency of propane dehydrogenation. The catalyst achieved propylene formation rates of 256 and 390 mol C₃H₆ gₚₜ⁻¹ h⁻¹ at 550 °C and 600 °C, respectively, with high selectivity for propylene in a long-term stability test.
The Novel Generation Modelling (NGM) system creates highly accurate virtual replicas of physical systems, enabling companies to optimize operations and enhance productivity. With advanced capabilities like predictive analytics and scenario simulation, NGM minimizes downtime, lowers operational costs, and reduces environmental impact.
A cohort study found that nearly half of participants who consumed alcohol at baseline decreased their alcohol use after initiating anti-obesity medication treatment. The medications, such as naltrexone and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), may have properties that lead to reduced cravings for alcohol.
The study successfully created electrically defined quantum dots in zinc oxide (ZnO) heterostructures, marking a significant milestone in the development of quantum technologies. The researchers observed the Coulomb diamond and discovered the Kondo effect in ZnO quantum dots.
Researchers have discovered unusual, Earth-size magnetically driven vortices generating dense, hydrocarbon haze at Jupiter's poles. The dark ovals hint at strong interactions between the planet's magnetic field and atmosphere.
Research published in the Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health found that irregular sleep-wake cycles are associated with a heightened risk of major cardiovascular events. People with regular sleep patterns were 26% less likely to experience these events than those with irregular patterns, even if they met recommended sleep quotas.
A new microwave-assisted synthesis route has improved the performance of a coordination polymer photocatalyst, achieving a record-breaking value for CO2-to-formate conversion with a nearly ten-fold increase in apparent quantum yield. The improvements are attributed to well-crystallized material and surface area increases.
Researchers developed a wireless power transfer system for electrophysiological recording in freely moving laboratory mice. The system provides a robust platform for real-time neuronal activity monitoring and offers significant potential for advancing neuroscience research.
A study published in The Astrophysical Journal reveals that pulsar signals change as they move through the interstellar medium, highlighting a need for updates to current ISM density models. The research found that models incorporating galactic structures tend to better fit the data, but predictions of newly discovered pulsars were worse.
Recent Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry have recognized the convergence of AI with physics and chemistry, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research. Researchers advocate for nurturing AI-enabled polymaths to bridge the gap between theoretical advancements and practical applications.
Researchers found that a type of cancer cell death called necroptosis can release a molecule called interleukin-1α, weakening the immune response and allowing tumors to grow faster. By blocking this molecule, cancer treatments like chemotherapy and immunotherapy may become more effective.
The $2.7 million grant will support a network of research sites across the US and Latin America, investigating clinical characteristics and potential differences in care for Latinos with Down syndrome. The study aims to identify risk and resiliency factors that could change the presentation of Down syndrome in diverse cultural contexts.
Researchers find that experiences can create lasting mental imprints affecting future well-being and decision-making. Memorable consumption choices are influenced by both immediate utility and the ongoing utility derived from memory.
A new study led by Griffith University researchers found that increasing physical activity could add up to five years to an individual's life, with the most active quarter having a 73% lower risk of death. Even modest increases in movement could lead to significant life-extension benefits.
A new study from Queen Mary University of London has identified the genetic drivers of early onset type 2 diabetes in South Asians, revealing a strong link to lower insulin production and unfavorable body fat distribution. The research also sheds light on treatment responses, highlighting the need for precision medicine approaches.
Researchers developed a novel strategy to fabricate both stretchable and self-healable LIBs with an all-in-one configuration. The new design endows the battery with both stretchability and self-healing capability, overcoming previous limitations.
Researchers found a strong link between depression and menstrual pain in a new study published in Briefings in Bioinformatics. Depression may be a cause of dysmenorrhea, rather than a consequence, according to the findings.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using annatto colorant was effective in treating halitosis in mouth-breathing children. The researchers used a LED light source to target the annatto, which generated reactive oxygen species that killed bacteria on the tongue, leading to improved oral health.
A study by University of Barcelona researchers found a close molecular similarity between wild boar and human hepatitis E virus strains. The researchers recommend avoiding contact with wild boars, washing hands after contact, and taking precautions in areas frequented by pets to prevent transmission.
Researchers investigated the thermoelectric transport properties of organic semiconductors using a polaronic charge conduction model. They linked experimental observations to build a unified picture of thermoelectric transport physics in organic semiconductors, showcasing promising applications like thermoelectric radiation sensing.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that using antibiotics alone to treat children with uncomplicated appendicitis is a cost-effective and safe alternative to surgery. This approach resulted in lower costs and similar quality-of-life scores compared to upfront surgery.
Researchers determine stereostructure of iriomoteolide-1a and -1b using NMR spectroscopic analysis, theoretical calculation, and total synthesis. The study reveals nanomolar cytotoxic activity of synthetic iriomotelide-1a in human cancer cells.
Researchers at ISTA and Columbia University developed a technique using adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) to track a frog's nervous system throughout its metamorphosis, shedding light on the neural circuit and behavior changes during this transition. The breakthrough can help usher amphibian neurobiology into a new era.
Optical cooling has been elusive due to challenges in reaching high emission efficiency, but researchers shed light on the phenomenon using a stable 'dots-in-crystal' material. The study demonstrated true optical cooling with a theoretical cooling limit of approximately 10 K from room temperature.
Researchers at Curtin University found that the Ninetyeast Ridge, the Earth's longest straight underwater mountain chain, formed as a massive volcanic chain between 83 and 43 million years ago. High-precision dating revealed that the hotspot responsible for the ridge moved by several hundred kilometres within the mantle over time.
Researchers develop efficient way to recycle e-waste containing metals, semiconductors and rare elements; microwave-assisted pyrolysis method effectively recovers copper wires, improving recycling process.
Researchers found a pattern in how people interpret new information, overreacting to weak signals and underreacting to strong ones. This bias holds true across various settings, including financial markets, according to a study analyzing millions of betting transactions and prices on options contracts.
A team of scientists used CRISPR technology to investigate the role of Fel d 1, a gene that triggers cat allergies. By analyzing genetic diversity and expression levels, they found that cats genetically modified to lack CH2 were healthy, suggesting that the allergen may not be essential for feline health.
A long-term study of 34,425 participants found that men with cardiovascular disease risk factors experience brain health decline between ages 55-74, while women experience it between 65-74. The effects are associated with abdominal fat and visceral adipose tissue.
A fossilized skeleton found in Bristol has been identified as Cryptovaranoides microlanius, a tiny lizard with sharp teeth, and dated to the Triassic period. The discovery shifts the origin of the Squamata group back by 35 million years, confirming its relationship to modern anguimorphs.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have conducted a groundbreaking study on shore crabs, revealing that they possess pain receptors and neural reactions in response to painful stimuli. The findings provide conclusive evidence for the existence of pain in crustaceans, highlighting the need for more humane treatment methods.
A machine learning tool has identified subtle behavioral changes in mice with early stages of Alzheimer's disease. The tool, called VAME, analyzed video footage and pinpointed disorganized behavior that may be associated with memory and attention deficits. Researchers hope to adapt this technology for human diagnosis and treatment.
A pioneering study reveals that transplanting vibrant invertebrate and microbial communities from healthy reefs to damaged ones significantly boosts coral health. The innovative approach, known as 'a coral reef ecosystem transplant,' demonstrates notable improvements in coral photosynthetic efficiency and physiological function.
The new issue of Advances in Dental Research explores the impact of sex biology on women's health, highlighting disparities in dental disease prevalence. The meeting emphasized the need for a comprehensive approach to address these issues, including access to care and preventive measures.
A systematic review of 18 randomized controlled trials found that drinking enough water can help with weight loss and prevent kidney stones. Drinking eight cups a day significantly decreased the likelihood of getting another kidney stone, while six cups a day helped adults lose weight.
A study of 49 million patients in England found that routine screening for cardiometabolic conditions like obesity and high blood pressure dropped sharply during the pandemic. Blood pressure measurements remained lower than pre-pandemic levels as of March 2024, particularly among lower socioeconomic groups.
A study using NASA satellite data found that cities in the Global South have significantly less green space and cooling capacity than those in the Global North, with an average of 70% less cooling capacity. This compounds existing problems, as cities in the South are predicted to see more heat extremes due to lower latitudes.
A new study by Nagoya University researchers reveals a complex relationship between Arctic warming and Arctic dust. Higher temperatures lead to increased dust emissions, promoting ice nucleation in clouds and potentially counteracting temperature feedback mechanisms.
Researchers reviewed advancements in detecting circRNAs, highlighting isothermal amplification, CRISPR, and digital droplets assay. These methods offer improved sensitivity and specificity for circRNA detection, enabling better understanding of its biological function and tracking disease progression.
Researchers have engineered chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs) to exhibit high electrocatalytic activities for electrochemical oxygen evolution. CCOFs demonstrated pronounced spin-polarized charge transport and suppressed H2O2 formation, improving OER efficiency.
A new soft patch electrode has been developed to monitor human body signals, offering improved conductivity and flexibility for accurate measurements. The electrode reduces resistance while enhancing ion transport performance, paving the way for long-term wearable tech applications.
A new framework for remote sensing image fusion was developed, using frequency decoupled domain-independent feature learning. The approach analyzes domain-independent information distribution in image amplitude and phase components to improve image fusion and quality.
A new study reveals that concussions impact aperiodic brain activity in high school football players, leading to slowed cognitive function and worse post-concussion symptoms. The research highlights the importance of protective measures in contact sports and may lead to new treatments for concussion recovery.
Researchers have identified a form of Vitamin B6 bound to MR1 as a means of engaging tumour-reactive immune cells, suggesting that altered cellular metabolism/metabolite levels may distinguish cancer cells. Understanding the breadth of MR1-mediated immunity could illuminate routes for therapeutic intervention with broad utility.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found a slightly higher likelihood of androgenetic alopecia among individuals who consume alcohol, but the association is not statistically significant. The study suggests that further research is needed to clarify whether alcohol impacts AGA risk.
Researchers on the ISS National Lab have leveraged microgravity to study fundamental physical phenomena, such as heat transfer, combustion, and fluid dynamics. These discoveries hold potential for advances in pharmaceuticals, energy production, materials manufacturing, and more.
The study reveals that blue whales primarily occur in summer and autumn, while fin whales can be heard throughout the year. The data also confirms the sporadic occurrence of blue whales during winter months, which may be related to climate change.
This study reveals that the tropical Indian Ocean is the primary driver of Hadley Circulation's future weakening and poleward shifts, while the tropical Pacific Ocean is the main source of uncertainty. The results highlight the critical role of regional ocean warming in shaping atmospheric circulation changes.