Researchers developed photonic computing chips that enable fast, all-optical learning and decision making, overcoming key limitations for photonic spiking neural systems. The new chips could improve autonomous driving technologies and enable robotic systems that learn through real-world interactions.
Researchers from Dresden University Medicine developed a new treatment approach for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), combining standard therapy with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax. The innovative combination therapy has shown promising efficacy, increasing remission rates to 75% and improving patients' chances of recovery.
Researchers have discovered that crocodiles' growth rates are flexible and change depending on environmental conditions, revealing new insights into their life history. The findings challenge traditional methods used to age dinosaurs, suggesting a reevaluation of how growth marks are interpreted.
Polymers with segments of varying intensities spontaneously develop directional motion when densely packed, driving forces that push the entire chain forward. This finding has relevance to chromatin and could lead to new materials with spontaneous transport properties.
Research connects adolescent aggression to accelerated aging and higher body mass index by age 30. Early aggression alone does not predict faster aging unless it leads to ongoing relationship problems later in life.
A comprehensive systematic review found that large-scale food fortification is a highly cost-effective intervention for reducing global malnutrition, with benefits far outweighing costs. The study analyzed 56 studies from 63 countries and found that fortification programs deliver substantial health benefits relative to costs.
A new special edition of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B provides a comprehensive collection of peer-reviewed studies on disease management in marine wildlife. The issue examines emerging pathogens, methodological advances, climate change, and ecosystem-based management.
Tundra tongue is a common childhood experience where kids freeze their tongues to metal, leading to mild or no consequences. However, in 18% of cases, it results in avulsion, a piece of the tongue being torn off. Researchers found that most cases had no serious harm and suggest warming the metal with water or air to loosen the tongue.
Researchers have successfully grown and harvested chickpeas using simulated moon dirt, demonstrating a key step towards establishing a sustainable food source on the lunar surface. The study found that mixtures of up to 75% moon dirt were suitable for producing harvestable chickpeas, with the addition of fungi enhancing plant health.
Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) affects half a million Americans annually, causing severe diarrhea and life-threatening inflammation of the colon. Researchers at Tufts University School of Medicine have developed a new imaging approach to track individual C. diff cells, revealing unexpected findings, such as toxin production not dep...
The updated catalogue, GWTC-4, doubles the number of events, revealing 128 new gravitational signals and a kaleidoscope of cosmic collisions, including massive black hole binaries and neutron star binaries. The data provides unprecedented precision to test Einstein's General Relativity and probe the universe's evolution.
The latest catalog more than doubles the number of gravitational-wave detections made by LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA observatories, revealing a kaleidoscope of cosmic collisions. The LVK's Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog-4.0 comprises 128 new detections from a nine-month period.
Scientists create fluorescent nanoplastics that resemble real-world plastics in morphology, enabling real-time tracking and studying chronic exposure effects. The study reveals that smaller particles retain longer in the body, highlighting the need for further research on health risks due to microplastic ingestion.
Copper metabolism plays a crucial role in inflammatory bone diseases, with copper overload suppressing glycogen synthesis and increasing inflammatory activity. Researchers found that cuproptosis, a form of programmed cell death, can lead to bone weakening and osteoclast formation, providing a potential new therapeutic target.
Researchers found that an approved antifibrotic drug, finerenone, can reduce ovarian fibrosis and promote follicle growth in women with premature ovarian insufficiency. Clinical trials showed that finerenone improved follicle development and mature oocyte quality in women with POI.
A new database of 3D ant models, Antscan, provides high-resolution micro-CT scans of 800 different ant species, revolutionizing the study of organismal shape and form. The database facilitates large-scale digitization of small organisms, enabling scientists to better model ant movement and study locomotion.
A recent study revealed that the solar superstorm caused a dramatic increase in electrons in two distinct layers of Mars' atmosphere at altitudes of around 110 and 130 km. The storm also triggered computer errors for both orbiters, but they recovered quickly due to their radiation-resistant components.
A large representative study found that 3 in 10 Indigenous adults meet criteria for healthy functioning, highlighting the importance of addressing structural barriers and promoting culturally meaningful pathways to wellness. Financial security, physical activity, and reduced chronic illness were key predictors of healthy functioning.
Researchers visualized activity across a platinum catalyst with unprecedented detail, revealing coordinated, interconnected systems. Individual crystal grains specialize in different chemical steps, and cooperative electron flows enhance overall reaction efficiency.
Scientists at Cambridge University observed ultrafast charge transfer happening within a single molecular vibration, occurring on the natural timescale of atomic motion. The discovery challenges long-held theories about how solar energy systems work and reveals a new pathway to designing more efficient light-harvesting technologies.
A recent Cochrane review found that administering sucrose to infants undergoing venepuncture is an effective and safe way to manage pain. The study recommends using sucrose as a first-line pain management strategy before the procedure, especially when other options like skin-to-skin contact or breastfeeding are not available.
Researchers at UMD used AI and 3D imaging to accelerate the scanning and creation of 2,000 interactive ant models, reducing scanning time from 10 hours to a single week. The project, dubbed Antscan, aims to create a living library of interactive models corresponding to Earth's biodiversity.
The OpenIFS model, a portable version of the global forecasting model used by ECMWF, is now available for all, making it easier to collaborate and generate new ideas. The change will support reproducible research and keep users current with the latest updates.
The Bureaucracy Index has reached a record high, showing a 62% increase in federal legislation since 2010. Commercial law has developed at an above-average rate, with the strongest growth since the beginning of systematic evaluation. To generate new growth momentum, deregulation must start here.
A Yale University study suggests that nearly half of adults aged 65 and older show measurable improvement in cognitive function or physical function over time. The improvements are linked to a person's thoughts about aging, challenging the notion of inevitable decline.
A team of Korean researchers developed a technology that can precisely analyze structural changes in brain-disease proteins using saliva, enabling early diagnosis of major neurological disorders. The technology has been shown to classify disorders with high accuracy, exceeding 90%, and holds significant potential for non-invasive and l...
A new interactive tool, Safety Map, has been launched to address safety concerns on dating apps, with over 48 in-depth interviews conducted across Canada. The map curates safety information from 30 different dating apps, providing users with practical and accessible knowledge.
ISM4808, a PHD inhibitor for chronic kidney disease-related anemia, has achieved its first milestone with successful completion of the Phase I clinical trial. The treatment stimulates endogenous erythropoietin production and improves iron utilization, offering improved efficiency and safety compared to existing treatments.
This study reclassified patients according to modern WHO Classification criteria, revealing molecular subtyping limitations, pathway co-activation patterns, and strong anatomical-molecular correlations. IDH1/2 mutations and TERT promoter mutations played key roles in determining prognosis.
Researchers at Nagoya University found that magnetic fields keep the equator spinning faster than the poles in stars, preventing a rotation flip even as they slow down with age. This contradicts 45 years of theoretical predictions and could help scientists solve stellar mysteries.
A new brain imaging study identifies two distinct subtypes of ADHD, each associated with unique brain structure and behavior patterns. The first subtype is linked to attention-related symptoms, while the second subtype shows widespread reductions in grey matter volume and increased disease severity.
Researchers at Duke-NUS Medical School found that testing air and surfaces can detect a broader range of poultry viruses, including highly pathogenic avian influenza strains, which traditional surveillance may miss. Environmental sampling can provide a more comprehensive view of viral circulation in live poultry markets.
A tiny clump of moss played a crucial role in proving a crime had taken place at Burr Oak Cemetery in Illinois. The moss's age was determined to be only a year or two old, bolstering the case against the cemetery employees, who were ultimately convicted in 2015.
A thermally-responsive lubricant infused surface (TLIS) was developed to resist mineral scaling under temperature change and water flushing conditions. The TLIS achieved descaling efficiencies of 91.4% in the first cycle, even after multi-cycles, making it a durable solution for thermal and fluid systems.
A study published in Translational Exercise Biomedicine found that low-intensity treadmill exercise preconditioning significantly reduced brain injury and improved neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke in mouse models. The exercise group showed lower infarct size, increased microvessel density, and reduced inflammation.
A global study found that safeguarding 7.3% more mangrove areas can increase their resilience by 13.3%, with climate-smart conservation being achievable and affordable
Seventy-one undergraduate students presented their research at the annual poster competition, with 10 winners recognized for outstanding presentations. The winners were selected by judges from every career level and represented various fields of biophysics.
The 70th Biophysical Society Annual Meeting Awards Ceremony recognized 35 student research achievement award winners for their exceptional poster presentations. The winners were selected by judges from the Society's Subgroups, with students from over 30 countries participating in the competition.
Teens are getting significantly less sleep, with over 50% reporting less than 5 hours per night, a rise from 2007 when it was around 30%. This short sleep is linked to emotional regulation issues, poor academic performance, and increased risks for obesity and diabetes.
A large US study published in The BMJ found that GLP-1 receptor agonists used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity may also help lower the risk of addiction to various substances. The study associated GLP-1 receptor agonists with reduced risks of adverse outcomes such as overdoses and drug-related emergency department visits and deaths...
The GOAL-Trauma study found significant variation in blood transfusion strategies for patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery following trauma, with higher-resource settings using component therapy and lower-resource settings relying on whole blood transfusions.
A global study of 23,000 people found that Gen Z men are more likely to agree that a wife should obey her husband and have traditional views on decision-making within a marriage. Meanwhile, Gen Z women showed less agreement with these statements compared to Baby Boomer women.
Researchers found that GLP-1 medications are effective at reducing the risk of developing substance use disorders across all major addictive substances, including a 14% reduced risk for developing any substance use disorder. The study also showed significant reductions in severe harm, including overdose and death, among patients with p...
Patients who stop taking weight loss drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy experience rapid weight regain of up to 60% within a year, but sustain around 25% of lost weight. Researchers found that individuals may maintain healthier eating habits even after treatment ends.
Researchers have discovered that microscopic oil droplets can fold themselves into precise six-pointed star shapes while remaining liquid inside. The team identified the physical mechanism responsible for this unusual geometry, revealing a fundamentally new route for shape change in elastic interfacial crystals.
In England, over a third of councils face industry legal threats for clean air campaigns; the stove industry lobbied local authorities to ignore public health risks. Key findings include wood burning's significant contribution to fine particle air pollution and its link to various health conditions.
A new medication called zorevunersen has been found to reduce seizures in children with Dravet syndrome by up to 91%, improving their quality of life and behavior. The study, led by University College London and Great Ormond Street Hospital, also showed the potential to reduce the impact of the condition on mental processes.
Recent advances in tubular solid oxide fuel cells provide a comprehensive overview of innovative geometric designs and real-world applications. These cells offer a promising technology for addressing global energy challenges with higher energy conversion efficiency and fuel flexibility.
A new study reveals that ammonia released from intensive livestock farms can stimulate soil microbial processes that generate nitrous oxide, a powerful greenhouse gas contributing to climate change. The research highlights an overlooked pathway linking livestock pollution to global warming.
Phase 1/2a clinical trials demonstrate significant seizure reduction and improvement in symptoms of Dravet syndrome, a genetic disorder affecting cognitive function, motor skills, and behavior. The treatment, zorevunersen, targets the underlying cause of the disease by enhancing the normal SCN1A gene.
Researchers designed modified biochars with phosphorus and magnesium to improve compost quality by retaining nitrogen and accelerating humification. The study found that these materials reduced ammonia emissions and promoted microbial activity, resulting in higher nitrogen retention and improved soil fertility.
Electrical engineers at Duke University have developed the fastest pyroelectric photodetector, capable of capturing light from the entire electromagnetic spectrum. The device requires no external power and operates at room temperature, making it suitable for on-chip applications and multispectral cameras.
Mayo Clinic researchers have identified a hidden 'movement map' deep within the brain, which could help surgeons reduce side effects from epilepsy procedures and guide future treatments for speech and movement disorders. The discovery was made using advanced brain-recording technology to create individualized maps of patients' brains.
The American Heart Association and Laerdal Medical have launched Self-Guided Learning, a flexible resuscitation training delivery model, to provide equitable access to high-quality training. The model allows learners to complete HeartCode Complete courses on their own schedule, using advanced simulation technology to verify skills.
Youth football is associated with nearly 1 in 5 traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in children and young adults. Football players are also more likely to experience repeat TBIs, with 37% of cases occurring in athletes who participated in the sport.
A York University-led study used machine-learning models to analyze 64 immune biomarkers in people with and without HIV who received COVID-19 vaccines. The researchers found clear vaccine-initiated immune response biomarkers between the two groups, but also identified outliers that provide insights into the complex nature of the immune...
A study found that people with changes in their activity patterns were more likely to have worsening disability and loss of brain volume than those whose patterns did not change. Wearable sensors measure physical activity, time spent sitting or inactive, and circadian rhythms.
Researchers propose a hybrid approach of combining conventional and microwave frying to achieve lower oil content without compromising flavor and texture. The study found that microwave frying resulted in faster moisture loss, shorter cooking time, and lower oil intake, suggesting an economically feasible option for industrial production.
Research reveals hygienic honey bees have enhanced innate immune responses and increased survival when infected with Nosema ceranae, a widespread adult bee pathogen. This discovery offers a promising avenue for strengthening bee health through selective breeding.
NYCST has selected projects for Round 2 funding, focusing on groundbreaking space-related technology development and supply-chain resilience. The consortium aims to address workforce shortages and mature critical technologies through partnerships between industry and top-tier research institutions.