Exposure to PFOS and PFOA in utero is statistically associated with lower head circumference and body weight at birth, according to a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health analysis of nearly 300 umbilical cord blood samples. The study found no associations between these compounds and length or gestational age.
A pioneering study has confirmed the relation between allele s in the serotonin transporter gene and exposure to threatening life events in the onset of depression. The research predicts a personalized approach to treating depression by tailoring antidepressant treatment to an individual's genetic configuration and environmental factors.
The study of 15 mouse strains' genetic makeup reveals potential causes of environmental diseases. Researchers can now compare genetic variations to determine individual susceptibility to toxins in humans.
New research shows that cigarette smoke can cause changes in the DNA sequence of sperm cells, altering the genetic composition of offspring. The study found that male mice exposed to cigarette smoke had higher rates of genetic mutations than non-smoking mice, with the duration of exposure increasing the likelihood of damage.
Cornell researchers identified a dozen triterpenoids in apple peel with potent anti-proliferative activities against human liver, colon, and breast cancer cells. The compounds may be responsible for the anti-cancer properties of whole apples.
Mercury has been shown to activate phospholipase D enzyme in cells lining blood vessels, causing damage and contributing to vascular disorders. Chelation therapy and antioxidants have been found to suppress this activity, suggesting potential preventive measures against mercury-induced cardiovascular disease.
A new study shows Pycnogenol supplementation can prevent damage to the heart caused by high blood pressure and hypertension. The natural pine bark extract enhanced collagen connective tissues in cardiac tissue, resulting in stronger cardiac chambers.
Researchers discovered that hexavalent chromium causes cancer in laboratory animals when consumed in drinking water, leading to malignant tumors. The study found significant increases in tumors at high doses, highlighting the chemical's potential health risks.
Researchers found that an asexual nematode adapted rapidly to soil contamination, living longer and laying more eggs in polluted conditions. The study highlights the importance of considering various research disciplines for understanding stress responses and developing protection strategies.
Research found that prenatal toxicity is associated with immunological damage leading to chronic diseases such as asthma, cancer, and autoimmunity. The study identified several substances, including herbal and fungal chemicals, that may help restore inflammatory cell regulation.
Recent advances in epidemiologic and experimental knowledge have validated health benefits of moderate coffee consumption. Studies suggest that moderate coffee drinking may reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, while also lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes.
A teenage girl in London collapsed in a nightclub after taking 1-benzylpiperazine tablets, highlighting the dangers of this new drug. Analysis revealed the presence of the substance in her blood and seized tablet, which was linked to similar symptoms in seven other patients.
Researchers detected PFOA and PFOS in nearly all newborn umbilical cord blood samples, with concentrations lower than those found in adults. The study suggests a strong association between the two compounds, despite their different industrial sources.
Researchers have discovered a biological mechanism whereby two compounds in broccoli and soy reduce the invasive and metastatic potential of breast and ovarian cancer cells. Studies also suggest that a diet high in flavonols may help reduce pancreatic cancer risk, especially in smokers.
Researchers have developed tests that diagnose, predict or monitor cancer risks without invasive tissue sampling, benefiting underserved populations. DNA methylation mapping from exhaled breath can identify early-stage lung cancer, while an oral rinse test detects head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
A study by researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that female rats can detect changes in males' germline cells due to exposure to vinclozolin, leading them to avoid mating with those males. This avoidance behavior is linked to an epigenetic change that affects the male's fertility.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute found that carbon nanotubes inhibited growth in mammalian cells but sustained bacterial growth, highlighting the need for further research on nanotechnology's environmental impacts. The studies suggest different nanomaterials have varying effects on human health and the environment.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have discovered that estradiol helps maintain bone density by stopping the activation of caspase-3, an enzyme involved in osteoblast apoptosis. This finding suggests that estrogens may prevent both bone loss and fractures through anti-apoptotic effects on bone cells.
Dr. Elliot V. Hersh has been recognized for his research on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and local anaesthetics used in dentistry, including the approval of articaine by the US FDA. He is a prominent figure in the IADR Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology Group, having served in leadership roles and organized symposia.
The podcast series explores the impact of nanotechnology on human health, safety, and the environment. Key stakeholders share their perspectives on the benefits and challenges associated with this emerging technology. The discussion aims to raise awareness and promote informed decision-making about the future of nanotechnology.
David H. Baker, a renowned expert in animal and nutritional sciences, will be honored with the Charles A. Black Award for his outstanding achievements in the field. His research has led to significant discoveries about amino acid metabolism, toxicology, and nutrient needs of humans and animals.
Researchers found that FASD children had longer reaction times and made more direction errors in eye-movement tasks. The study provides a powerful tool for assessing executive-function deficits in individuals with FASD.
A study published in PLoS Biology finds that low levels of toxic substances cause critical stem cells to prematurely shut down. The research identifies a common molecular trigger for the effects of toxicant exposure, offering new insights into damage caused by toxicant exposure and potential methods to evaluate chemical safety.
The University of Nottingham has been awarded a £300,000 grant to collaborate with Indian researchers on a four-year project exploring mixture toxicity in living organisms. The project aims to develop a mathematical model predicting how organisms respond to chemical pollution.
A study published in Inhalation Toxicology found that rats exposed to highway pollution showed a significant drop in heart rate and disruption of the autonomic nervous system. This discovery highlights the potential risks of air pollution on cardiovascular health, particularly for individuals with pre-existing heart disease.
Researchers found an association between the use of products containing lavender oil and/or tea tree oil and prepubertal gynecomastia in young males. Laboratory studies confirmed that these oils can mimic estrogen effects and inhibit androgen effects, leading to breast tissue growth.
A study has identified rural individuals who frequently visit trauma centers for separate injuries, with substance abuse being the common thread. These recidivists are more likely to be older, white, and female, and have higher rates of positive blood alcohol screening results.
Researchers discovered that arsenite destabilizes lysosomes, breaking them apart and releasing enzymes that destroy APL cells. This finding could inform further research into treating APL, a rare cancer caused by chromosome fusion.
Repetitive motion speeds nanoparticle uptake through the skin, according to a study by researchers at Rice University. The team found that flexing the skin increases nanoparticle penetration and depth, with more buckyballs taken up after 24 hours.
A new study by UC Berkeley researchers found specific gene expression changes in Daphnia magna water fleas in response to copper, cadmium, and zinc contamination. These changes suggest a possible role for toxicogenomics in assessing environmental toxicity.
Dartmouth researchers discover that low doses of arsenic disrupt steroid hormone receptor signaling, affecting biological processes and disease risks. The study found that arsenic suppresses the ability of critical receptors to respond to normal hormone signals.
The American Chemical Society's Environmental Science & Technology journal highlights emerging contaminants such as nanoparticles, which can damage DNA, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which accumulate in aquatic food chains. These substances can have severe consequences for human health and the environment.
Fourteen top scientists propose five critical challenges for nanotechnology risk research, including identifying potential health and environmental hazards. They will discuss their recommendations at a live webcast on November 16th, 2006.
A comprehensive survey of nanotechnology workplace safety practices found that many companies and laboratories are using conventional EHS practices despite the potential for nanoparticles to pose specific environmental and health risks. The survey, conducted by Rice University's International Council on Nanotechnology, collected data f...
Mayo Clinic Cancer Center is conducting a clinical study using a vaccine strain of the measles virus to treat recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, a deadly brain tumor. The study has shown promising results in shrinking tumors and prolonging animal survival.
Researchers have sequenced the honey bee genome, revealing insights into its remarkable social behavior and highly developed sense of smell. The study found that honey bees originated in Africa, have a unique set of genes related to odorant receptors, and exhibit complex social cues.
Researchers have sequenced the DNA of 15 commonly used mouse strains, discovering over 8.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. This data will help understand complex genetic traits and their relation to human diseases, such as Parkinson's, cancer, and asthma.
Researchers at USC have made significant discoveries in the fight against Alzheimer's disease. A study found that hormone replacement therapy may lower Alzheimer's risk by as much as 50 percent in younger women. Additionally, a new treatment approach for ALS and Parkinson's disease has shown promising results, with exercise interventio...
A new study by University of Florida researchers found that almost all decaffeinated coffee contains some measure of caffeine. This can be a concern for people with medical conditions like hypertension or anxiety disorders who are advised to cut their caffeine intake.
A Rice University study recommends lowering Houston's toxic air pollutant levels due to high health risks. The report proposes a new set of air quality standards based on the underlying toxicology of four pollutants, including benzene and formaldehyde.
Scientists at the University of Kentucky are testing a lotion that stimulates melanin production, reducing UV damage and increasing skin protection. The treatment has promising results, offering an alternative to traditional sunless tanning products and tanning beds.
A new research project in China aims to develop robust scientific guidelines for safe levels of copper and nickel in Chinese soils. The project will combine data from various sources, including European Union and Australian research programs, to explain toxicity across a wide range of environments.
A new international collaborative research project in China aims to develop robust scientific guidelines for safe levels of copper and nickel in soils. The project will combine data from European Union and Australian research programs with local Chinese data to explain toxicity across a wide range of environments.
A study led by University of California, Santa Cruz researchers has confirmed that bullet fragments and shotgun pellets are the principal sources of lead poisoning in California condors. The study found that 77% of birds tested had lead levels linked to ammunition, highlighting the need for action to reduce lead exposure.
Researchers found five proteins overexpressed and three underexpressed in response to chronic alcohol exposure, affecting programmed cell death, cholesterol balance, and signal transduction. The study suggests a progressive increase in behavior disruption with prolonged exposure, highlighting the potential for new therapeutic targets.
A new study found that Sydney harbor's seaweeds contain high levels of toxic heavy metals, harming small animals that eat them. Up to three-quarters of juvenile crustaceans are killed when exposed to copper, highlighting the potential consequences for marine food chains.
A novel proteomics study has shown that proteins regulating brain-cell activity behave like volume controls, allowing for incremental levels of activity. This 'homeostatic plasticity' enables neurons to adapt to changing environments.
A recent study published by University of Utah psychologists found that drivers using handheld or hands-free cellular phones are as impaired as drunken drivers. The study's lead author, David Strayer, suggests that legislators should consider outlawing cell phone use while driving to address driver distraction.
Dr. Meechan has received the IADR Pharmacology, Therapeutics, & Toxicology Research Award for his contributions to dental care management and medically compromised patients. The award recognizes his research interests in local anesthesia and pain control.
A team of researchers is developing new diagnostic tools to identify biological markers that predict brain injury in children with FASD, aiming to minimize the effects on development. Simple eye movement tasks can assess brain function and will be used to develop individualized therapeutic interventions.
The research team showed that naphthalene can block enzymes that initiate programmed cell death, leading to unchecked cellular proliferation and cancer. The study used a common worm known as C. elegans to develop a systematic way to screen potential cancer-causing chemicals in humans.
A recent study by Dr. Wolfgang Paulus found no increased risk of congenital abnormalities in children born to mothers taking the antidepressant paroxetine during early pregnancy. The researchers suggest that a reliable pharmaco-vigilance system is crucial for documenting fetal outcomes, but more funding and support are needed.
Researchers found that an intracellular protein called synectin is a key regulator of arterial growth, impairing development when disrupted. This discovery could lead to new therapeutic approaches for coronary artery disease and vascular biology research.
The Penn CEET aims to improve environmental health through research and outreach, focusing on lung disease, endocrine systems, and gene-environment interactions. The center will collaborate with local communities to address pressing environmental concerns.
Researchers have identified alveolar type I cells as potential diagnostic markers for acute lung injury. The study's findings suggest that these cells may play a crucial role in the development of pulmonary diseases.
Researchers are studying salamanders and MRL mice to identify the types of cells, molecular signals, genes, and cellular scaffolding required for regenerative cell growth. They hope to develop a blueprint for regenerative growth, which could help overcome the formation of scar tissue in humans.
Researchers found high levels of toxic contaminants in white sturgeon from areas above Bonneville Dam, leading to reduced growth and reproductive fitness. The contamination is thought to be accumulating behind dams, posing a threat to the fish's survival and ecosystem balance.
A recent study reveals that a single gene, spineless, controls the development of both the fruit fly's antenna and its color vision. The research, led by Claude Desplan and Ian Duncan, uses Drosophila fruit flies to demonstrate how this gene regulates the retina's structure and function.
A recent study found that many sodas and energy drinks contain high levels of caffeine, posing health risks for certain individuals. The FDA recommends a maximum of 65 milligrams per serving, but some energy drinks have up to 141 milligrams, more than double the limit.
Research by Michigan State University reveals that combustion-derived nanoparticles can cause nasal airway inflammation, rhinitis, and epithelial cell injury. The study's findings suggest that the nose is a potential target organ for nanoparticle toxicity, highlighting the need for better occupational and environmental exposure limits.