ICWater is a computer-based tool that integrates multiple information sources and data from incident commanders to help predict contaminant reach times for drinking water intakes. The tool is currently used by water utilities and response teams in the US, with an operational version set to be deployed nationally by summer 2006.
The report found a lack of data on landowner biodiversity policy, calling for new sources and incentives to promote sustainable forestry. Scientists also identified the need for annual tracking of large parcel transactions to ensure responsible stewardship.
After a high-severity fire, natural conifer regeneration can occur, with seedlings per acre reaching up to 300, but logging reduces this by 71%. Logging can also produce fine fuels that increase fire risk. The study suggests leaving dead trees standing may reduce re-burn risks.
Yale is establishing an online library for developing countries to access peer-reviewed scientific literature. The project aims to increase the ability of scientists in underdeveloped nations to conduct high-quality research and develop educational programs.
Researchers found that plants respond differently to bacteria that efficiently produce nitrogen, with root nodules growing bigger in response to good sharers. This complex relationship suggests that agricultural practices could disrupt these interactions and create plants with reduced ability to choose among root bacteria.
Jones' master of science thesis described a new species and subspecies of freshwater mussel, utilizing modern genetic techniques in addition to traditional methods. His research highlights the importance of multi-faceted approaches in understanding biodiversity.
Peter A. Raymond, Yale assistant professor of ecosystem ecology, has received the 2005 Cronin Award for his research on rivers, estuaries, and coastal systems' role in carbon budgets. He studies climate and land use's impact on river carbon transfer and collaboration with researchers on air-water CO2 exchange.
Climate models predict a rapid increase in global temperatures and sea level rise of up to 30cm, with severe consequences for agriculture, ecosystems, and extreme weather events. The study also highlights the impact of human activity on the climate, fuelling global warming.
A research group has identified a messenger molecule, produced by the FT gene, that induces flower formation in plants. This breakthrough resolves the long-standing mystery of Florigen, a substance thought to control plant flowering, and opens up new possibilities for plant breeding and forestry.
A study analyzing government census data finds that housing growth in and around US national forests is threatening biodiversity and ecosystem health. The number of housing units within national forest boundaries increased from 500,000 to 1.5 million between 1950 and 2000, largely due to private land ownership.
This special issue examines the role of consumption in shaping the environment, exploring its impact on water use, energy consumption, and product life spans. Researchers analyze household and global consumption patterns to better understand the pivotal role of consumption in environmental management.
A study by Texas A&M AgriLife Communications reveals that planting containerized seedlings in the fall can significantly increase the survival rate of pine tree seedlings, with a 93% survival rate compared to 67%. The shift in reforestation methods may help landowners improve their forest land management and reduce waste.
The USDA will use NIST's Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability (BEES) tool to evaluate the environmental and economic performance of biobased products over their life cycles. Biobased products made from renewable materials will be preferred in federal procurement.
The loss of gray wolves in western North America has triggered ecological effects on elk populations, beaver, birds, fish, and even tree species, leading to collapsing health of aspen and other vegetation.
A study found a significant association between short-term ozone exposure and an increase in daily death rates, particularly among older adults. The researchers estimated that a 10-ppb increase in ozone was associated with an additional 3,767 premature deaths annually in urban communities.
A study of 95 US cities found that ground-level ozone is associated with a 0.52% daily increase in deaths, with an average daily ozone level of 26ppb. A 10ppb reduction in daily ozone could save nearly 4,000 lives.
UBC researchers found a direct link between fish supply and the demand for bushmeat in Ghanaian villages, with bushmeat contributing to a 76% decline in mammal biomass since 1970. The study suggests that EU fishing fleets may be to blame for reduced fish stocks.
The DOE has successfully sequenced the poplar tree's genome, providing a critical resource for developing faster-growing trees and increasing biomass conversion. Researchers aim to engineer trees that can sequester more carbon from the atmosphere, potentially helping mitigate global warming.
A University of Wisconsin-Madison researcher used historic aerial photographs to track road density and found that invasive species can colonize roads within up to 60 years. Forest managers can employ proactive monitoring and quick action to mitigate the impact of roads on native plant life.
University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers used a computer-modeling program to project 200 years of change in a forest in northwestern Wisconsin under three climate scenarios. The model found that some species would not be able to survive warmer conditions, while human actions also contribute to the changing landscape.
A new study published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry found that cinnamon oil is effective in killing mosquito larvae, with four compounds exhibiting strong activity against the yellow fever mosquito. The study suggests that cinnamon oil could be a good mosquito repellant, although further testing is needed.
The Climate, Community & Biodiversity (CCB) Standards aim to address the shortcomings of existing land-based climate strategies by incorporating environmental and social issues. The standards evaluate projects that mitigate or adapt to climate change while conserving biodiversity and alleviating poverty.
Researchers at SLU have identified the first gene regulating programmed cell death in plant embryos, revealing a previously unknown mechanism. This discovery has significant implications for plant breeding and forestry, as it may help increase production and bolster resistance in plants.
The study identifies areas with high mortality rates among grizzly bears, primarily caused by human activities such as forestry, oil and gas, and mining. The researchers recommend limiting human access to critical habitat sites and increasing education programs to mitigate the impact on the species.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a method to identify genes in tree species, paving the way for domesticated trees. This breakthrough aims to reduce the need for logging wilderness areas by producing ideal characteristics such as insect resistance or improved wood properties.
American chestnut trees have shown remarkable growth potential in plantations, growing up to 77% taller and 140% wider than other forest species. Purdue researcher Doug Jacobs is developing blight-resistant hybrids to restore the tree to its historic range.
Salvage harvesting operations after natural disturbances can threaten some organisms when large quantities of biological legacies are removed. Researchers argue that exempting large areas from these practices is crucial for ecosystem recovery and sustainability.
Purdue scientists Rick Howard and colleagues discovered that genetically modified fish have a reproductive advantage, but their offspring are less likely to survive. This paradox could lead to a population dwindling in size and potentially disappearing entirely if not managed carefully.
A $1.6 million federal allocation will support polymer research initiatives at the Institute for Advanced Learning and Research (IALR) in Southside Virginia. The funding aims to stimulate economic growth through the development of new technologies, businesses, and job creation.
Virginia Tech's HCRC is the largest horseshoe crab research institution in the country, supporting research on sustainable management practices. The new funding will support a range of studies, including population size estimation, spawning habitat identification, and dynamics between horseshoe crabs and shorebirds.
A study found that ponderosa pine and Douglas fir needles can reduce water flow erosion by up to 60% and rain-induced erosion by up to 80%. Researchers used artificial rain laboratory experiments to test the effectiveness of needle cover in preventing post-fire soil erosion.
Researchers found that wild blueberry-enriched diets helped relax arteries, reducing blood pressure and potential damage to the endothelial layer. The study suggests that high concentrations of antioxidants in blueberries may preserve nitric oxide bioavailability, aiding in maintaining arterial relaxation.
The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park has led to a remarkable recovery of cottonwood and willow species, as well as improved stream health. Young trees are now growing taller in areas where wolves are present, suggesting that the fear of predation is preventing elk from overgrazing.
A University of Toronto professor has created a way to turn hemp into strong and lightweight biocomposites. These materials can be used in various applications such as automotive interior parts, structural buildings, sports equipment, and even medical devices like cardiac devices and blood bags.
The agreement creates a transboundary protected area combining the Takamanda-Okwangwo complex in Cameroon and Nigeria. The plan aims to conserve gorillas and their habitat through measures such as revised land-use practices, corridor establishment, and increased protection.
Researchers are exploring ways to combat the devastating impact of the Asian woody adelgid on western North Carolina's hemlock forests. CAMCORE, a global forest conservation program, is working with natural predators and developing resistant tree varieties to preserve genetic diversity.
The Wildlife Conservation Society reports a substantial increase in Tibetan antelope, wild yaks, and other species due to enhanced protection. The increased numbers are attributed to better enforcement and education, but challenges persist in managing human-wildlife conflicts.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that loblolly pines and Arabidopsis thaliana share 90% of their genes, despite being vastly different in appearance. This suggests that woody and herbaceous plants may have evolved using the same genetic mechanisms.
A Texas forestry sciences researcher has developed a two-dimensional warping model based on the mechanics of layered composites, enabling factory managers to make changes in manufacturing processes. The model uses commercial spreadsheet software to calculate and plot overall linear expansion and out-of-plane warping of wood-based panels.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have successfully reduced lignin content in aspen trees by 45-50% through genetic modification. This reduction increases cellulose content and accelerates tree growth, offering economic and environmental advantages for the wood, paper, and pulp industries.
Scientists emphasize the need for improved nitrogen management to address its impact on the environment, human health, and agriculture. Targeted research and educational programs can optimize fertilizer efficiency, reducing environmental damage and associated economic costs.
A Michigan researcher has developed practical suggestions to balance tourism with bird conservation in the Pantanal. Stakeholders' perceptions of a wading bird colony as a community resource have been studied, leading to implemented measures such as staffed observation posts and guided tours.
The report highlights agriculture's significant impact on urban daily life, from green industry to economic benefits and crime reduction. It proposes initiatives for collaboration between agricultural science, higher education, research, and government to remain relevant to society.
Researchers at Alberta Research Council have developed a working demonstration unit of micro fuel cell technology, capable of powering a small electric fan. The single-cell fuel cell uses hydrogen gas as a fuel and can be adapted to run on various fuels, including natural gas and butane.
The USGS will create maps and data to assess aquatic biodiversity in the Great Lakes region, which supports over 30 communities of unique plants and animals. The goal is to protect habitats and preserve species richness through conservation efforts across 49 states.
Bushmeat consumption has been linked to chemical poisoning, with 30% of samples containing organochlorines, carbamates, and organophosphorus. The Ghana government aims to reverse the extinction of wildlife through sustainable alternatives like wildlife farming and education campaigns.
A new test for cyanobacteria toxins in freshwater systems could simplify testing, but results show the survival probability of female northern right whales is declining. The model suggests that preventing two female deaths per year could prevent extinction by 2202, with only about 300 northern right whales remaining.
The EO-1 satellite has produced over four times the expected volume of imagery, demonstrating the effectiveness of its Hyperion and Advanced Land Imager (ALI) instruments in monitoring Earth's surfaces. These instruments have already proven invaluable in applications such as forestry and agricultural crop assessment.
Researchers found that certain fungi can supply calcium to trees in acidic soils, reducing the loss of essential nutrients. However, not all tree species have beneficial fungal associations, and other factors like soil acidity can still hinder plant growth.
Mooney recognized for his work in plant physiological ecology and conservation efforts, including creating new methods to quantify environmental impact on plants. He also established the Global Invasive Species Program to raise awareness of human activities' effects on ecosystems through species introductions.
A new program helps protect Asian elephants from crop-raiding by implementing a coordinated effort to deter them, reducing farmer risk and protecting the environment. The initiative uses trip wires, sirens, spotlights, and firecrackers to scare off aggressive elephants, promoting coexistence between humans and wildlife.
A new NASA study suggests that changes in rainfall patterns play a significant role in plant growth and carbon absorption in the United States. The research found that higher humidity combined with increased precipitation led to a 14% increase in plant growth between 1950 and 1993.
A study found that nearly 800 monkeys in Cameroon were infected with simian immunodeficiency viruses, highlighting the risk of human exposure through hunting and handling primates. The diversity among the viruses suggests a high degree of human exposure to SIVs.
A new laser ultrasonic sensor streamlines the papermaking process by measuring flexibility in real-time, allowing for improved quality control and reduced energy consumption. The sensor's non-contact technology enables accurate measurements without damaging the paper, paving the way for increased efficiency and productivity.
John Seiler, a tree physiology specialist, has received the USDA teaching award for his exceptional teaching skills and innovative approaches to educating students about forestry. He is also a recipient of several prestigious awards for his academic achievements in forestry education.
The Vienna centre of excellence in biomedicine is researching into the genetic causes of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatism and arteriosclerosis. The centre brings together leading university institutes, pharmaceutical companies, and start-ups to achieve rapid transfers of research results from the laboratory to patients.
The project, initiated in 1997, incorporates multiple viewpoints from the scientific, corporate, and environmental communities to balance ecology and economics in forestry management. The team's approach has formed notable partnerships and is regarded as a model for others striving to achieve this balance.
The US Department of Agriculture has awarded a $3 million grant to researchers at North Carolina State University to develop genetically improved strains of the fast-growing loblolly pine. The goal is to produce high-quality wood quickly and efficiently, reducing logging in natural forests and preserving biodiversity.
The Scripps Institution of Oceanography has developed a groundbreaking wildfire forecast for the western United States, using statistical methods to predict fire seasons and fuel availability. The 2001 forecast suggests a much milder wildfire season compared to 2000, which burned over 7 million acres and caused $1.6 billion in damage.
A team of researchers at Michigan Technological University has identified a gene responsible for producing syringyl lignin, a unique type of lignin found in hardwood trees. This discovery provides new insights into the evolution of angiosperms and their mechanical advantages over gymnosperms.